| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Rikard, et al.
(författare)
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Institutional trust and emergency preparedness : Perceptions of Covid 19 crisis management in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0966-0879 .- 1468-5973. ; 30:4, s. 481-491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Covid 19 pandemic has put the issue of public trust at the centre of political analysis. This article inquires into the level of public trust in Sweden concerning current crisis management as well as preparedness for future crises. The empirical basis for this study consists of unique data generated through two surveys on the Covid 19 virus conducted during 2020 in Sweden. Respondents were asked to assess their trust in different actors' crisis management. In addition, the first survey asked about how the actions of different actors impact on the forward-oriented trust held in Swedish emergency preparedness for a future severe crisis. Four key findings stand out. First, the results display rather weak levels of interpersonal trust. Second, a surprisingly high level of institutional trust can be found during the initial phase of the pandemic. Simultaneously we see somewhat decreasing levels of trust later during the pandemic. The results include interesting variations across age, gender and education. Third, relating the results to earlier research on trust in Sweden, the results contain indications of stable trust levels despite the all but stable contextual conditions. Fourth, the analysis shows important variations in trust levels among different institutions and layers of government.
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| 2. |
- Deverell, Edward, 1971-
(författare)
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Professionalization of crisis management : A case study of local‐level crisis communicators in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0966-0879 .- 1468-5973. ; 29:2, s. 131-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study applies an institutional profession perspective on a significant crisis management actor in an aim to deepen the understanding of collaborative crisis management work and practices. The study argues that a professions perspective holds a key to approaching interagency gaps in status and influence, which tend to affect collaborative crisis management negatively. Empirically the study is based on 19 interviews with local crisis communicators in Sweden. Findings indicate that, in terms of internal collaboration, limited knowledge among organizational members about the role and skills of crisis communicators require communicators to spend time and resources on ‘promoting’ their competence within the organization. Regarding inter‐organizational collaboration, the study shows that the closer a communication officer works to the spatial place of the crisis and to the rescue service, the higher the status of the communication officer. Interestingly enough, relations seem to go both ways as emergency service personnel can also be empowered by becoming more skillful communicators.
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| 3. |
- Bergström, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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A Complexity Framework for Studying Disaster Response Management
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : Wiley. - 1468-5973 .- 0966-0879. ; 24:3, s. 124-135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Guided by complexity theory, in this article, we argue that a complex understanding of disaster response management can be achieved by making multiple, transparent and modest interpretations. We suggest an analytical framework in which multiple system interpretations are constructed, all based on explicit analytical choices according to three aspects: (1) system dimension, (2) system scope and (3) system resolution. We apply the framework to a major Swedish forest fire and conclude that direction and coordination as system properties, emerging at a macro level, are the result of interplay between various patterns of influences. These patterns, we argue, can be constructed and analysed through a complexity framework allowing for the construction, and contrasting, of multiple system interpretations.
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| 4. |
- Cedergren, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Critical infrastructures and the tragedy of the commons dilemma : Implications from institutional restructuring on reliability and safety
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : Wiley. - 0966-0879 .- 1468-5973. ; 27:4, s. 282-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through the influence of neoliberal ideas, many critical infrastructures that used to be under public ownership have been opened up for market competition. Using the Swedish railway system as a case, this paper empirically explores whether such reforms have given rise to common-pool resource problems, and discusses possible implications. The results show that institutional restructuring has created challenges related to balancing the use of the infrastructure with a sufficient level of maintenance. The paper concludes that the main value of analysing critical infrastructures from the perspective of common-pool resources is the possibility of juxtaposing the way organizational and institutional interactions across scales generate both short-term gains and long-term negative side effects influencing reliability and safety.
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| 5. |
- Pramanik, Roshni, et al.
(författare)
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Organizational Adaptation in Multi-Stakeholder Crisis Response : An Experimental Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : Wiley. - 0966-0879 .- 1468-5973. ; 23:4, s. 234-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern day crises demand organizations to collaborate and adapt to new roles, functions and structures. In such situations, lack of collaborative behaviour and openness between organizations can result in reduced adaptive ability. Therefore, it is important to facilitate collaboration between organizations. We have studied the extent to which crisis managers are prepared to work with personnel and resources from organizations other than their own when responding to crises. An experiment was designed with four different organizations in Sweden, which involved decision making concerning whether the participants systematically favoured their own organization over others. Findings indicate that increasing familiarity and expectation of future cooperation with other organizations increased the likelihood that decision makers would be prepared to work with other organizations in joint crisis management.
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| 6. |
- Backman, Sarah, 1992-
(författare)
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Conceptualizing cyber crises
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : Wiley. - 0966-0879 .- 1468-5973. ; 29:4, s. 429-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite its rising relevance, the cyber crisis is a largely unexplored phenomenon empirically and conceptually. This article suggests that cyber crises can be understood specifically as transboundary crises. Through the comparative analysis of two cases of cyber crises, Estonia 2007 and UK 2017, the study investigates whether the time gap and the difference in cyberattack type between the cases (untargeted ransom-ware vs. targeted DDoS) correlate with variation in transboundary crisis features and crisis management challenges during the performance of central crisis management tasks in the national settings of the cases. The analysis identifies some variation be-tween the cases in terms of transboundary crisis features but finds that the cases entailed similar prominent crisis management challenges during the performance of central crisis management tasks. Implications are discussed in terms of how to advance our understanding of cyber crises and the practical strategic management requirements they entail.
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| 7. |
- Backman, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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The European Union's capacities for managing crises
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : Wiley. - 0966-0879 .- 1468-5973. ; 26:2, s. 261-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article draws on a comprehensive new data set of crisis management capacities at the European Union level to highlight key patterns in their development and use. Organised within the categories of detection, sense-making, decision-making, coordination, meaning-making, communication, and accountability, the data show considerable accumulation of capacities in detection and sense-making, while decision-making capacities lag behind. We find that most capacities are sector-oriented rather than cross-sectoral, and reside primarily within the European Commission rather than other EU institutions. Comparing the data to previous studies, we note that capacities overall are increasing and some are undergoing evolution; for example, horizon-scanning tools once limited to collecting information have increasingly been given an analytical, information enrichment function akin to sense-making.
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| 8. |
- Brynielsson, Joel, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Informing crisis alerts using social media : Best practices and proof of concept
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : WILEY. - 0966-0879 .- 1468-5973. ; 26:1, s. 28-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social media has become an integrated part of human communication, both as a means to establish and maintain social relationships, and as a means of sharing and co-creating information. Social media comes with an array of possibilities for individuals as well as organizations, corporations, and authorities. Within the field of crisis communication, social media possibilities such as online sharing and social networking have had an impact on the way crisis information is disseminated and updated. This paper addresses the issues related to using social media for communicating crisis information and broadcasting alert messages to the general population, discusses the role of social media in future pan-European crisis alerting, and presents a prototype system demonstrating the possibilities. An extensive systematic literature review was carried out to identify factors that affect the use of social media for alerting and warning. These factors were mirrored in experiences, collected through interviews, obtained by emergency management organizations in three European countries (Sweden, Czech Republic, and Spain). The factors finally form the basis for suggestions and recommendations regarding the design of technological tools for both communication and information collection to serve as an integral part of a future pan-European crisis alerting system.
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| 9. |
- Fasth, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Crisis management as practice in small- and medium-sized enterprises during the first period of COVID-19
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : Wiley. - 0966-0879 .- 1468-5973. ; 30:2, s. 113-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article draws attention to the social context and working methods in crisis management. Based on 1000 interviews with business leaders in Swedish small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), we analyze crisis management in practice and ask: What social contexts do business leaders use in crisis management, and what working methods do they rely on? Most companies in this study do not have any form of crisis group; rather, they deal with issues reactively as they occur. Few of the companies work continuously with a crisis plan and only slightly more than half of those that have crisis plans report that it has been helpful in dealing with the COVID-19 situation. The study concludes that Swedish SMEs seem reliant upon a process that has an emerging nature whereby decisions are largely based on gut feeling. However, the companies in our sample that experienced a significant revenue decline due to the COVID-19 situation report that they employ a more centralized and deductive approach with reports and documents as a basis for their work. The study contributes to a developed understanding of how crisis management works in practice.
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| 10. |
- Granholm, Martina, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Information sharing during cross‐border collaboration from a dialect continua perspective
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : Wiley. - 0966-0879 .- 1468-5973.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emergencies sometimes cross the borders of nations making information sharing over national borders essential in emergency management. This type of information sharing is often mediated by some kind of technology. However, appropriate and efficient cross‐border communication is more than providing technology to mediate information exchange. This study note focuses on emergency services experience of terrestrial trunked radio (TETRA)‐mediated cross‐border communication across the Norwegian–Swedish border. We applied the theory of dialect continua to analyse how people from different dialect areas understood each other. The study was based upon data gathered from semi‐structured interviews. The findings show that indeed the technological solutions had opened up new opportunities for crossborder communication but that during stressful conditions, the language differences between Norwegian and Swedish could lead to misunderstandings.
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