| 1. |
- Barreiro, Ana, et al.
(author)
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Agricultural Land Degradation in Sweden
- 2023
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In: Impact of Agriculture on Soil Degradation II : A European Perspective. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783031320514 ; 121:121, s. 299-323
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current status of agricultural soils in Sweden is dominated by a tendency of land abandonment in some areas vs. intensification which leads to soil degradation in other areas, like the south of the country. Overgrazing, slash-and-burn agricultural practices or salinization is currently not a problem for Swedish agriculture. On the other hand, soil compaction and erosion represent problems, mostly in some areas of Sweden. Agricultural soils are also exposed to different soil contaminants, pesticides and microplastics which can have negative or unclear effects in the soil ecosystem.
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| 2. |
- Ferreira, Carla S.S., et al.
(author)
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Agricultural Land Degradation in Portugal and Greece
- 2023
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In: Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Nature. - 1867-979X .- 1616-864X. ; , s. 105-137
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Agricultural land degradation is a global problem affecting food production and other ecosystem services worldwide such as water regulation. It is driven by unsustainable land use and management practices (e.g. intensive tillage, overuse of agrochemicals) and can be aggravated by future climate change. Land degradation is particularly problematic in arid and semi-arid areas of southern Europe, and distinct soil degradation processes impair agricultural areas in Portugal and Greece. This chapter aims to improve understanding of various degradation processes affecting agricultural land, including soil erosion, compaction, contamination, and salinity and sodicity. It summarises the scientific literature on the current status of these degradation processes in agricultural areas of Portugal and Greece and their main causes and consequences. Moreover, it provides examples of best management practices implemented to mitigate agricultural land degradation. Some degradation processes are relatively well documented (e.g. erosion), while knowledge of the spatial extent of others such as soil compaction is still limited. A better understanding of soil degradation processes and of the counter-impacts of improved agricultural management practices is critical to support decision-making and ensure long-term fertility and productivity, thereby maintaining the sustainability of agriculture.
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| 3. |
- Rydberg, Tomas, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Emissions of additives from plastics in the societal material stock – a case study for Sweden
- 2012
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In: Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1867-979X. ; 18, s. 253-264, s. 253-264
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Estimating the size of the problems related to release, fate, exposure and effects from the human use of chemical substances in materials and consumer products is daunting. More than 100,000 chemical substances are in commercial use and a reasonable description of their existence in, and release from, plastic polymers, glues, paints, fibres, lubricants etc. comprise a big challenge. Here we report the initial results from a generic emission model that has been developed and applied to estimate emissions of a set of organic chemicals from products. The scope of the study was to estimate emissions from products containing plastic materials during their average lifetime within the geographical boundaries of Sweden. The results show that approximately 2% of the plastic additives are emitted annually. Plasticisers, flame retardants, organic pigments and stabilizers are the use categories of additives that are emitted in the largest quantities. Until now, the method has only been used to estimate emissions of additives from plastic materials, but it is believed to also be applicable to other materials.
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