| 1. |
- Angelov, Nikolay, et al.
(author)
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COVID-19 and income inequality : evidence from monthly population registers
- 2023
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In: Journal of Economic Inequality. - : Springer. - 1569-1721 .- 1573-8701. ; 21:2, s. 351-379
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We measure the distributional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic using newly released population register data in Sweden. Monthly earnings inequality increased during the pandemic, and the key driver is income losses among low-paid individuals while middle- and high-income earners were almost unaffected. In terms of employment, as measured by having positive monthly earnings, the pandemic had a larger negative impact on private-sector workers and on women. In terms of earnings conditional on being employed, the effect was still more negative for women, but less negative for private-sector workers compared to publicly employed. Using data on individual take-up of government COVID-19 support, we show that policy significantly dampened the inequality increase, but did not fully offset it. Annual total market income inequality, which also includes capital income and taxable transfers, shows similar patterns of increasing inequality during the pandemic. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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| 2. |
- Bastani, Spencer, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Political preferences for redistribution in Sweden
- 2017
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In: Journal of Economic Inequality. - : Springer. - 1569-1721 .- 1573-8701. ; 15:4, s. 345-367
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We examine preferences for redistribution inherent in Swedish tax policy during 1971-2012 using the inverse optimal tax approach. The income distribution is carefully characterized with the help of administrative register data, and we employ behavioral elasticities reflecting the perceived distortionary effects of taxation. The revealed social welfare weights are high for non-workers, small for low-income earners, and hump-shaped around the median. At the top, they are always negative, especially so during the high-tax years of the 1970s and '80s. The weights on non-workers increased sharply in the 1970s, fell drastically in the late '80s and early '90s, and have since then increased.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Christensen, Mads Lybech, et al.
(author)
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Income developments in the great recession : status for the Danish prime-age working population a decade following the onset of the Financial Crisis
- 2023
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In: Journal of Economic Inequality. - 1569-1721 .- 1573-8701.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To assess the impact of the Financial Crisis and the Great Recession in Denmark this paper studies developments in Danish labor market income and disposable income from 1995 through 2019. We focus on the prime age working population of 25-54-year-old Danish citizens, with emphasis on labor market performance of the younger and less educated members of this labor force. The recession had a large and long-lasting impact on labor market earnings. Young individuals and, especially, those with least education suffered the largest setbacks to earnings developments. Disposable income was not affected in a similar way. Welfare state transfers and lower taxes softened the impact on disposable income, while the unprecedentedly low lending-rates and tax reform also elevated consumption possibilities. Tracking economic activity of the youngest cohorts after the onset of the Financial Crisis we find that catching up to earnings levels of previous cohorts took on average 8 years. For young men the setback to earnings was larger and catching-up slower. A decade following the onset of the Financial Crisis around 20% of young men, pertaining to the bottom of the earnings distribution, had still not caught up to the earnings of previous cohorts.
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| 5. |
- Harbo Hansen, Niels-Jakob, et al.
(author)
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Gender disparities in top earnings : measurement and facts for Denmark 1980-2013
- 2021
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In: Journal of Economic Inequality. - : Springer Nature. - 1569-1721 .- 1573-8701. ; 19:2, s. 347-362
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Extending the work of Atkinson et al. (J. Econ. Inequal. 16, 225-256, 2018), we decompose top-earnings gender disparities into a glass-ceiling coefficient and a top-earnings gender gap. The decomposition uses that both male and female top earnings are Pareto distributed. If interpreting top-earnings gender disparities as caused by a female-specific earnings tax, the top-earnings gender gap and glass-ceiling coefficient measure the tax level and tax progressivity, respectively. Using Danish data on earnings, we show that the top-earnings gender gap and the glass-ceiling coefficient evolve differently across time, the life cycle, and educational groups. In particular, while the top-earnings gender gap has been decreasing in Denmark over the period 1980-2013, the glass-ceiling coefficient has been remarkably stable.
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| 6. |
- Jäntti, Markus, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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The impact of macroeconomic conditions on income inequality
- 2010
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In: Journal of Economic Inequality. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1569-1721 .- 1573-8701. ; 8:2, s. 221-240
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper analyzes the relationship between macroeconomic factors and the income distribution using data on equivalized disposable household income from the United Kingdom for 1961–99. We argue in favour of fitting a parametric functional form to the income distribution for each year, and then modeling the time series of model parameters in terms of the macroeconomic factors, as this better allows us to take into account non-stationarity in the time series. Estimates from models that relate income distribution parameters to cyclical variables in first differences (to account for non-stationarity) suggest that neither inflation nor unemployment have significant effects on income inequality. Compared to the commonly-used method of modelling the income shares directly, our approach indicates that there was no clear cut relationship between macroeconomic factors and the UK income distribution during the last third of the twentieth century.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Lindahl, Lena, 1973-
(author)
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A comparison of family and neighborhood effects on grades, test scores, educational attainment and income - evidence from Sweden
- 2011
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In: Journal of Economic Inequality. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1569-1721 .- 1573-8701. ; 9:2, s. 207-226
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper compares sibling and neighborhood correlations in school performance, educational attainment and income as a way to learn whether the neighborhood where a child grows up in might explain parts of the sibling similarities found in previous sibling correlation studies. The data are based on a cohort of nearly 13,000 individuals born in 1953 and their siblings, all of whom grew up in the Stockholm area. The results show that neighborhood correlations are in general very small and in particular they are much smaller than the sibling correlations. Living in the same neighborhood does not seem to add much to the sibling similarities.
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