| 1. |
- Agnafors, Marcus
(author)
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Quality of Government : Toward a More Complex Definition
- 2013
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In: American Political Science Review. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 107:3, s. 433-445
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Concepts such as “quality of government” and “good governance” refer to a desired character of the exercise of public authority. Recently the interest in good governance, the quality of government, and similar concepts has increased considerably. However, despite this increasing interest and use, an adequate definition of the concept of quality of government has proved difficult to find. This article criticizes recent attempts at such a definition and proposes an alternative, more complex definition that includes moral content and also encompasses a plurality of values and virtues at its core. An acceptable definition of the quality of governance must be consistent with the demands of a public ethos, the virtues of good decision making and reason giving, the rule of law, efficiency, stability, and a principle of beneficence. The article describes these components in detail and the relations among them.
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| 2. |
- Alker, Hayward R.
(author)
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The Dialectical Logic of Thucydides’ Melian Dialogue
- 1988
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In: The American Political Science Review. - : American Political Science Association, Cambridge University Press. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 82:3, s. 805-820
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- If the realist tradition has underappreciated the formalizable quality of Thucydides’ scientific investigations, neorealist teachers and writers have generally failed to see the normative and dramatical features of Thucydides’ political science, each an expression of his dialectical epistemology and ontology. Nicholas Rescher’s partial formalization of dialectics as a controversy-oriented approach to knowledge cumulation and Kenneth Burke’s dramaturgical approach to textual understanding are both shown to fit Thucydides’ argumentation in the Melian dialogue. Thus argumentation produces new knowledge about the inner determinants of Athenian imperialism; simultaneously it dramatically reveals the constituting practical rationale of Athenian actions to be unjust. Once Thucydides’ determining essences of power politics are properly uncovered, their false eternal, mathematical necessity can be appropriately criticized. A case is thus suggested for a neoclassical polimetrics more fundamentally grounded in political argumentation about practical choices in particular contexts than in ahistorical laws, inductive statistics or deductive mathematics.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Workplace Contact and Support for Anti-Immigration Parties
- 2021
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In: American Political Science Review. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 115:4, s. 1159-1174
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- How does an increased presence of immigrants in the workplace affect anti-immigration voting behavior? While cooperative interactions between natives and immigrants can reduce intergroup prejudice, immigrant coworkers might be regarded as a threat to native-born workers’ labor market position. We combine detailed Swedish workplace data with precinct-level election outcomes for a large anti-immigration party (the Sweden Democrats) to study how the share of non-Europeans in the workplace affects opposition to immigration. We show that the share of non-Europeans in the workplace has a negative effect on support for the Sweden Democrats and that this effect is solely driven by same-skill contact in small workplaces. We interpret these results as supporting the so-called contact hypothesis: that increased interactions with minorities can reduce opposition to immigration among native-born voters, which, in turn, leads to lower support for anti-immigration parties.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Arrington, N. A.N.C.Y., et al.
(author)
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Constitutional Reform and the Gender Diversification of Peak Courts
- 2021
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In: American Political Science Review. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 115:3, s. 851-868
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Do the processes states use to select judges for peak courts influence gender diversity? Scholars have debated whether concentrating appointment power in a single individual or diffusing appointment power across many individuals best promotes gender diversification. Others have claimed that the precise structure of the process matters less than fundamental changes in the process. We clarify these theoretical mechanisms, derive testable implications concerning the appointment of the first woman to a state's highest court, and then develop a matched-pair research design within a Rosenbaum permutation approach to observational studies. Using a global sample beginning in 1970, we find that constitutional change to the judicial selection process decreases the time until the appointment of the first woman justice. These results reflect claims that point to institutional disruptions as critical drivers of gender diversity on important political posts.
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| 6. |
- Bjarnegård, Elin, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Armed Violence and Patriarchal Values : A Survey of Young Men in Thailand and Their Military Experiences
- 2023
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In: American Political Science Review. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 117:2, s. 439-453
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- What is the relationship between armed violence and patriarchal values? This question is addressed with the help of a survey of young men in the conflict-affected southern provinces of Thailand. In Study 1 we find that men with more patriarchal values are more prone to volunteer for paramilitary service. Study 2 uses a natural experiment made possible by the conscription lottery in Thailand to compare survey responses of men who were involuntarily enlisted to do Military Conscription Service (treatment group) with the responses of men who participated in the lottery but were not enlisted (control group). We find no difference between the treatment and control groups in patriarchal values. We conclude that patriarchal values drive voluntary participation in armed conflict, whereas military service as a conscript in a conflict zone does not cause patriarchal values.
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| 7. |
- Bjarnegård, Elin, et al.
(author)
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Armed Violence and Patriarchal Values: A Survey of Young Men in Thailand and Their Military Experiences
- 2023
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In: American Political Science Review. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1537-5943 .- 0003-0554. ; 117:2, s. 439-453
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- What is the relationship between armed violence and patriarchal values? This question is addressed with the help of a survey of young men in the conflict-affected southern provinces of Thailand. In Study 1 we find that men with more patriarchal values are more prone to volunteer for paramilitary service. Study 2 uses a natural experiment made possible by the conscription lottery in Thailand to compare survey responses of men who were involuntarily enlisted to do Military Conscription Service (treatment group) with the responses of men who participated in the lottery but were not enlisted (control group). We find no difference between the treatment and control groups in patriarchal values. We conclude that patriarchal values drive voluntary participation in armed conflict, whereas military service as a conscript in a conflict zone does not cause patriarchal values.
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| 8. |
- Clayton, Amanda, et al.
(author)
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Gender and Party Discipline : Evidence from Africa's Emerging Party Systems
- 2021
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In: American Political Science Review. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 115:3, s. 869-884
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Are men and women legislators equally loyal to their parties? We theorize that parties select candidates based on gendered criteria, leading to the (s)election of more disciplined women. Moreover, we argue that gendered expectations about proper behavior limit women legislators' ability to act independently from their parties. Using surveys from over 800 parliamentarians across 17 African legislatures, we find that women report significantly higher levels of party discipline than do their men copartisans. From this survey data and new legislative speech data, we also find support for our proposed causal mechanisms. Further, we find that among women parliamentarians, party discipline is negatively correlated with the prioritization of womens rights. A qualitative case study of the Namibian Parliament illustrates our findings. We discuss the implications of our results for women's legislative effectiveness, for the substantive representation of women's interests in policy making, and for the continued democratization of emerging party systems.
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| 9. |
- Dahlberg, Matz, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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On the Vote Purchasing Behavior of Incumbent Governments
- 2002
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In: American Political Science Review. - : Cambridge. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 96:1, s. 27-40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we investigate whether there are any tactical motives behind the distribution of grants from central to lower level governments. We use a temporary grant program that is uniquely suitable for testing theories of vote-purchasing behavior of incumbent governments. The temporary grant program differs from traditional intergovernmental grants in several aspects, most importantly in the sovereign decision making power given to the incumbent central government. We find support for the hypothesis that the incumbent government used the grant program under study in order to win votes. In particular, we find strong support for the Lindbeck-Weibull/Dixit-Londregan model in which parties distribute transfers to regions where there are many swing voters. This result is statistically as well as economically significant. We do however not find any support for the model that predicts that the incumbent government transfers money to its own supporters.
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| 10. |
- Dancygier, Rafaela M., et al.
(author)
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Why Are Immigrants Underrepresented in Politics? Evidence from Sweden
- 2015
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In: American Political Science Review. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 109:4, s. 703-724
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Widespread and persistent political underrepresentation of immigrant-origin minorities poses deep challenges to democratic practice and norms. What accounts for this underrepresentation? Two types of competing explanations are prevalent in the literature: accounts that base minority underrepresentation on individual-level resources and accounts that emphasize political opportunity structures. However, due to the lack of data suitable for testing these explanations, existing research has not been able to adjudicate between these theories. Using registry-based microdata covering the entire Swedish adult population between 1991 and 2010 our study is the first to empirically evaluate these alternative explanations. We examine election outcomes to municipal councils over the course of six elections and find that variation in individual-level resources cannot explain immigrants' underrepresentation. Further, when comparing immigrants and natives who face comparable political opportunity structures a large representation gap remains. Instead, we argue that discrimination by party gatekeepers plays a more significant role in perpetuating the underrepresentation of immigrants than do individual resources or structural variables.
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