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- Johnston, Derek W., et al.
(author)
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The relationship between cardiac reactivity in the laboratory and in real life
- 2008
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In: Health Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0278-6133 .- 1930-7810. ; 27:1, s. 34-42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: An excessive cardiovascular response to acute stress is a probable risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Such reactivity is usually assessed from the CV response to laboratory stressors. However, if it is a risk factor, correlated responses must occur in real life. Design: In the present study, we investigated the relationship between the heart rate (HR) response to five laboratory stressors and HR reactivity in the field. Measures: HR variation, the response to a real life stressor (public speaking), and the increase in HR with periods of self-reported tense arousal. Ambulatory HR, activity and posture were measured continuously over a 7-hr period. Results: The HR increase to laboratory stressors did not relate to HR variation consistently, but it did relate to the other two field measures. Conclusion: The results suggested that a tendency to increased HR reactivity may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease when combined with exposure to stress.
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- Lisspers, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Long-term effects of lifestyle behavior change in coronary artery disease : Effects on recurrent coronary events after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
- 2005
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In: Health Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0278-6133 .- 1930-7810. ; 24:1, s. 41-48
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study evaluated the effects of a behaviorally oriented cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention program on lifestyle changes and on coronary recurrence rates. Patients recently treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomized to an intervention with an aggressive focus on lifestyle changes (smoking, diet, exercise, and stress; n = 46) or to a standard-care control group (n = 42). Results showed that the intervention group had significantly larger overall lifestyle changes than the control group after 12, 24, 36, and 60 months. The intervention group had significantly lower rates of all coronary events (acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, PCI, cardiac death; 30.4% vs. 53.7%), and of cardiovascular mortality (2.2% vs. 14.6%). The need for future large-scale and long-term evaluations of lifestyle-oriented secondary prevention interventions of this kind is emphasized. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved)
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- Lundgren, Jesper, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Relaxation versus cognitive therapies for dental fear--a psychophysiological approach.
- 2006
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In: Health Psychol. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0278-6133 .- 1930-7810. ; 25:3, s. 267-273
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- By separating 127 adult dental-phobic patients according to fear etiology and psychophysiologic response style, the authors investigated the outcome of 2 dental fear treatments. Before and after either relaxation or cognitively oriented treatment, subjects were exposed to neutral and fear-relevant video sequences while the subjects' forehead muscle tension, heart rate, and skin conductance were recorded. Pre- to postintervention differences in self-reported dental fear, general fear, and trait anxiety were analyzed together with psychophysiological data. Both treatments resulted in a significant reduction of dental fear. Despite significant interaction effects of Treatment Modality × Psychophysiological Response Style, it could not be concluded that patients with different fear etiologies or response styles benefit differentially from the 2 treatments given. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved)
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- Wardle, J, et al.
(author)
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Healthy dietary practices among European students
- 1997
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In: Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0278-6133. ; 16:5, s. 443-450
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 10. |
- Blackburn, Angélique M., et al.
(author)
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Mediation analysis of conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments on vaccine willingness
- 2023
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In: Health Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0278-6133 .- 1930-7810. ; 42:4, s. 235-246
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Vaccines are an effective means to reduce the spread of diseases, but they are sometimes met with hesitancy that needs to be understood. Method: In this study, we analyzed data from a large, cross-country survey conducted between June and August 2021 in 43 countries (N = 15,740) to investigate the roles of trust in government and science in shaping vaccine attitudes and willingness to be vaccinated. Results: Despite significant variability between countries, we found that both forms of institutional trust were associated with a higher willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Furthermore, we found that conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments predicted reduced trust in government and science, respectively, and that trust mediated the relationship between these two constructs and ultimate vaccine attitudes. Although most countries displayed similar relationships between conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments, trust in government and science, and vaccine attitudes, we identified three countries (Brazil, Honduras, and Russia) that demonstrated significantly altered associations between the examined variables in terms of significant random slopes. Conclusions: Cross-country differences suggest that local governments’ support for COVID-19 prevention policies can influence populations’ vaccine attitudes. These findings provide insight for policymakers to develop interventions aiming to increase trust in the institutions involved in the vaccination process.
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