| 1. |
- Ahonen, Lia, 1976-, et al.
(author)
-
What is the Hidden Figure of Delinquency in Girls? : Scaling Up From Police Charges to Self-Reports
- 2017
-
In: Victims & Offenders. - : Routledge. - 1556-4886 .- 1556-4991. ; 12:5, s. 761-776
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research on males shows discrepancies between official records and self-reports of delinquency, thus creating a scaling-up factor. Comparable information for girls is still needed. We investigated discrepancies (scaling up factors) from official records to selfreports in a large sample of girls between ages 12 and 17 (N = 2,450). On average there were three self-reported juvenile female offenders for every individual charged by the police, and for every police charge there were four offenses that were committed. The scaling-up factor was highest in early adolescence, indicating that female offenders at a young age were more likely to stay undetected by the police. The scaling-up factor was significantly lower for African American than white girls: a higher proportion of African American delinquent girls were charged by the police. Racial differences in scaling up were significant only for prevalence, not for frequency of offending. Knowledge about scaling-up factors is important for the design and implementation of intervention programs. We discuss racial differences, implications for justice administration, and practical implications for intervention science.
|
|
| 2. |
- Wymeersch, Henk, 1976, et al.
(author)
-
Radio Localization and Mapping with Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: Challenges, Opportunities, and Research Directions
- 2020
-
In: IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine. - 1556-6080 .- 1556-6072. ; 15:4, s. 52-61
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- 5G radio for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) and beyond5G concepts at 0.1-1 THz can exploit angle and delay measurements for localization through an increased bandwidth and large antenna arrays, but they are limited in terms of blockage caused by obstacles. Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are seen as a transformative technology that can control the physical propagation environment in which they are embedded by passively reflecting radio waves in preferred directions and actively sensing this environment in receive and transmit modes. While such RISs have mainly been intended for communication purposes, they can provide great benefits in terms of performance, energy consumption, and cost for localization and mapping. These benefits as well as associated challenges are the main topics of this article.
|
|
| 3. |
- Khan, Zulfiqar Hasan, 1976, et al.
(author)
-
Joint Feature Correspondences and Appearance Similarity for Robust Visual Object Tracking
- 2010
-
In: IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security. - 1556-6021 .- 1556-6013. ; 5:3, s. 591-606
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel visual object tracking scheme is proposed by using joint point feature correspondences and object appearance similarity. For point feature-based tracking, we propose a candidate tracker that simultaneously exploits two separate sets of point feature correspondences in the foreground and in the surrounding background, where background features are exploited for the indication of occlusions. Feature points in these two sets are then dynamically maintained. For object appearance-based tracking, we propose a candidate tracker based on an enhanced anisotropic mean shift with a fully tunable (5 degrees of freedom) bounding box that is partially guided by the above feature point tracker. Both candidate trackers contain a re-initialization process to reset the tracker in order to prevent accumulated tracking error propagation in frames. In addition, a novel online learning method is introduced to the enhanced mean shift-based candidate tracker. The reference object distribution is updated in each time interval if there is an indication of stable and reliable tracking without background interferences. By dynamically updating the reference object model, tracking is further improved by using a more accurate object appearance similarity measure. An optimal selection criterion is applied to the final tracker based on the results of these candidate trackers. Experiments have been conducted on several videos containing a range of complex scenarios. To evaluate the performance, the proposed scheme is further evaluated using three objective criteria, and compared with two existing trackers. All our results have shown that the proposed scheme is very robust and has yielded a marked improvement in terms of tracking drift, tightness and accuracy of tracked bounding boxes, especially for complex video scenarios containing long-term partial occlusions or intersections, deformation, or background clutter with similar color distributions to the foreground object.
|
|
| 4. |
- Behravan, Ali, 1971, et al.
(author)
-
Positioning and Sensing in 6G: Gaps, Challenges, and Opportunities
- 2023
-
In: IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine. - 1556-6080 .- 1556-6072. ; 18:1, s. 40-48
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Among the key differentiators of 6G compared to 5G will be the increased emphasis on radio-based positioning and sensing. These will be utilized not only for conventional location-aware services and for enhancing communication performance but also to support new use case families with extreme performance requirements. This article presents a unified vision from stakeholders across the value chain in terms of both opportunities and challenges for 6G positioning and sensing as well as use cases, performance requirements, and gap analysis. Combined, this motivates the technical advances in 6G and guides system design.
|
|
| 5. |
- Bennerstedt, Ulrika, 1979, et al.
(author)
-
How gamers manage aggression: Situating skills in collaborative computer games
- 2012
-
In: International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1556-1607 .- 1556-1615. ; 7:1, s. 43-61
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the discussion on what players learn from digital games, there are two major camps in clear opposition to each other. As one side picks up on negative elements found in games the other side focuses on positive aspects. While the agendas differ, the basic arguments still depart from a shared logic: that engagement in game-related activities fosters the development of behaviors that are transferred to situations beyond the game itself. With an approach informed by ethnomethodology, in this paper we probe the underlying logic connected to studies that argue for such general effects of games. By focusing on proficient gamers involved in the core game activity of boss encounters in a massively multiplayer online game, we examine the fundamentals that must be learnt and mastered for succeeding in an ordinary collaborative gaming practice where aggression is portrayed. On the basis of our empirical analysis we then address the contentious links between concrete instances of play and generic effects. As expected, the results point to “aggression” as well as “collaboration” as major components in the gaming experience, but our analysis also suggests that the practices associated with these notions are locally tied to the game. Based on these results, we propose that to reverse this relationship and claim that game environments foster collaboration or aggression in general first assumes strong theoretical claims about the nature of cognition and learning, and second, risks confusing the debate with hyperbole.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Capalbo, Lucas S., et al.
(author)
-
Understanding Participation Experiences in Sport Programs for the Acculturation of Refugee Youth : A Comparative Study of Two Different Programs in the US and Sweden
- 2024
-
In: Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1556-2948 .- 1556-2956. ; 22:2, s. 449-465
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sports can help refugees mitigate traumas, connect with others, and learn positive values. In this illustrative comparative study, we compare two sport programs for the acculturation of refugees in the US and Sweden. Our aim is to describe both programs, compare them with the literature, and present suggestions for the field. Hence, we placed the program participants at the center of their acculturation process and used interpretivism to understand their experiences of joining the program and engaging with the sport culture in their countries of resettlement, as well as to account for the benefits they perceived from participation.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
