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  • Almet, Axel A., et al. (author)
  • A Roadmap for a Consensus Human Skin Cell Atlas and Single-Cell Data Standardization
  • 2023
  • In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Elsevier. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 143:9, s. 1667-1677
  • Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Single-cell technologies have become essential to driving discovery in both basic and translational investigative dermatology. Despite the multitude of available datasets, a central reference atlas of normal human skin, which can serve as a reference resource for skin cell types, cell states, and their molecular signatures, is still lacking. For any such atlas to receive broad acceptance, participation by many investigators during atlas construction is an essential prerequisite. As part of the Human Cell Atlas project, we have assembled a Skin Biological Network to build a consensus Human Skin Cell Atlas and outline a roadmap toward that goal. We define the drivers of skin diversity to be considered when selecting sequencing datasets for the atlas and list practical hurdles during skin sampling that can result in data gaps and impede comprehensive representation and technical considerations for tissue processing and computational analysis, the accounting for which should minimize biases in cell type enrichments and exclusions and decrease batch effects. By outlining our goals for Atlas 1.0, we discuss how it will uncover new aspects of skin biology.
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  • Bivik Eding, Cecilia, et al. (author)
  • MTH1 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Psoriasis
  • 2021
  • In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 141:8, s. 2037-2048
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Inflammatory diseases, including psoriasis, are characterized by changes in redox regulation. The MTH1 prevents the incorporation of oxidized nucleotides during DNA replication. Using MTH1 small-molecule inhibitors, we found induced apoptosis through 8-oxodeoxyguanosine triphosphate accumulation and DNA double-strand breaks after oxidative stress in normal and malignant keratinocytes. In psoriasis, we detected increased MTH1 expression in lesional skin and PBMCs compared with that in the controls. Using the imiquimod psoriasis mouse model, we found that MTH1 inhibition diminished psoriatic histological characteristics and normalized the levels of neutrophils and T cells in the skin and skin-draining lymph nodes. The inhibition abolished the expression of T helper type 17-associated cytokines in the skin, which was in line with decreased levels of IL-17-producing gd T cells in lymph nodes. In human keratinocytes, MTH1 inhibition prevented the upregulation of IL-17-downstream genes, which was independent of ROS-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, our data support MTH1 inhibition using small molecules suitable for topical application as a promising therapeutic approach to psoriasis.
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  • Bzioueche, Hanene, et al. (author)
  • Analysis of Matched Skin and Gut Microbiome of Patients with Vitiligo Reveals Deep Skin Dysbiosis : Link with Mitochondrial and Immune Changes
  • 2021
  • In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Elsevier. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 141:9, s. 2280-2290
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by patchy, white skin owing to melanocyte loss. Commensal cutaneous or gut dysbiosis has been linked to various dermatological disorders. In this study, we studied the skin and gut microbiota of patients with vitiligo compared with those of healthy controls. We obtained swabs and biopsies from both lesional and nonlesional skin as well as stool and blood samples from each individual. We detected reduced richness and diversity of microbiota in the stools of subjects with vitiligo compared with the stools of the controls (P < 0.01). Skin swabs had greater α-diversity than biopsies (P < 0.001); swabs from lesional sites were primarily depleted of Staphylococcus compared with those from nonlesional sites (P < 0.02). Sampling deeper layers from the same patients showed differences in both α- and β-diversity between samples with decreased richness and distribution of species (P < 0.01) in the lesional site. Biopsy microbiota from the lesional skin had distinct microbiota composition, which was depleted of protective Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides but was enriched in Proteobacteria, Streptococcus, Mycoplasma, and mtDNA (P < 0.001); the latter increased in the same patients with heightened innate immunity and stress markers in their blood (P < 0.05). These data describe vitiligo-specific cutaneous and gut microbiota and a link between skin dysbiosis, mitochondrial damage, and immunity in patients with vitiligo.
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