| 1. |
- Brännström, Lars, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Primary and Secondary Effects on Long‐Term Educational Outcomes of Individuals with Experience of Child Welfare Interventions
- 2021
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In: Child Abuse Review. - : Wiley. - 0952-9136 .- 1099-0852. ; 30:1, s. 48-61
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is well known that individuals with experience of child welfare interventions – here conceptualised as placement in out‐of‐home care (OHC) – tend to have substantially poorer educational outcomes compared to their peers. Numerous explanatory factors have been proposed but few have been informed by mainstream sociological research into educational stratification. Through the lens of primary (ability‐driven explanations) and secondary (choice‐based explanations, conditional on educational performance) effects on social background differentials in educational attainment, longitudinal data from more than 14 000 Swedes (of which around 9% have been placed in OHC) were used to estimate the relative importance of these two basic explanatory processes. Results from decomposition analyses suggest that the secondary effect is the key driver in creating differentials in midlife educational attainment among individuals of different social origins. Such impacts were found to be even stronger in the OHC population. Interventions aimed at improving educational performance in children with experience of OHC may not sufficiently reduce educational inequalities across the life course if choice‐based explanations are not addressed.
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| 2. |
- Ellonen, N, et al.
(author)
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Current parantal attitudes towards upbringing practices in Finland and Sweden thirty years afer the ban on corporal punishment
- 2015
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In: Child Abuse Review. - : Wiley. - 0952-9136 .- 1099-0852. ; 24:6, s. 409-417
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thirty years have now passed since Sweden and Finland, as the first countries in the world, enacted national legislation against corporal punishment. This study examines the current attitudes towards corporal punishment among Finnish and Swedish parents of newborn to 12-year-old children. Differences between the countries in parents’ attitudes towards upbringing practices in relation to socio-demographic background factors were also analysed. The study was based on identical survey data collected separately in Finland and Sweden in 2011 and later merged for analysis. The survey included questions regarding parental behaviour and attitudes towards upbringing practices. Data were analysed using univariate tests (chi-2) and logistic regression. The analysis showed that a significantly larger proportion of Finnish parents approved of slapping or hitting their children compared to Swedish parents (OR = 6.20). Swedish parents, on the other hand, approved of shaking more than Finnish parents (OR = 0.54). Furthermore, a larger proportion of Finnish parents had positive attitudes towards non-violent types of punishments compared to Swedish parents. The socio-demographic background factors did not explain the differences between the countries. Cultural factors that may plausibly influence these attitudes are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Ellonen, Noora, et al.
(author)
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Current Parental Attitudes Towards Upbringing Practices in Finland and Sweden 30 Years after the Ban on Corporal Punishment
- 2015
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In: Child Abuse Review. - : Wiley. - 0952-9136 .- 1099-0852. ; 24:6, s. 409-417
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thirty years have now passed since Sweden and Finland, as the first countries in the world, enacted national legislation against corporal punishment. This study examines the current attitudes towards corporal punishment among Finnish and Swedish parents of newborn to 12-year-old children. Differences between the countries in parents' attitudes towards upbringing practices in relation to socio-demographic background factors were also analysed. The study was based on identical survey data collected separately in Finland and Sweden in 2011 and later merged for analysis. The survey included questions regarding parental behaviour and attitudes towards upbringing practices. Data were analysed using univariate tests (chi-2) and logistic regression. The analysis showed that a significantly larger proportion of Finnish parents approved of slapping or hitting their children compared to Swedish parents (OR = 6.20). Swedish parents, on the other hand, approved of shaking more than Finnish parents (OR = 0.54). Furthermore, a larger proportion of Finnish parents had positive attitudes towards non-violent types of punishments compared to Swedish parents. The socio-demographic background factors did not explain the differences between the countries. Cultural factors that may plausibly influence these attitudes are discussed. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 4. |
- Ellonen, Noora, et al.
(author)
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Parents' Self-Reported Use of Corporal Punishment and Other Humiliating Upbringing Practices in Finland and Sweden : A Comparative Study
- 2017
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In: Child Abuse Review. - Hoboken, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 0952-9136 .- 1099-0852. ; 26:4, s. 289-304
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sweden and Finland were the first countries to ban corporal punishment 30years ago. Since then, the prevalence of attitudes supporting the use of corporal punishment and the practice itself have decreased. This study examines the current frequencies of corporal punishment and other humiliating upbringing practices in Finnish and Swedish families. The analysis is based on survey data among 3170 Finnish and 1358 Swedish parents with children from newborn to 12years of age. Data were analysed using univariate tests (chi-square) and logistic regression. According to the analysis, a larger proportion of Finnish parents, and especially mothers, use humiliating upbringing practices compared to Swedish parents. This difference is not found with regard to corporal punishment. A larger proportion of Finnish parents push their children compared to Swedish parents, while a larger proportion of Swedish parents shake their children. In both countries, corporal punishment is more frequently used by fathers, boys are more often victimised than girls, toddlers are more often exposed to corporal punishment and school-age children are more often subjected to psychologically abusive practices. Corporal punishment and other humiliating upbringing practices are strongly correlated in both countries. The differences found between countries were not explained by socio-demographic factors.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Maria, 1969-
(author)
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Girls and boys as victims : Social workers’ approaches to children exposed to violence
- 2009
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In: Child Abuse Review. - Chichester : Wiley. - 0952-9136 .- 1099-0852. ; 18:6, s. 428-445
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article explores what notions of the child, victim, girlhood and boyhood may mean for social workers' approaches to children 'witnessing' or being exposed to violence. The discussion draws on qualitative interviews with children who have participated in social services' investigations regulated by Swedish family law. The analytical framework combines a care perspective focused on the vulnerable position of children exposed to violence, and a rights/participation perspective focusing on children's agency and rights to participation. Drawing on children's narratives, it is shown how social workers create at least four different victim positions for children in the investigation process: protected victim, invisible victim, unprotected victim and victim with participation. Thereafter, it is discussed how child positions and social work approaches may be linked to a wider cultural context, in particular notions of 'ideal' victims, age and gender.
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| 8. |
- Haque, M. Atiqul, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Child Maltreatment Portrayed in Bangladeshi Newspapers
- 2020
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In: Child Abuse Review. - : WILEY. - 0952-9136 .- 1099-0852. ; 29:5, s. 448-462
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As in most low-income countries, there is a lack of scientific information on the incidence and pattern of child maltreatment (CM) in Bangladesh. However, the role of the media to disclose CM and to develop public awareness in society is noteworthy. The present study assessed newspaper reports about CM by type and socio-demographics of victims and perpetrators in Bangladesh. In total, 790 news articles were collected retrospectively from four Bengali- and two English-language newspapers from October to December 2014. Among all reported incidents, almost half of the CM cases concerned alleged physical abuse (26%) and sexual abuse (22%). Neglect and emotional or psychological abuse received less coverage. Female children were to a high degree (90%) victims of sexual abuse. The main perpetrators were males, and they were often known to the victims. Approximately 32 per cent of the reported abuse cases resulted in death and were related to rape, family violence, administrative negligence, abduction and ransom demand. Some of these deaths were suicides. News stories concerning CM were often reported in an unethical way by identifying the victim and not respecting child rights. Further, the stories seldom discussed the individual or social consequences of CM, or how maltreatment could be prevented. 'The present study assessed newspaper reports about CM by type and socio-demographics of victims and perpetrators in Bangladesh' Key Practitioner Messages The main types of reported cases of CM in Bangladeshi print media are physical abuse and sexual abuse, and there is a high proportion of fatal consequences. The perpetrators are often known to the victims. The identity of the victim is frequently reported, potentially putting the child at risk and violating child rights. Bangladeshi print media seldom discusses individual or societal consequences of CM, or how it could be prevented.
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| 9. |
- Jernbro, Carolina, et al.
(author)
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Disclosure of Child Physical Abuse and Perceived Adult Support among Swedish Adolescents
- 2017
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In: Child Abuse Review. - : Wiley. - 0952-9136 .- 1099-0852. ; 26:6, s. 451-464
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Compared to child sexual abuse (CSA), little is known about disclosure of child physical abuse (CPA). Enhancing the understanding of the characteristics of disclosure is necessary for improved child protection. The aim of the present study was to examine disclosure of CPA and perceived adult support using both quantitative and qualitative data from a survey of child maltreatment carried out among a nationally representative sample of Swedish adolescents (n = 3202). We found that adolescents who experienced any child maltreatment (CPA, emotional abuse, neglect and witnessing intimate partner violence) were less likely to be able to identify an adult confidant compared to those without a history of abuse. Among the adolescents who reported severe CPA, 52 per cent had disclosed the abuse and the most frequent recipient of disclosure was a peer or sibling. Eleven per cent had disclosed to professionals within school, child protective services or law enforcement. Lack of trust in adults appeared to be the most prominent reason for non- disclosure. Several adolescents who had disclosed abuse to professionals perceived an ineffective response, primarily because of professionals' lack of a child perspective. Some respondents experienced supportive interventions, specifically from school social workers. These patterns showed close similarity to disclosure of CSA.
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| 10. |
- Jernbro, Carolina, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Disclosure of maltreatment and perceived adult support among Swedish adolescents
- 2017
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In: Child Abuse Review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0952-9136 .- 1099-0852. ; 26:6, s. 451-464
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Compared to child sexual abuse (CSA), little is known about disclosure of child physical abuse (CPA). Enhancing the understanding of the characteristics of disclosure is necessary for improved child protection. The aim of the present study was to examine disclosure of CPA and perceived adult support using both quantitative and qualitative data from a survey of child maltreatment carried out among a nationally representative sample of Swedish adolescents (n = 3202). We found that adolescents who experienced any child maltreatment (CPA, emotional abuse, neglect and witnessing intimate partner violence) were less likely to be able to identify an adult confidant compared to those without a history of abuse. Among the adolescents who reported severe CPA, 52 per cent had disclosed the abuse and the most frequent recipient of disclosure was a peer or sibling. Eleven per cent had disclosed to professionals within school, child protective services or law enforcement. Lack of trust in adults appeared to be the most prominent reason for non- disclosure. Several adolescents who had disclosed abuse to professionals perceived an ineffective response, primarily because of professionals' lack of a child perspective. Some respondents experienced supportive interventions, specifically from school social workers. These patterns showed close similarity to disclosure of CSA.
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