| 1. |
- Abebe, Henok Girma, 1988-, et al.
(author)
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Equity and Social Justice considerations in road safety work: The case of Vision Zero in New York City
- 2024
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 149, s. 11-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper analyses how Vision Zero (VZ) efforts in New York City (NYC) account for equity and social justice implications of road safety work. VZ policy documents, research literature, popular science and opinion articles on road safety work in the city were studied with a prime focus on equity and social justice. Twelve semi-structured interviews with stakeholders involved in road safety and transport planning in the city and at national level were conducted to gain an in-depth understanding of policy design, the adoption process, and the role of equity considerations in the city's road safety work. The results show that major equity and social justice issues arise in the adoption and implementation of VZ. These issues are primarily related to equity and fairness in the distribution of life saving interventions, the socio-economic impacts of road safety strategies, and the nature of community engagement in policy design and implementation. The findings point to a need for VZ practitioners to give due considerations to equity and social justice implications of VZ policies and strategies. Among others, it supports the need for understanding the nature of past equity and social justice problems in road safety and transport planning in the VZ policy design process. Moreover, the findings suggest the need for empirical studies on the socio-economic implications of VZ strategies and interventions.
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| 2. |
- Ait Ali, Abderrahman, 1991-, et al.
(author)
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Are commuter train timetables consistent with passengers’ valuations of waiting times and in-vehicle crowding?
- 2022
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 116, s. 188-198
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Social cost-benefit analysis is often used to analyse transport investments, and can also be used for transport operation planning and capacity allocation. If it is to be used for resolving capacity conflicts, however, it is important to know whether transit agencies' timetable requests are consistent with the cost-benefit framework, which is based on passenger preferences. We show how a public transport agency's implicit valuations of waiting time and crowding can be estimated by analysing timetables, apply the method to commuter train timetables in Stockholm, and compare the implicit valuations to the corresponding passenger valuations in the official Swedish cost-benefit analysis guidelines. The results suggest that the agency puts a slightly lower value on waiting time and crowding than the passenger valuations codified in the official guidelines. We discuss possible reasons for this and implications for using cost-benefit analysis for capacity allocation. We also find that optimal frequencies are more sensitive to the waiting time valuation than to that of crowding.
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| 3. |
- Altuntas Vural, Ceren, 1980, et al.
(author)
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Value co-creation in maritime logistics networks: A service triad perspective
- 2019
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 84, s. 27-39
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Maritime logistics networks face several challenges in the supply chains they serve. Tackling those challenges requires a perspective of treating value as a co-creation through interactions amongst the key actors in the maritime logistics sector. By adopting a triadic approach, this paper explores how maritime logistics value is co-created in the service triad composed of the shipper, the logistics service provider (LSP), and the carrier (that is, the shipping line). Based on the service-dominant logic, this study identifies a number of operant resources and investigates various configurations of operant resources amongst these three players in the maritime logistics service triad. The results provide guidance for policymakers as well as firm-level decision-makers who must take an integrative approach to capture the multi-actor nature of the phenomenon. The findings may help managers understand how operationalization of their policies and decisions may affect both the type of operant resources used for value creation as well as their interdependence. Finally, studying maritime logistics value with a network approach offers opportunities for research on value and interaction between supply and transport service networks.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Linda, et al.
(author)
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Transition towards sustainable transportation : What determines fuel choice?
- 2020
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 90, s. 31-38
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For the transport sector to become more sustainable, substantial technological and behavioural changes are required. Increased understanding about household choices related to more green alternatives in transportation is needed in order for policy makers to make efficient policies in the future. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze which factors that determines the fuel choice between ethanol and gasoline for owners of flex-fuel vehicles (FFVs). We evaluate how the self-reported fuel choice is influenced by the relative price, as well as individual differences in norms and perceptions about environmental and quality attributes of ethanol. Data was collected through a survey sent to Swedish FFV owners and is analyzed in a binary choice and a LCM framework. Results show that price, perceptions about quality, age and environmental attitudes influence the self-reported willingness to choose ethanol. Furthermore, results show that preferences are not homogenous, three groups are identified; price conscious respondents, ethanol skeptical respondents and respondents with pronounced environmental concern. However, although the motive for introducing and subsidizing ethanol was to reduce climate and environmental impacts, the group that chooses ethanol based on climate and environmental motives is small. The results further reveal that the debate about motor damages from ethanol have had a long lasting effect on the willingness to choose ethanol. Thus, it is necessary to try to prevent or mitigate concerns regarding e.g. potential technical or ethical issues when promoting future technologies or fuels aimed at a sustainable transportation sector.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Matts, et al.
(author)
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The effect of minimum parking requirements on the housing stock
- 2016
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 49, s. 206-215
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The cost of parking is in many cities subsidized and instead channelled through higher housing prices, wages, taxes, etc. The effects on other markets are principally well known, but the work on the area is limited. In this paper, we study how parking norms affect the size of the housing stock. Our analysis is based on a model of the rental, asset- and construction markets, the results are quality-assured by interviews with market actors. Prices and profits are affected when constructors are forced, through parking norms, to build more parking spaces than the customers demand. Parking norms reduce the housing stock by 1.2% and increase rents by 2.4% (SEK 300) in our example suburb.
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| 6. |
- Asplund, Disa, 1985-, et al.
(author)
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Optimal pricing of car use in a small city : A case study of Uppsala
- 2021
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 114, s. 88-103
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Studies of cities that have successfully shifted demand from cars to more sustainable modes suggest that coordinated packages of mutually reinforcing policy instruments are needed. Congestion charges and parking fees can be important parts of such packages. This paper examines the introduction of welfare-optimal congestion charges and parking fees in a model calibrated to Uppsala, a small city in Sweden. These effects are modeled with a simple transport demand model for the welfare optimization of parking fees, congestion charges, and public transport provision. The results suggest that welfare-optimal congestion charges in Uppsala are as high as EUR 2.8 in peak hours and EUR 1.4 in off-peak hours. A rough cost–benefit analysis shows that the introduction of congestion charges in Uppsala is welfare improving if the operating costs of congestion charges are proportional to city population size. In the main scenarios, optimal congestion charges and parking fees reduce the number of car trips by 10% and 7%, respectively. The model can be used to assess when it is worthwhile to introduce congestion pricing. © 2021 The Authors
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| 7. |
- Bamberg, Sebastian, et al.
(author)
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Behaviour Theory and Soft Transport Policy Measures
- 2011
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 18, s. 228-235
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim is to propose a theoretical grounding of soft transport policy measures that aim at promoting voluntary reduction of car use. A general conceptual framework is first presented to clarify how hard and soft transport policy measures impact on car-use reduction. Two different behavioural theories that have been used to account for car use and car-use reduction are then integrated in a self-regulation theory that identifies four stages of the process of voluntarily changing car use: setting a car-use reduction goal, forming a plan for achieving the goal, initiating and executing the plan, and evaluating the outcome of the plan execution. A number of techniques are described that facilitate the different stages of the process of voluntary car-use reduction and which should be used in personalized travel planning programs.
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| 8. |
- Bastian, Anne, et al.
(author)
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Peak car? : Drivers of the recent decline in Swedish car use
- 2015
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 42, s. 94-102
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It has long been well-known that economic variables such as GDP and fuel price as well as socio-demographic characteristics and spatial distribution are key factors explaining car use trends. However, due. to the recently observed plateau of total car travel in many high income countries, it has been argued that other factors, such as changes in preferences, attitudes and life-styles, have become more important drivers of car use. This paper shows that the two variables, GDP per capita and fuel price, explain most of the aggregate trends in car distances driven per adult in Sweden: as much as 80% over the years 2002 to 2012. The estimated elasticities are well in line with previous literature and can reasonably well reproduce the trend in car distances driven per adult back to 1980. We find, however, a substantial variation in elasticities between municipalities depending on public transport supply, population density, share of foreign-born inhabitants and the average income level.
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| 9. |
- Beckers, Joris, et al.
(author)
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Managing household freight: The impact of online shopping on residential freight trips
- 2022
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 125, s. 299-311
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Freight transport management and planning traditionally relies on freight transport models. However, e -commerce has changed the way freight is transported and requires a paradigm shift in such models. In contrast to conventional purchases in physical outlets, there is a spatial and temporal disconnection between the purchase and the reception of goods bought online. While traditionally the shopper brings home the purchases, the courier, express and parcel (CEP) sector must bridge this leg for the online retail channel by delivering the parcel to the household. These new type of freight trips have been ignored in the literature on freight modeling. Given the increasing number of urban freight trips destined for households, this omission implies significant errors when demonstrating transport impacts, identifying potential innovations, or assessing policy initiatives with these models. Therefore, we develop a framework that demonstrates how households' online consumption translates into freight trips. Three key factors in this framework seem to determine the magnitude of freight traffic originated by household's online shopping: (i) consumer shopping behavior, (ii) the supplier network and distribution system designed by the online store, and (iii) the fragmentation of the CEP market and the density of the delivery network. The identification of these three key factors provides a framework for policy action to mitigate the impact of household freight.
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| 10. |
- Behrends, Sönke, 1976
(author)
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Burden or opportunity for modal shift? – Embracing the urban dimension of intermodal road-rail transport
- 2017
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In: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 59, s. 10-16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Intermodal road-rail transport (IRRT) has a significant urban dimension, which affects the modal shift potential and the environmental benefits of rail freight. This paper explores the relevance of local policies for sustainable modal shift strategies by conceptualising the links between urban planning and rail freight. The presented framework identifies measures that local authorities can apply in order to increase the market and environmental improvement potential of IRRT. The results indicate that local urban transport planning has a significant role to play in the promotion of rail freight. Integrating rail freight into long-term urban development plans offers new possibilities for rail freight that are necessary in order to achieve a sustainable freight transport system in the face of ever-increasing road transport volumes.
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