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- Beding-Barnekow, B., et al.
(author)
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Systemic and intraocular uptake of spantide, a tachykinin antagonist, following topical application to the rabbit eye.
- 1990
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In: Experimental Eye Research. - 0014-4835. ; 50:1, s. 21-26
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous observations have indicated that topical application to the rabbit eye of tachykinin antagonists, including spantide, effectively prevents the miosis and the disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier consequent to ocular injury. The present study shows that spantide is taken up into the rabbit eye following topical application. This was established by determination of spantide in the aqueous humor by radioimmunoassay. The concentrations reached in the aqueous humor were those that could be expected to block tachykinin receptors. The elimination of spantide from the aqueous humor was found to be slow. From HPLC analysis it seemed that spantide in the aqueous humor is degraded to smaller products, predominantly spantide 5–11. Some of the topically applied peptide appeared in the general circulation. Here the rate of elimination was rapid by comparison. Very small amounts of spantide appeared in the cerebrospinal fluid after intravenous injection.
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- de Boniface, J., et al.
(author)
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Omitting axillary dissection in breast cancer with sentinel-node metastases
- 2024
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In: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 390:13, s. 1163-1175
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND Trials evaluating the omission of completion axillary-lymph-node dissection in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer and sentinel-lymph-node metastases have been compromised by limited statistical power, uncertain nodal radiotherapy target volumes, and a scarcity of data on relevant clinical subgroups.METHODS We conducted a noninferiority trial in which patients with clinically node-negative primary T1 to T3 breast cancer (tumor size, T1, ≤20 mm; T2, 21 to 50 mm; and T3, >50 mm in the largest dimension) with one or two sentinel-node macrometastases (metastasis size, >2 mm in the largest dimension) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to completion axillary-lymph-node dissection or its omission (sentinel-node biopsy only). Adjuvant treatment and radiation therapy were used in accordance with national guidelines. The primary end point was overall survival. We report here the per-protocol and modified intention-to-treat analyses of the prespecified secondary end point of recurrence-free survival. To show noninferiority of sentinel-node biopsy only, the upper boundary of the confidence interval for the hazard ratio for recurrence or death had to be below 1.44.RESULTS Between January 2015 and December 2021, a total of 2766 patients were enrolled across five countries. The per-protocol population included 2540 patients, of whom 1335 were assigned to undergo sentinel-node biopsy only and 1205 to undergo completion axillary-lymph-node dissection (dissection group). Radiation therapy including nodal target volumes was administered to 1192 of 1326 patients (89.9%) in the sentinel-node biopsy–only group and to 1058 of 1197 (88.4%) in the dissection group. The median follow-up was 46.8 months (range, 1.5 to 94.5). Overall, 191 patients had recurrence or died. The estimated 5-year recurrence-free survival was 89.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 87.5 to 91.9) in the sentinel-node biopsy–only group and 88.7% (95% CI, 86.3 to 91.1) in the dissection group, with a country-adjusted hazard ratio for recurrence or death of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.66 to 1.19), which was significantly (P<0.001) below the prespecified noninferiority margin.CONCLUSIONS The omission of completion axillary-lymph-node dissection was noninferior to the more extensive surgery in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer who had sentinel-node macrometastases, most of whom received nodal radiation therapy. (Funded by the Swedish Research Council and others; SENOMAC ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02240472.).
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- Persson, Carl, et al.
(author)
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Airway permeability
- 1995
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In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 1365-2222. ; 25:9, s. 807-814
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Research review (peer-reviewed)
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