| 1. |
- Abelson, Klas, et al.
(author)
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High plasma corticosterone levels persist during frequent automatic blood sampling in rats
- 2005
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In: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 19:5, s. 815-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Corticosterone levels in blood may be used as a marker of stress in rodents, provided that the blood sampling procedure itself is non-stressful. Automated blood sampling equipment (Accusampler®) allows blood sampling without any interference with the animal and might be useful as a tool for an on-line measurement of stress markers in blood. However, the impact of the blood sampling itself on the corticosterone levels in blood is unknown. The present study was designed to evaluate whether the frequency of blood sampling influences the plasma corticosterone levels in male and female rats. During anaesthesia, a catheter was placed in the jugular vein and attached to an Accusampler®. Blood samples (200 μl) were withdrawn with a high (24 samples) or low frequency (3 samples) during a six-hour period immediately after the catheter insertion. The corticosterone levels in the plasma were quantified with ELISA. The corticosterone levels persisted at high post-operation concentrations when blood was collected frequently, while the levels steadily declined significantly during low-frequency sampling. The corticosterone levels were higher in female than in male rats, but the curves were similar. The present study elucidates the importance of considering the frequency of blood withdrawal during automated blood sampling. This parameter may have an impact on the experimental results when using blood corticosterone levels as a stress marker, but also during any in vivo study where blood is collected, since high corticosterone levels may affect the normal physiology of the animals.
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| 2. |
- Abelson, Klas S. P., et al.
(author)
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Distribution of [3H]-corticosterone in urine, feces and blood of male Sprague-Dawley rats after tail vein and jugular vein injections
- 2009
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In: In Vivo. - : International Institute of Anticancer Research. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 23:3, s. 381-386
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study aimed to investigate the time-course and distribution of [(3)H]-corticosterone in urine, feces and blood of male Sprague-Dawley rats after intravenous administration of a low dose (1 microCi), and to investigate whether different intravenous routes of administration may affect the dynamics of excreted [(3)H]-corticosterone in the feces. One microCi [(3)H]-corticosterone was injected intravenously either through the tail vein in manually restrained rats or through a jugular vein catheter three days after surgical implantation. Urine and feces were collected at different time points over 78 h from the rats injected in the tail vein, and blood and feces were collected over 48 h from rats injected in the jugular vein. In the blood, radioactivity peaked immediately and decreased rapidly within 90 minutes. The radioactivity was excreted in urine within six h and in feces after at least 12 h. Sixty percent of the radioactivity was detected in the urine and 40% in feces during the study period of 78 h. The detected amount of radioactivity in feces was higher and displayed a more pronounced peak 12 h after injection when the substance was administered through a jugular vein catheter compared to tail vein injection. The data obtained in the present study may serve as an important benchmark when choosing time points for fecal collection for quantification of corticosterone or corticosterone metabolites as a non-invasive measure of preceding HPA-axis activation.
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| 3. |
- Asciutto, Katrin Christine, et al.
(author)
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Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) in Groin Wounds after Lymphadenectomy in Vulvar Cancer Patients
- 2020
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In: In Vivo. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 34:6, s. 3511-3517
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background/Aim: Vulva cancer surgery is associated with a high level of morbidity mostly due to wound healing disorders in the inguinal region following lymphadenectomy. Our aim is to evaluate the feasibility of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) using the PICO™ device in groin wounds after lymphadenectomy. Patients and Methods: The groins of twenty patients who underwent bilateral lymph node dissection were dressed with the PICO™ device. All patients were followed prospectively with clinical controls up to three months postoperatively using a standardized study protocol. Results: A total of 11 patients (55%) developed a surgical site complication (SSC). One patient suffered from a wound rupture two days after surgery, six a lymphocele and four a surgical site infection. Operation time, blood loss, number of lymph nodes removed, length of hospital-stay and duration of PICO™ treatment did not differ between women with and without SSCs. Conclusion: NPWT using the PICO™ device seems to be a feasible method to reduce the severity of healing disorders in the groin after lymphadenectomy in vulva cancer patients.
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| 4. |
- Bergström, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Dual-headed Coincidence PET vs. Dedicated PET/CT in the Evaluation of Thoracic Malignancies
- 2010
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In: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 24:2, s. 235-238
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of coincidence PET imaging as compared with dedicated PET/CT in cancer staging. Patients and Methods: Sixteen patients with thoracic malignancies referred to a PET/CT examination accepted to repeat the acquisition with a coincidence PET system. One experienced nuclear medicine physician compiled a report from the PET/CT examinations and the coincidence PET images. The reports were compared and evaluated according to the degree of agreement: no agreement, unsatisfactory, acceptable or satisfying agreement. Results: Satisfying or acceptable agreement between the PET/CT and the coincidence PET examination was found in 14 out of 16 patients (88%). The main issue for the examining physician was to anatomically locate the FDG uptake in the mediastinum in The coincidence PET images. Conclusion: The data from this small study imply that the staging results obtained with coincidence PET are in most cases concordant with those obtained with dedicated PET/CT.
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| 5. |
- Elmabsout, Ali, et al.
(author)
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Cloning and functional studies of a splice variant of CYP26B1 : a cellular storage protein for all-trans retinoic acid
- 2010
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In: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 24:3, s. 345-346
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundAll-trans retinoic acid (atRA) plays an essential role in the regulation of gene expression, cell growth and differentiation and is also important for normal cardiovascular development but may in turn be involved in cardiovascular diseases, i.e. atherosclerosis and restenosis. The cellular atRA levels are under strict control involving several cytochromes P450 isoforms (CYPs). CYP26 may be the most important regulator of atRA catabolism in vascular cells. The present study describes the molecular cloning, characterization and function of atRA-induced expression of a spliced variant of the CYP26B1 gene.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe coding region of the spliced CYP26B1 lacking exon 2 was amplified from cDNA synthesized from atRA-treated human aortic smooth muscle cells and sequenced. Both the spliced variant and full length CYP26B1 was found to be expressed in cultured human endothelial and smooth muscle cells, and in normal and atherosclerotic vessel. atRA induced both variants of CYP26B1 in cultured vascular cells. Furthermore, the levels of spliced mRNA transcript were 4.5 times higher in the atherosclerotic lesion compared to normal arteries and the expression in the lesions was increased 20-fold upon atRA treatment. The spliced CYP26B1 still has the capability to degrade atRA, but at an initial rate one-third that of the corresponding full length enzyme. Transfection of COS-1 and THP-1 cells with the CYP26B1 spliced variant indicated either an increase or a decrease in the catabolism of atRA, probably depending on the expression of other atRA catabolizing enzymes in the cells.Conclusions/SignificanceVascular cells express the spliced variant of CYP26B1 lacking exon 2 and it is also increased in atherosclerotic lesions. The spliced variant displays a slower and reduced degradation of atRA as compared to the full-length enzyme. Further studies are needed, however, to clarify the substrate specificity and role of the CYP26B1 splice variant in health and disease.
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| 6. |
- Farah, Idle O., et al.
(author)
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Schistosome-induced pathology is exacerbated and Th2 polarization is enhanced during pregnancy
- 2007
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In: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 21:4, s. 599-602
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the immunopathological impact of pregnancy on an ongoing experimental schistosomiasis infection. Materials and Methods: Female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C) of 15 animals each. The mice in Groups A and B were infected with 40 S. mansoni cercariae, percutaneously. Six weeks post-infection, the mice in Groups B and C (schistosome-naive controls) were mated. Schistosome-induced morbidity and cytokine recall responses were subsequently evaluated at weeks 7 and 8 post-infection. Results: Hepatic and pulmonary lesions resulting from trapped schistosome eggs were more frequent and more severe in Group B mice than in Group A mice. Group C mice had suppressed mitogen-stimulated interleukin 4 (IL-4) but maintained high intereferon gamma (IFN-gamma) responses. In contrast, Group A mice had elevated mitogen- and parasite-specific IL-4 but muted IFN-gamma responses. Group B mice had an early (week 7) high IL-4 response, even higher than in group A mice. Conclusion: Taken together the data suggest that pregnancy exacerbates schistosome-induced morbidity, probably through upregulation of parasite-specific IL-4.
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| 7. |
- Goldkuhl, Renee, et al.
(author)
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Effects of Voluntarily-ingested Buprenorphine on Plasma Corticosterone Levels, Body Weight, Water Intake, and Behaviour in Permanently Catheterised Rats
- 2010
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In: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 24:2, s. 131-135
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study investigated the peri- and postoperative effect of pre-emptive analgesia through voluntary ingestion of buprenorphine in Nutella (R), in male Sprague-Dawley rats. An arterial catheter was inserted and the rats were connected to an automated blood sampling device (AccuSampler (R)). Blood samples were drawn up to 18 h after surgery and the plasma concentrations of corticosterone were quantified. Postoperative changes in water intake and body weight were recorded, and the behaviour of the rats was analysed during two 30-min periods. Pre-emptive oral buprenorphine treatment reduced the plasma corticosterone levels in the postoperative period, compared to controls treated with local anaesthetics. Buprenorphine-treated rats consumed more water and maintained body weight better. Behavioural observations indicated that buprenorphine changed the behaviour in non-operated rats but there was no difference in the operated rats. The present study strengthens the hypothesis that pre-emptive oral buprenorphine in Nutella is suitable for treatment of postoperative pain in rats.
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| 8. |
- Jalouli, Miranda, et al.
(author)
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Comparison Between Single PCR and Nested PCR in Detection of Human Papilloma Viruses in Paraffin-embedded OSCC and Fresh Oral Mucosa
- 2015
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In: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 29:1, s. 65-70
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) has been implicated as one of the risk factors for the development of oropharyngeal cancer. Many different HPV tests exist, and information regarding their specific technical, analytical, and clinical properties is increasing. Aim: This study aimed to compare the level of detection of HPV using two reliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods, nested PCR (NPCR) and single PCR (SPCR), in archival paraffin-embedded oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) samples and fresh oral mucosa specimens. Materials and Methods: The presence of HPV genome in two groups of tissue samples was analyzed: (i) 57 paraffin-embedded OSCC samples from Sudan and (ii) eight healthy fresh oral mucosal samples from Swedish volunteers. The specimens were tested by SPCR with primer pair MY9/MY11 and NPCR using GP5+/GP6+ primer sets. Results: Eighteen (32%) out of the 57 paraffin-embedded OSCC samples, and five (62%) out of the eight fresh clinically healthy samples were found to be HPV-positive with NPCR. With SPCR, four (7%) out of the paraffin-embedded OSCC samples were HPV-positive. A statistically significant difference between HPV-positive and -negative samples was found when comparing NPCR and SPCR in OSCC and fresh oral mucosa (p<0.0001). The comparative test between SPCR and NPCR showed 100% sensitivity and 69% specificity for OSCC. Conclusion: The use of the GP5+/GP6+ nested PCR increased the positivity rate, efficiency rate and sensitivity of HPV detection in oral samples significantly and should be considered as the method of choice.
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