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1.
  • Forslind, B, et al. (author)
  • Assessment of Qualitative and Quantitative Data From Pathological Hairs : A Critical-evaluation of Scanning Electron-microscope and Proton-induced X-ray-emission Analyses
  • 1987
  • In: Scanning Microscopy. - : Scanning Microscopy Int. - 0891-7035. ; 1:1, s. 159-167
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Analysis of single hair fibres in genetic disorders is a desirable complement to the clinical diagnosis. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) allows detailed study of the surface morphology of hair fibres which may explain some mechanical characteristics of the pathological hair. Quantitative elemental data may indicate biochemical or metabolic abnormalities. In this preliminary study we assess the feasibility of combining SEM and proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis on single hair fibres from 12 cases of genetic disease influencing the integument status. We conclude that SEM is a valuable tool in the analysis of hair pathology. The macro-PIXE technique involves some methodological and technical problems which in many cases are likely to be solved by using a proton microbeam. However, this means that routine methods have to be abandoned and careful selection of the material for analysis is an imperative necessity.
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2.
  • Forslind, Bo, et al. (author)
  • Human skin physiology studied by particle probe microanalysis
  • 1995
  • In: Scanning Microscopy. - 0891-7035. ; 9:4, s. 1011-1025
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Particle probe methods (electron probe and proton probe X-ray microanalysis) have been applied to investigate the distribution of elements and water over the different layers of the epidermis. For major elements, electron probe X-ray microanalysis (XRMA) provides the advantage of superior spatial resolution, but for trace element analysis the more sensitive proton probe (particle induced X-ray emission, PIXE) analysis has to be used. On a dry weight basis, the concentration of S is rather constant across the epidermis, whereas the concentrations of P, K, Cl and Na show gradients with high levels in stratum germinativum (basale) and stratum spinosum but low levels in the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum. Essentially, Fe and Zn are confined to the basal region in normal skin. The concentration of Ca, however, increased steadily from the basal region to the stratum corneum. The probe technique allows quantitative analysis of stratum-specific changes in elemental content in a variety of pathological conditions, e.g., changes induced by nickel, detergents and other chemicals, or in psoriatic skin. Of particular interest are findings of increased Fe and Zn in non-involved psoriatic skin. Since the different layers of the skin have different elemental concentrations and react differently under pathological conditions, the probe techniques are far superior to bulk chemical analysis in elucidating physiological and pathological processes in the skin.
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  • Result 1-4 of 4

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