| 1. |
- Adiels, Emil, 1989, et al.
(author)
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Brick patterns on shells using geodesic coordinates
- 2017
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In: Proceedings of the IASS Annual Symposium 2017. IASS Annual Symposium 2017; Hamburg, Germany; 25 - 28 September 2017.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present two separate strategies for generating brick patterns on free form shells and vaults using geodesic coordinates. The brickwork is specified by a surface on which there is a geodesic coordinate system satisfying the condition for a constant distance between bed joints. The first strategy integrates the generation of the geodesic coordinates in a form finding procedure derived from the geometrical and mechanical properties of a shell. The geometric and structural equations are solved using dynamicrelaxation. The second strategy can be applied on an arbitrary surface separating the form
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| 2. |
- Adiels, Emil, 1989, et al.
(author)
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The architectural application of shells whose boundaries subtend a constant solid angle
- 2024
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In: Computer Aided Geometric Design. - 0167-8396. ; 111
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Surface geometry plays a central role in the design of bridges, vaults and shells, using various techniques for generating a geometry which aims to balance structural, spatial, aesthetic and construction requirements. In this paper we propose the use of surfaces defined such that given closed curves subtend a constant solid angle at all points on the surface and form its boundary. Constant solid angle surfaces enable one to control the boundary slope and hence achieve an approximately constant span-to-height ratio as the span varies, making them structurally viable for shell structures. In addition, when the entire surface boundary is in the same plane, the slope of the surface around the boundary is constant and thus follows a principal curvature direction. Such surfaces are suitable for surface grids where planar quadrilaterals meet the surface boundaries. They can also be used as the Airy stress function in the form finding of shells having forces concentrated at the corners. Our technique employs the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to calculate the solid angle of a point in space and Newton's method to move the point onto the constant solid angle surface. We use the Biot-Savart law to find the gradient of the solid angle. The technique can be applied in parallel to each surface point without an initial mesh, opening up for future studies and other applications when boundary curves are known but the initial topology is unknown. We show the geometrical properties, possibilities and limitations of surfaces of constant solid angle using examples in three dimensions.
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| 3. |
- Adiels, Emil, 1989, et al.
(author)
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The use of virtual work for the formfinding of fabric, shell and gridshell structures
- 2018
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In: Proceedings of the Advances in Architectural Geometry conference 2018. - 9783903015135 ; , s. 286-315
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The use of the virtual work theorem enables one to derive the equations of static equilibrium of fabric, shell and gridshell structures from the compatibility equations linking the rate of deformation of a surface to variations in its velocity. If the structure is treated as a continuum there is no need to consider its micro-structure provided that the grid is fine compared to the overall geometry. Thus we can include fabrics, ribbed shells, corrugated shells and gridshells with a fine grid, such as the Mannheim Multihalle. The equilibrium equations are almost identical to those obtained by assuming that a shell is thin and of uniform thickness, but are more general in their application. Our formulation introduces the concept of geodesic bending moments which are relevant to gridshell structures with continuous laths. The virtual work theorem is more general than the energy theorems, which it in- cludes as a special case. Hence it can be applied to surfaces which admit some form of potential, including minimal surfaces and hanging fabrics. We can then use the calculus of variations for the minimization of a surface integral to define the form of a structure. Many existing formfinding techniques can be rewritten in this way, but we concen- trate on surfaces which minimize the surface integral of the mean curvature subject to a constraint on the enclosed volume, producing a surface of constant Gaussian curvature. This naturally leads to the more general study of conjugate stress and curvature directions, and hence to quadrilateral mesh gridshells with flat cladding panels and no bending moments in the structural members under own weight.
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| 4. |
- Aguilar, Helena, et al.
(author)
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VAV3 mediates resistance to breast cancer endocrine therapy
- 2014
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In: Breast Cancer Research. - : BioMed Central. - 1465-5411 .- 1465-542X. ; 16:3, s. R53-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Endocrine therapies targeting cell proliferation and survival mediated by estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) are among the most effective systemic treatments for ERalpha-positive breast cancer. However, most tumors initially responsive to these therapies acquire resistance through mechanisms that involve ERalpha transcriptional regulatory plasticity. Here, we identify VAV3 as a critical component in this process.METHODS: A cell-based chemical compound screen was carried out to identify therapeutic strategies against resistance to endocrine therapy. Binding to ERalpha was evaluated by molecular docking analyses, an agonist fluoligand assay, and short-hairpin (sh) RNA-mediated protein depletion. Microarray analyses were performed to identify altered gene expression. Western blot of signaling and proliferation markers and shRNA-mediated protein depletion in viability and clonogenic assays were performed to delineate the role of VAV3. Genetic variation in VAV3 was assessed for association with the response to tamoxifen. Immunohistochemical analyses of VAV3 were carried out to determine the association with therapy response and different tumor markers. An analysis of gene expression association with drug sensitivity was carried out to identify a potential therapeutic approach based on differential VAV3 expression.RESULTS: The compound YC-1 was found to comparatively reduce the viability of cell models of acquired resistance. This effect was probably not due to activation of its canonical target (soluble guanylyl cyclase) but instead a result of binding to ERalpha. VAV3 was selectively reduced upon exposure to YC-1 or ERalpha depletion and, accordingly, VAV3 depletion comparatively reduced the viability of cell models of acquired resistance. In the clinical scenario, germline variation in VAV3 was associated with response to tamoxifen in Japanese breast cancer patients (rs10494071 combined P value = 8.4 x 10-4). The allele association combined with gene expression analyses indicated that low VAV3 expression predicts better clinical outcome. Conversely, high nuclear VAV3 expression in tumor cells was associated with poorer endocrine therapy response. Based on VAV3 expression levels and the response to erlotinib in cancer cell lines, targeting EGFR signaling may be a promising therapeutic strategy.CONCLUSIONS: This study proposes VAV3 as a biomarker and rationale signaling target to prevent and/or overcome resistance to endocrine therapy in breast cancer.
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| 5. |
- Almlöf, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Energetics of codon-anticodon recognition on the small ribosomal subunit
- 2007
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In: Biochemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0006-2960 .- 1520-4995. ; 46:1, s. 200-209
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent crystal structures of the small ribosomal subunit have made it possible to examine the detailed energetics of codon recognition on the ribosome by computational methods. The binding of cognate and near-cognate anticodon stem loops to the ribosome decoding center, with mRNA containing the Phe UUU and UUC codons, are analyzed here using explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations together with the linear interaction energy (LIE) method. The calculated binding free energies are in excellent agreement with experimental binding constants and reproduce the relative effects of mismatches in the first and second codon position versus a mismatch at the wobble position. The simulations further predict that the Leu2 anticodon stem loop is about 10 times more stable than the Ser stem loop in complex with the Phe UUU codon. It is also found that the ribosome significantly enhances the intrinsic stability differences of codon-anticodon complexes in aqueous solution. Structural analysis of the simulations confirms the previously suggested importance of the universally conserved nucleotides A1492, A1493, and G530 in the decoding process.
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| 6. |
- Ander, Anna Lundborg, et al.
(author)
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[Acute otitis media is not treated according to recommendations. Survey of treatment patterns in emergency centers and community health centers] : Akut otitis media behandlas inte enligt rekommendationer
- 2004
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In: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 101:41
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Usual recommended treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) is antibiotics or expectancy. Different parts of Europe have varying therapy with Holland as an example of more restrictive use of antibiotics. The purpose with this study was to see differences in treatment length, choice of antibiotics, and differences in handling on daytime and emergency hours. 432 case records of children, aged up to ten years were retrospectively investigated. The result shows that antibiotics were prescribed to all except five patients. First choice of antibiotic (70 per cent) was penicillin V that also was more used at emergency hours than daytime at the health centre. Treatment time varied from five to ten days in contrast to national recommendations of five-day therapy. Registrars preferred five-day therapy and specialists seven days. We conclude that penicillin V is first choice of treatment in AOM, that treatment time varies from five to ten days without any underlying reasons and that expectancy was used only in very few cases.
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| 7. |
- Ander, Ann, et al.
(author)
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Äta och dricka , mer än att tugga och svälja
- 2000
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Boken beskrivar en av livets viktigaste aktiviteter -ATT KUNNA ÄTA OCH DRICKA. Boken vill inspirera alla som möter personer som har svårt att äta och dricka. Den vänder sig anhöriga, vårdpersonal, dietister och habiliterings-/rehabiliteringspersonal.
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| 8. |
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| 10. |
- Ander, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
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Changing arenas of underage adolescent binge drinking in Swedish small towns
- 2015
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In: Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. - : SAGE Publications. - 1455-0725 .- 1458-6126. ; 32:4, s. 427-442
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM – The study explores arenas of adolescent binge drinking in small Swedish towns and the meanings these have for young persons. The focus is thus on space and place, and on the geography of underage drinking.DESIGN – An ethnographic approach was used, including direct observations, document studies and contacts with youth workers on local and national levels, and interviews with 28 underage binge-drinking adolescents chosen as informants.FINDINGS – Adolescent binge drinkers seem to have moved away from street and other outdoor drinking arenas to home environments, where they feel they have more control over their party location and participants.CONCLUSIONS – One consequence of outdoor drinking moving indoors is that professional youth workers and police cannot enter party arenas and the only adults who can do so are the parents. This has implications for preventive alcohol strategies and outreach social work. Measures should be directed to parents to make them fully aware of the importance of the party location in their homes.
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