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| 2. |
- Bjurling, Oscar, et al.
(author)
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Drone Swarms in Forest Firefighting : A Local Development Case Study of Multi-Level Human-Swarm Interaction
- 2020
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In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery. - 9781450375795
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Swarms of autonomous and coordinating Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are rapidly being developed to enable simultaneous control of multiple UAVs. In the field of Human-Swarm Interaction (HSI), researchers develop and study swarm algorithms and various means of control and evaluate their cognitive and task performance. There is, however, a lack of research describing how UAV swarms will fit into future real-world domain contexts. To remedy this, this paper describes a case study conducted within the community of firefighters, more precisely two Swedish fire departments that regularly deploy UAVs in fire responses. Based on an initial description of how their UAVs are used in a forest firefighting context, participating UAV operators and unit commanders envisioned a scenario that showed how the swarm and its capabilities could be utilized given the constraints and requirements of a forest firefighting mission. Based on this swarm scenario description we developed a swarm interaction model that describes how the operators' interaction traverses multiple levels ranging from the entire swarm, via subswarms and individual UAVs, to specific sensors and equipment carried by the UAVs. The results suggest that human-in-the-loop simulation studies need to enable interaction across multiple swarm levels as this interaction may exert additional cognitive strain on the human operator.
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| 3. |
- D'Olivo, Patrizia, et al.
(author)
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Making Tactful Objects for Sensitive Settings: A Research through Design Process
- 2020
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In: NordiCHI '20. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450375795
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This contribution illustrates the Research through Design process of Mr.V the Spaceman, a tactful object meant to support families of children with cancer maintain a healthy domestic life during stressful times. By recounting insights from the field and unfolding changes to the original artifact over a period of two years, the paper illuminates how an understanding of tactfulness has emerged and developed into a key design quality for this work. This complex and entangled process of making is surfaced and illustrated by a rich and scrupulous annotation of the artisanal craft and technological explorations that led from the original Mr.V prototype to what is now Mr.V the Spaceman.
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| 4. |
- Häkkilä, Jonna, et al.
(author)
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Design Sensibilities - Designing for Cultural Sensitivity
- 2020
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In: NordiCHI '20. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450375795
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- When designing interactive systems and applications, we need to take into account different user groups, contexts, and cultural sensitivities. The challenges in culturally sensitive design can arise e.g. from historical, ideological, or ethical factors, and need to be considered when conducting HCI research, e.g. with cultural heritage, under-represented user groups, topics of cultural rituals, or in cross-cultural interfaces. The digitalizing world crosses old borders by bringing technology connectivity for new domains, and provides the means to distribute information that has previously been harder to access, and which may contain strong cultural meanings. With emerging technology use, new etiquette and social practices are formed to reflect the new sub-cultures. This workshop addresses the cultural sensitivities when designing interactive systems. The workshop invites researchers and practitioners to present and discuss about related case studies, applications, research methods, and experiences.
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| 5. |
- Kaptelinin, Victor, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Performance, Power, and Place: User Experience of Contactless Object Manipulation in Robotic Telepresence
- 2020
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In: NordiCHI '20. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450375795
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Most robotic telepresence systems are severely limited in their ability to physically interact with surrounding objects. The solution we propose, "double remote control", or DRC, is to make it possible for the user controlling the telepresence robot ("the pilot"), to also remotely control objects in the robot's physical environment. This paper reports a user experience study, comparing a Wizard of Oz-style prototype of a DRC-enabled environment with a control condition, in which DRC was not enabled. The participants, who acted as either remote pilots (NP=16) or local people in the robot's proximity (NLP=16), were asked to carry out joint activities in each of these conditions. It was found that DRC had a generally positive effect on how participants, and especially pilots, performed their tasks, but the impact of DRC on the social context of interaction was mixed.
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| 6. |
- Landwehr Sydow, Sophie, 1987-, et al.
(author)
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Machine Sensibility : Unpacking the Embodied and Situated Dimensions of 3D Printing
- 2020
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In: NordiCHI '20: Proceedings of the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. - New York : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450375795 ; , s. 1-13
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper offers a conceptual contribution to understand 3D printing practice. We have studied conversations between 3D printing practitioners who discuss failed and discarded printed artifacts and analyzed how they make sense of the printing process. Based on findings of interactions with the machine itself, materials used, and designs applied, this study contributes to the field of HCI by highlighting the embodied and situated dimensions of 3D printing. Introducing the concept of machine sensibility, we characterize our findings around: i) assessing printability, ii) monitoring and intervening and iii) reading the prints. We use the term machine to highlight the importance of understanding the materiality of the 3D printer, and sensibility, to address critical interactions and abilities that surfaced in studying this practice. The concept allows researchers to put 3D printing practice in the context of contemporary interaction design research and helps to understand challenges of material-machine-design interdependencies.
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| 7. |
- Lindberg, Sharon, et al.
(author)
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Cultivating Ethics – A perspective from practice
- 2020
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In: NordiCHI'20: Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450375795
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ethically responsible design of technology has been under prolific discussion in recent years. Since design practitioners play a big part in shaping technology, their understanding of ethics is important. Much research has been conducted on ethics in design, but research findings are rarely used in industry. Our study addresses this gap by creating a space for conversation for design practitioners to explore the meaning of design ethics and related challenges. Our findings confirm the complexity of integrating ethics into the everyday practice of design, and suggest co-creating possible solutions as a way to start cultivating ethos in practice. Practitioners envisioned ideas for a toolbox concept, thoughts on how to integrate ethics into existing practices, and a visual moral compass. Our findings translate into a set of questions aiming to make ethical issues in practice visible, and to stimulate discussions around what designers considered to be ethical challenges.
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| 8. |
- Moradi, Fatemeh, 1985-, et al.
(author)
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Designing a Digital Archive for Indigenous People : Understanding the Double Sensitivity of Design
- 2020
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In: NordiCHI '20. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450375795
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we present our work on the design and evaluation of a web-based digital archive. The aim of this research project was to explore ways of enabling easy access to materials about their cultural heritage for indigenous people. In this project we worked in close collaboration with the Sami people across brainstorming sessions, design workshops, prototype development, and user tests. During this process we became aware of two intertwined sensitivities, i.e. a cultural sensitivity and a design sensitivity - and we refer to this as a “double sensitivity”. The data recorded from the interviews and the participants' interaction with the prototype were analyzed using thematic analysis as the methodological approach. Our results pointed at five main code clusters including: tonality of the design, usability, sociability, ethical considerations and technical errors. In this paper we discuss these findings, and we suggest that our results, and the proposed notion of “double sensitivity” contributes important research on human computer interaction (HCI) design for indigenous people.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, Elisabet M., Senior lecturer in interaction design, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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The Values Clustering Teaching Activity : A Case Study on Two Teachers’ Appropriations of Open Educational Resources for Teaching Values in Design
- 2020
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In: Proceedings of <em>the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction </em>. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450375795
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Currently, we see an increased focus on the social and environ-mental responsibilities of designers when designing technologies.There are however few academic examples describing how to teachstudents to become responsible designers and engineers who areattentive to values in design. We are therefore developing teach-ing activities as open educational resources for teaching valuesin design to students in different kinds of engineering and designcourses and programs. The activities address values in differentphases of the design process. This case study article reports on theappropriation of a teaching activity by two university teachers. Theaim is to provide the reader with an insight into how a teachingactivity that we have developed can be appropriated in differenteducational settings, what the teachers’ perceived effectiveness ofthis activity is, and what kind of adaptations individual teachersmay need to make to fit them into their particular course.
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| 10. |
- Ovesdotter Alm, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Workshop on Invisible AI-driven HCI Systems : When, Why and How
- 2020
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In: NordiCHI '20: Proceedings of the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Extended Abstract. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450375795
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The InvisibleAI (InvAI’20) workshop aims to systematically discuss a growing class of interactive systems that invisibly remove some decision-making tasks away from humans to machines, based on recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), data science, and sensor or actuation technology. While the interest in the affordances as well as the risks of hidden pervasive AI are high on the agenda in public debate, discussion on the topic is needed within the human-computer interaction (HCI) community. In particular, we want to gather insights, ideas, and models for approaching the use of barely noticeable AI decision-making in systems design from a human-centered perspective, so as to make the most out of the automated systems and algorithms that support human activity both as designers and users. Concurrently, these systems should safeguard that humans remain in charge when it counts (high stakes decisions, privacy, monitoring lack of explainability and fairness, etc.). What to automate and what not to automate is often a system designer’s choice [8]. By taking the established concept of explicit interaction between a system and its user as a point of departure, and inviting authors to provide examples from their own research, we aim to stimulate dynamic discussion while keeping the workshop concrete and system design-focused. The workshop especially directs itself to participants from the interaction design, AI, and HCI communities. The targeted scientific outcome of the workshop is an up-to-date ontology of invisible AI-HCI systems and hybrid human-AI collaboration mechanisms, and approaches. Additionally, we expect that the workgroups and the roundtables will provide starting points shaping continued discussions, new collaborations, and innovative scientific contributions that springboard from the workgroups’ findings. The focus of the proposed workshop involves the bridging of two spaces of computational research that impact user experiences and societal domains (HCI and AI). Thus, the proposed workshop topic aligns well with the theme of this year’s NordiCHI conference which is Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society.
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