| 1. |
- Qasim, Muhammad, et al.
(author)
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Forecasting buffalo population of Pakistan using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) time series models
- 2019
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In: Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: Part A. - : Giunti. - 2518-4245 .- 2518-4253. ; 56:3, s. 11-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Livestock plays a vital role in Pakistan’s economy. Buffalo is the primary source of milk and meat, which is a basic need for human health. So, there is a need to forecast the buffalo population of Pakistan. The main objective of the current study is to determine an appropriate empirical model for forecasting buffalo population of Pakistan to assess its future trend up to the year 2030. We apply different Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models on the buffalo population-based on fifty-years’ time-series dataset. Different model selection criteria are used to test the reliability of the ARIMA models. Based on these criteria, we perceive that ARIMA (1, 0, 0) is a more suitable model. Moreover, we also test the fitted model assumptions, such as normality and independence, to find out more accurate forecasted values. This study revealed that the buffalo population expected to increase 30% up to the year 2030 under the assumption that there is no irregular trend can be encountered during forecasted years.
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| 2. |
- Limpraptono, F. Y., et al.
(author)
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Design of power monitoring and electrical control systems to support energy conservation
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: Part A. - : Pakistan Academy of Sciences. - 2518-4245. ; 58:S, s. 1-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The increasing demand for electrical energy and the decreasing supply of fossil fuels in recent years have increased the cost of electrical energy. So that the culture of saving electrical energy is a habit that must be cultivated in the community. On the other hand, energy-saving behavior cannot be realized massively without a support system that can control energy use. With these concerns, it is necessary to develop a method that encourages a culture of saving electrical energy. This paper proposes a system that supports active energy efficiency methods that can support an energy-efficient culture. This system is an electric power monitoring system that is integrated with a smart electrical panel that continuously monitors the use of electrical energy and can control electrical loads automatically, record electricity usage, provide comprehensive reports and analyze energy usage. The method used to carry out this research is research and development. This research has produced a prototype of electrical power control and monitoring system that has a smart panel based on a raspberry PI 3 and PZEM-004t power energy meter. The monitoring system performs and executes automatic control of electrical loads. The system can also provide reports in the form of data monitoring in daily, weekly, monthly or annual period. From the test results, it can be concluded that the system can work well. This research is expected to contribute to providing a system that can support government efforts in saving energy. © Pakistan Academy of Sciences.
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