| 1. |
- Alam, Mahbub Ul, et al.
(author)
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Terminology Expansion with Prototype Embeddings : Extracting Symptoms of Urinary Tract Infection from Clinical Text
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies (BIOSTEC 2021) - Volume 5: HEALTHINF. - Setúbal : SciTePress. - 9789897584909 ; , s. 47-57
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many natural language processing applications rely on the availability of domain-specific terminologies containing synonyms. To that end, semi-automatic methods for extracting additional synonyms of a given concept from corpora are useful, especially in low-resource domains and noisy genres such as clinical text, where nonstandard language use and misspellings are prevalent. In this study, prototype embeddings based on seed words were used to create representations for (i) specific urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms and (ii) UTI symptoms in general. Four word embedding methods and two phrase detection methods were evaluated using clinical data from Karolinska University Hospital. It is shown that prototype embeddings can effectively capture semantic information related to UTI symptoms. Using prototype embeddings for specific UTI symptoms led to the extraction of more symptom terms compared to using prototype embeddings for UTI symptoms in general. Overall, 142 additional UTI symp tom terms were identified, yielding a more than 100% increment compared to the initial seed set. The mean average precision across all UTI symptoms was 0.51, and as high as 0.86 for one specific UTI symptom. This study provides an effective and cost-effective solution to terminology expansion with small amounts of labeled data.
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| 2. |
- Berg, Hanna, et al.
(author)
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De-identification of Clinical Text for Secondary Use : Research Issues
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies - (Volume 5). - : SciTePress. - 9789897584909 ; , s. 592-599
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Privacy is challenged by both advances in AI-related technologies and recently introduced legal regulations. The problem of privacy has been extensively studied within the privacy community, but has largely focused on methods for protecting and assessing the privacy of structured data. Research aiming to protect the integrity of patients based on clinical text has primarily referred to US law and relied on automatically recognising predetermined, both direct and indirect, identifiers. This article discusses the various challenges concerning the re-use of unstructured clinical data, in particular in the form of clinical text, and focuses on ambiguous and vague terminology, how different legislation affects the requirements for de-identification, differences between methods for unstructured and structured data, the impact of approaches based on named entity recognition and replacing sensitive data with surrogates, as well as the lack of measures for usability and re-identification risk.
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| 3. |
- Fu, Yu, et al.
(author)
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A Survey of Possibilities and Challenges with AR/VR/MR and Gamification Usage in Healthcare
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies - HEALTHINF. - : SciTePress. - 9789897584909 ; , s. 733-740
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Software and applications of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR) technology combined with game/gamification techniques in healthcare have increasingly been studied in academia. However, there is a need to explore the usage, challenges and opportunities of AR/VR/MR game/gamification software/applications in the healthcare system. To explore this, we present an online survey conducted in the healthcare-relevant system (including hospital-based system, homecare-based system, institute and university, and industry). Based on the answers, we found examples of digital games and AR/VR/MR applications used in healthcare, as well as some general information (name and feature, purpose, target user, and use occasion), usage situation, and user experience. This presented survey is beneficial for both researchers and developers in computer science and medical science. It can familiarise them with existing products and their current use, advantages and potential issues of AR/VR/MR and game applications in healthcare. In future work, the survey would be extended to obtain other user experiences and feedback of AR/VR/MR techniques and game/gamification technology applied to healthcare, as well as to study how to overcome the challenges, and develop the opportunities further.
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| 4. |
- Maqbool, Bilal, et al.
(author)
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Challenges in Developing Software for the Swedish Healthcare Sector
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies - Volume 5 HEALTHINF, Austria, February 11-13, 2021. - Portugal : SciTePress. - 9789897584909 ; , s. 175-187
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Context: High-quality software is essential to the progressing digitalisation of the Swedish healthcare sector. Developing software with the desired high quality is far from trivial due to the sophisticated requirements of the domain.Problem: Studies on healthcare digitalisation challenges in Sweden and other countries, however, largely focus on the perceptions of healthcare professionals and patients and less on opinions of IT professionals.Method: In this exploratory study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with nine IT professionals about observed challenges in developing software for the Swedish healthcare sector. A qualitative analysis was performed to identify common themes.Results: We identified the prevalent challenges to be related to data integrity, privacy and security, rules and regulations, engineering usability, and software testing.Conclusion: The results suggest that further research is required regarding agile methods, efficient requirement engineering, and testing in eHealth as well as in privacy and usability engineering.
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