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- Häggman, M, et al.
(author)
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Morphometric studies of intra-prostatic volume relationships in localized prostatic cancer
- 1997
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In: British Journal of Urology. - : BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD. - 0007-1331 .- 1365-2176. ; 80:4, s. 612-617
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives To further characterize patterns of tumour growth and the distribution of markers for the aggressiveness of prostate cancer by assessing the relationships among the volume of the 'index' tumour and that of the remaining foci, with pathological
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- Jahnson, S, et al.
(author)
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Extent of blood transfusion and cancer-related mortality after cystectomy and urinary diversion for bladder cancer
- 1994
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In: British Journal of Urology. - : BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD. - 0007-1331 .- 1365-2176. ; 74:6, s. 779-784
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:To assess the possible adverse effect of peri-operative blood transfusion on cancer-related survival after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.PATIENTS AND METHODS:The hospital records of 130 patients treated with cystectomy and urinary diversion for bladder cancer between 1967 and 1986 were retrospectively reviewed.RESULTS:Standard proportional hazards estimation revealed tumour stage and radiation response after pre-operative irradiation to be significantly associated with cancer-related mortality, whereas age, tumour grade or the extent of peri-operative blood transfusion were not. In models which allowed time varying effects a significantly changed effect of blood transfusion (> or = 7 versus < or = 6 units) was observed, from an initially insignificantly increased relative hazard (RH) (RH = 1.44 at 6 months) to an insignificantly decreased effect after longer follow-up (RH = 0.53 after 2 years).CONCLUSION:Although no overall association between blood transfusion and cancer-related mortality was found, a tendency towards an increased risk early in the follow-up period was observed if more than 6 units were transfused. However, these results need confirmation in further studies before a restrictive attitude towards peri-operative blood transfusion is recommended.
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- Letocha, H, et al.
(author)
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Positron emission tomography with L-methyl-11C-methionine in the monitoring of therapy response in muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder
- 1994
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In: British Journal of Urology. - 0007-1331 .- 1365-2176. ; 74:6, s. 767-774
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether positron emission tomography (PET) with L-methyl-11C-methionine as a tracer could be used for diagnostic purposes and for evaluation of therapy in patients with varying stages of urinary bladder cancer treated with chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: PET was employed in 44 separate examinations involving 29 patients (24 men and five women with a median age of 68 years [mean 66, range 47-78]) with localized or metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. In four patients PET examinations were performed prior to the commencement of chemotherapy, and after one course and after three courses. RESULTS: The diagnostic accuracy of PET was poor. The technique did not monitor the therapeutic effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, producing results that correlated with therapy outcome. PET identified those patients who responded less successfully to therapy. CONCLUSION: PET with L-methyl-11C-methionine demonstrates alterations in tumour metabolism long before visible changes appear on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Further work is required to develop more specific tracers.
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- Svensson, Lovisa, et al.
(author)
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The effect of nitric oxide on adherence of P-fimbriated uropathogenic Escherichia coli to human renal epithelial cells
- 2010
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In: BJU International. - Malden, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 105:12, s. 1726-1731
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To examine the effect of nitric oxide (NO), an endogenous component of the host defence in urinary tract infection, on the adherence of P-fimbriated uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) to human renal epithelial cells.Materials and Methods: Two wild-type UPEC strains (AD110 and IA2) and the P-fimbriated recombinant strain HB101pPIL-75 were used. Bacteria were allowed to adhere to the human renal epithelial cell line A498 and attachment was evaluated in the absence or presence of the NO donor DETA/NONOate (1 mm). Total RNA was extracted from NO-exposed bacteria in static urine cultures, followed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of the papG gene that encodes the P-fimbriae adhesin PapG.Results: Bacterial adherence to A498 cells was fimbriae-dependent and the ability to agglutinate human P-1 positive erythrocytes confirmed that the used strains were P-fimbriated. UPEC strains AD110 and IA2 attached by a mean of 8 bacteria/cell and 20 bacteria/cell, respectively. In the presence of DETA/NONOate, the attachment of AD110 and IA2 to A498 cells was significantly reduced by a mean (sem) of 34 (3.9)% and 45 (14)%, respectively. The expression of papG was decreased after DETA/NONOate exposure as shown by semiquantitative RT-PCR.Conclusion: NO disrupted functional adhesion of P-fimbriated UPEC to kidney epithelial cells, suggesting that NO-production from epithelial cells in the urinary tract may limit bacterial colonization at the mucosal surface. The reduced adherence may involve transcriptional effects of NO on papG expression, but further studies are needed to establish the underlying mechanisms.
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- Soveri, Inga, et al.
(author)
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Kidney function and discrimination of cardiovascular risk in middle-aged men
- 2009
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In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 266:4, s. 406-413
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectiveTo define the optimal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) cut off for discriminating the risk of myocardial infarction or cardiovascular death.DesignProspective longitudinal observational study.SettingA community-based cohort.ParticipantsA total of 2176 nondiabetic 50-year-old men without cardiovascular disease.MethodsThe men were followed until age 70. GFR was estimated at baseline using the Cockcroft–Gault formula. The optimal GFR cut-off points for discriminating risk of a fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death were defined as the GFR levels maximizing integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).Main outcome measuresFatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death.ResultsDuring follow-up, 264 men experienced a fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction, and 218 died of cardiovascular disease. The IDI-defined optimal GFR cut offs in this study were 98 mL min−1 for discriminating myocardial infarction risk and 92 mL min−1 for discriminating risk of cardiovascular death. In Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for established risk factors, the myocardial infarction risk was substantially higher in men with GFR below versus above 98 mL min−1 [hazard ratio (HR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3–2.3, P < 0.001], and the risk of cardiovascular death was doubled in men with GFR below versus above 92 mL min−1 (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5–3.0, P < 0.001).ConclusionThe GFR cut-off point for optimal discrimination of cardiovascular risk in the general population may be higher than previously suggested.
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