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- Ahlström, Johan, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Bark as feedstock for dual fluidized bed gasifiers. Operability, efficiency, and economics
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Energy Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1099-114X .- 0363-907X. ; 43:3, s. 1171-1190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demand for biofuels and biochemicals is expected to increase in the future, which will in turn increase the demand for biomass feedstock. Large gasification plants fueled with biomass feedstock are likely to be a key enabling technology in a resource-efficient, bio-based economy. Furthermore, the costs for producing biofuels and biochemicals in such plants could potentially be decreased by utilizing inexpensive low-grade residual biomass as feedstock. This study investigates the usage of shredded tree bark as a feedstock for the production of biomethane in the GoBiGas demonstration plant in Gothenburg, Sweden, based on a 32 MWth industrial dual fluidized bed gasification unit. The plant was operated with bark feedstock for 12 000 hours during the period 2014 to 2018. Data from the measurement campaign were processed using a stochastic approach to establish the plant's mass and energy balances, which were then compared with operation of the plant with wood pellets. For this comparison, an extrapolation algorithm was developed to predict plant performance using bark dried to the same moisture content as wood pellets, ie, 8%w.b. Plant operation with bark feedstock was evaluated for operability, efficiency, and feedstock-related cost. The gas quality achieved during the test period was similar to that obtained for operation with wood pellets. Furthermore, no significant ash sintering or agglomeration problems were observed more than 750 hours of operation. The calculated biomass-to-biomethane efficiency is 43% to 47% (lower heating value basis) for operation with wet bark. However, the predicted biomass-to-biomethane efficiency can be increased to 55%–65% for operation with bark feedstock dried to 8% moisture content, with corresponding feedstock costs in the range of 24.2 to 32.7 EUR/MWh; ie, a cost reduction of about 40% compared with wood pellets.
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- Sandstedt, Mikael, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Regional transcriptomic profiling reveals immune system enrichment in nonfailing atria as well as all chambers of the failing human heart
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0363-6135 .- 1522-1539. ; 325:6, s. H1430-H1445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The different chambers of the human heart demonstrate regional physiological traits and may be differentially affected during pathologic remodeling, resulting in heart failure. Few previous studies have, however, characterized the different chambers at a transcriptomic level. We therefore conducted whole-tissue RNA sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis of biopsies collected from the four chambers of adult failing (n = 8) and nonfailing (n = 11) human hearts. Atria and ventricles demonstrated distinct transcriptional patterns. Compared to nonfailing ventricles, the transcriptional pattern of nonfailing atria was enriched for a large number of gene sets associated with cardiogenesis, the immune system and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), MAPK/JNK and Wnt signaling. Differences between failing and nonfailing hearts were also determined. The transcriptional pattern of failing atria was distinct compared to that of nonfailing atria and enriched for gene sets associated with the innate and adaptive immune system, TGF beta/SMAD signaling, and changes in endothelial, smooth muscle cell and cardiomyocyte physiology. Failing ventricles were also enriched for gene sets associated with the immune system. Based on the transcriptomic patterns, upstream regulators associated with heart failure were identified. These included many immune response factors predicted to be similarly activated for all chambers of failing hearts. In summary, the heart chambers demonstrate distinct transcriptional patterns that differ between failing and nonfailing hearts. Immune system signaling may be a hallmark of all four heart chambers in failing hearts, and could constitute a novel therapeutic target.
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- Xun, Qian, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of fluctuating voltage topology with fuel cells and supercapacitors for automotive applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Energy Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1099-114X .- 0363-907X. ; 43:9, s. 4807-4819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To develop a single stage power conversion topology in which energy storage devices can be directly coupled, a fluctuating voltage topology is applied, leading to lower cost and more compactness with the absence of DC/DC converters. This paper investigates such topology for automotive applications where fuel cells are directly connected to the DC bus of the inverter, resulting in fluctuating voltage across the DC bus. Further, a supercapacitor pack is also introduced to maintain power capacity and voltage stability. The hybridization principle and practical application of such a topology are then discussed in the time domain and frequency domain. Furthermore, the transient power requirement is decomposed to design the size of fuel cells and supercapacitors. Simulation results from the modelling of the fuel cell‐supercapacitor powertrain demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this topology. The supercapacitors can serve as a low‐pass filter for the fuel cells. In conclusion, the peak power requirement can be successfully achieved because of the lowered system impedance and the fuel cells only need to supply the average power.
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- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Roles of body image-related experiential avoidance and uncommitted living in the link between body image and women’s quality of life
- 2018
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Routledge. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 58:1, s. 38-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study aimed to test whether the associations of body mass index, body image discrepancy, and social comparison based on physical appearance with women's psychological quality of life (QoL) would be explained by the mechanisms of body image-related experiential avoidance and patterns of uncommitted living. The sample was collected from October 2014 to March 2015 and included 737 female college students (aged between 18 and 25 years) who completed validated self-report measures. Results demonstrated that the final path model explained 43% of psychological QoL and revealed an excellent fit. Body image-related experiential avoidance had a meditational role in the association between body image discrepancy and psychological QoL. Further, the link between social comparison based on physical appearance and psychological QoL was partially mediated by body image-related experiential avoidance and uncommitted living. These findings indicate that the key mechanisms of the relationship between body image and young women's QoL were those related to maladaptive emotion regulation. It thus seems that interventions aiming to promote mental health in this population should promote acceptance of internal experiences related to physical appearance (e.g., sensations, thoughts, or emotions) and the engagement in behaviors committed to life values.
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| 7. |
- Falasca, Kajsa, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Revolving around roles : Public affairs practitioners as democratic enablers or as hired guns
- 2021
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Ingår i: Public Relations Review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0363-8111 .- 1873-4537. ; 47:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper offers insights into how public affairs practitioners perceive their often-debated role in the political process. By examining the specific group of public affairs practitioners called “revolvers”, i.e. individuals who move from a position in the political sphere to a position as a public affairs consultant or vice-versa, we engage in the on-going discussion concerning the legitimacy of public affairs in modern democracies. The empirical material consists of interviews with revolvers who as public affairs practitioners have experience of working in the Swedish political sphere, as well as the commercially driven public affairs industry. Consequently, the article contributes to our understanding of lobbying in the political process from the perspective of the controversial revolvers and gives us an important insight into how revolvers in Sweden argue and act in their efforts to create legitimacy for their role by attempting to fuse corporate and public interests. The perception which is predominant in this study, suggests that the revolvers regard themselves as a kind of corporatist influence in a democratic society rather than a special interest influencer. The revolvers appear to find common ground when defining the purpose and contribution of their occupation as advocates, but that different lines of arguments arise when practitioners displace and differentiate themselves from the tainted work connected to lobbying and advocacy tasks. Hence it is clear that there is tension between the professional role conception and role performance.
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| 9. |
- Lindman, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Five-Year Outcomes After Arthroscopic Surgery for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome in Elite Athletes
- 2020
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Ingår i: American Journal of Sports Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 0363-5465 .- 1552-3365. ; 48:6, s. 1416-1422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2020 The Author(s). Background: Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is a common cause of hip pain and disability in athletes. Arthroscopic treatment for FAIS is well-established; however, the long-term results in elite athletes are limited. Purpose: To evaluate outcomes 5 years after arthroscopic treatment for FAIS in elite athletes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Elite athletes undergoing arthroscopic treatment for FAIS with a minimum 5-year follow-up were included. They were prospectively followed up with patient-reported outcome measures. An elite athlete was defined as having a Hip Sports Activity Scale (HSAS) level of 7 or 8 before the onset of symptoms. Preoperatively and 5 years after surgery, all athletes completed a web-based questionnaire, including the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (comprising 6 subscales), the EQ-5D and EQ-VAS (European Quality of Life–5 Dimensions Questionnaire and European Quality of Life–Visual Analog Scale), iHOT-12 (International Hip Outcome Tool), a visual analog scale for hip function, and the HSAS. Moreover, patients reported their overall satisfaction with their hip function. Preoperative measurements were compared with the 5-year follow-up. Results: A total of 64 elite athletes (52 men, 12 women) with a mean ± SD age of 24 ± 6 years were included. On average, patients reported a statistically significant and clinically relevant improvement from preoperative patient-reported outcome measures to the 5-year follow-up (P <.0003), Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score subscales (symptoms, 51.7 vs 71.9; pain, 61.0 vs 81.1; function of daily living, 67.1 vs 83.6; function in sports and recreation, 40.0 vs 71.5; participation in physical activity, 25.0 vs 67.4; hip and groin–related quality of life, 34.4 vs 68.0), EQ-5D (0.60 vs 0.83), EQ-VAS (66.1 vs 76.7), and iHOT-12 (40.0 vs 68.8). At the 5-year follow-up, 90.5% reported satisfaction with their overall hip function. In total, 54% still participated in competitive sports (HSAS, 5-8) at follow-up, while 77% had decreased their level. Older patients and patients with longer duration of symptoms reported a significantly lower level of sports activity (HSAS, 0-4; P <.009). Conclusion: Arthroscopic treatment for FAIS in elite athletes results in a statistically significant and clinically relevant improvement regarding symptoms, hip function, quality of life, and pain 5 years after surgery. Approximately half of the cohort was still in competitive sports at follow-up, yet 77% had decreased their level of sports. Nine of 10 patients were satisfied with their surgery.
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| 10. |
- Lindman, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Self-Reported Level of Sports Compared With Objective Data in Athletes With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome
- 2024
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Ingår i: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE. - 0363-5465 .- 1552-3365.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is common among ice hockey and soccer players. To evaluate the prevalence of return to sports after hip arthroscopy or level of sports before surgery, self-reported questionnaires such as the Hip Sports Activity Scale (HSAS) are frequently used. There is a risk of self-reporting bias when using these tools.Purpose: To evaluate how self-reported levels of sports using HSAS correspond to objective data.Study Design: Cohort study, Level of evidence: 3.Method: Ice hockey and soccer players undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAIS between 2011 and 2019 and included in the local hip arthroscopy registry in Gothenburg, Sweden, aged >= 18 years at the time of surgery, with a self-reported HSAS level of 7 or 8 before onset of symptoms, were included. Objective data on level of sports were collected through sports-specific sources (https://football.instatscout.com, https://hockey.instatscout.com, https://www.eliteprospects.com, and Swedish Football Association). Objective data were collected for the corresponding season when the athletes reported their symptom onset. Agreement between subjective and objective data was described using descriptive statistics, and comparison between subgroups was made.Results: A total of 483 athletes met the inclusion criteria: 80 ice hockey and 403 soccer players. The majority were men (90%). The mean age was 26.5 years (SD, 8.3 years). When comparing HSAS level with objective data, 112 athletes (23%) had a correct self-reported HSAS level. Of 251 athletes with a self-reported HSAS level of 8, 76 (30%) had a matching objective HSAS level, and 36 of 232 (16%) athletes with a self-reported HSAS level of 7 had a matching objective HSAS level. Of the erroneous subjective ratings, 98% were higher than the objective data. Athletes reporting a correct HSAS level were younger (24.6 vs 26.4 years; P = .04) and had a shorter symptom duration (18 vs 24 months; P < .001). Ice hockey players scored themselves correctly more often than soccer players (P < .001).Conclusion: Only 23% of athletes undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAIS self-reported an HSAS level before onset of symptoms that was accurate according to the objectively recorded data. The majority self-reported an HSAS level above their correct level of sports. Ice hockey players, younger age, and shorter symptom duration were associated with correct self-assessment.
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