| 1. |
- Pagoldh, Jenny, et al.
(author)
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Irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms in treated microscopic colitis patients compared with controls : a cross-sectional study
- 2020
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In: Gastroenterology Report. - : Oxford University Press. - 2052-0034. ; 8:5, s. 374-380
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms is high in untreated patients with microscopic colitis MC), but there is uncertainty of the prevalence of IBS-like symptoms in treated patients. We assessed the degree of IBS-like symptoms in patients with MC in comparison to control subjects, and investigated the association between IBS-like symptoms and faecal calprotectin (FC) in MC patients. Methods: Patients with an established MC diagnosis (n = 57) were compared to sex- and age-matched controls (n = 138) for scores in the GSRS-IBS (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome) and HADS (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale). In MC patients, an FC level was simultaneously analysed. Results: The median interval from MC diagnoses to the time the subjects participated in the study was 5.5 years (25th-75th percentiles; 4.5-9.5 years). The total GSRS-IBS score, subscores for abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhoea were significantly higher in MC patients compared to controls (all P< 0.001). There was a significant correlation between FC levels and reported bowel frequency (P = 0.023), but there was no correlation between FC levels and GSRS-IBS scores. Patients with MC had significantly higher scores on anxiety (HADS-A) (P< 0.001) and used more selective serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor drugs (P = 0.016) than the control subjects. However, only the control subjects (not the patients with MC) showed significant correlations between GSRS-IBS scores and HADS scores. Conclusions: Patients with MC reported more IBS-like symptoms and anxiety than control subjects but neither FC levels nor symptoms of affectivity were significantly correlated with IBS-like symptoms.
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| 2. |
- Schröder, Björn O.
(author)
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Fight them or feed them: how the intestinal mucus layer manages the gut microbiota
- 2019
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In: Gastroenterology Report. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2052-0034. ; 7:1, s. 3-12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The intestinal tract is inhabited by a tremendous number of microorganisms, termed the gut microbiota. These microorganisms live in a mutualistic relationship with their host and assist in the degradation of complex carbohydrates. Although the gut microbiota is generally considered beneficial, the vast number of microbial cells also form a permanent threat to the host. Thus, the intestinal epithelium is covered with a dense layer of mucus to prevent translocation of the gut microbiota into underlying tissues. Intestinal mucus is an organized glycoprotein network with a host-specific glycan structure. While the mucus layer has long been considered a passive, host-designed barrier, recent studies showed that maturation and function of the mucus layer are strongly influenced by the gut microbiota. In return, the glycan repertoire of mucins can select for distinct mucosa-associated bacteria that are able to bind or degrade specific mucin glycans as a nutrient source. Because the intestinal mucus layer is at the crucial interface between host and microbes, its breakdown leads to gut bacterial encroachment that can eventually cause inflammation and infection. Accordingly, a dysfunctional mucus layer has been observed in colitis in mice and humans. Moreover, the increased consumption of a low-fiber Western-style diet in our modern society has recently been demonstrated to cause bacteria-mediated defects of the intestinal mucus layer. Here, I will review current knowledge on the interaction between gut bacteria and the intestinal mucus layer in health and disease. Understanding the molecular details of this host-microbe interaction may contribute to the development of novel treatment options for diseases involving a dysfunctional mucus layer, such as ulcerative colitis.
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| 3. |
- Schröder, Björn
(author)
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Outlook on the gut microbiota
- 2022
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In: Gastroenterology Report. - : Oxford University Press. - 2052-0034. ; 10
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 4. |
- Tampu, Iulian Emil, et al.
(author)
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Inflation of test accuracy due to data leakage in deep learning-based classification of OCT images
- 2022
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In: Scientific Data. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2052-4463. ; 9:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the application of deep learning on optical coherence tomography (OCT) data, it is common to train classification networks using 2D images originating from volumetric data. Given the micrometer resolution of OCT systems, consecutive images are often very similar inboth visible structures and noise. Thus, an inappropriate data split can result in overlap between the training and testing sets, with a largeportion of the literature overlooking this aspect. In this study, the effect of improper dataset splitting on model evaluation is demonstratedfor three classification tasks using three OCT open-access datasets extensively used, Kermany’s and Srinivasan's ophthalmologydatasets, and AIIMS breast tissue dataset. Results show that the classification performance is inflated by 0.07 up to 0.43 in terms ofMatthews Correlation Coefficient (accuracy: 5% to 30%) for models tested on datasets with improper splitting, highlighting theconsiderable effect of dataset handling on model evaluation. This study intends to raise awareness on the importance of dataset splittinggiven the increased research interest in implementing deep learning on OCT data.
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