| 1. |
- Abgrall, Remi, et al.
(author)
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Analysis of the SBP-SAT Stabilization for Finite Element Methods Part I: Linear Problems
- 2020
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In: Journal of Scientific Computing. - : Springer. - 0885-7474 .- 1573-7691. ; 85:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the hyperbolic community, discontinuous Galerkin (DG) approaches are mainly applied when finite element methods are considered. As the name suggested, the DG framework allows a discontinuity at the element interfaces, which seems for many researchers a favorable property in case of hyperbolic balance laws. On the contrary, continuous Galerkin methods appear to be unsuitable for hyperbolic problems and there exists still the perception that continuous Galerkin methods are notoriously unstable. To remedy this issue, stabilization terms are usually added and various formulations can be found in the literature. However, this perception is not true and the stabilization terms are unnecessary, in general. In this paper, we deal with this problem, but present a different approach. We use the boundary conditions to stabilize the scheme following a procedure that are frequently used in the finite difference community. Here, the main idea is to impose the boundary conditions weakly and specific boundary operators are constructed such that they guarantee stability. This approach has already been used in the discontinuous Galerkin framework, but here we apply it with a continuous Galerkin scheme. No internal dissipation is needed even if unstructured grids are used. Further, we point out that we do not need exact integration, it suffices if the quadrature rule and the norm in the differential operator are the same, such that the summation-by-parts property is fulfilled meaning that a discrete Gauss Theorem is valid. This contradicts the perception in the hyperbolic community that stability issues for pure Galerkin scheme exist. In numerical simulations, we verify our theoretical analysis.
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| 2. |
- Abgrall, Remi, et al.
(author)
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Analysis of the SBP-SAT Stabilization for Finite Element Methods Part II: Entropy Stability
- 2023
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In: Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation. - : Springer. - 2096-6385 .- 2661-8893. ; 5:2, s. 573-595
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the hyperbolic research community, there exists the strong belief that a continuous Galerkin scheme is notoriously unstable and additional stabilization terms have to be added to guarantee stability. In the first part of the series [6], the application of simultaneous approximation terms for linear problems is investigated where the boundary conditions are imposed weakly. By applying this technique, the authors demonstrate that a pure continuous Galerkin scheme is indeed linearly stable if the boundary conditions are imposed in the correct way. In this work, we extend this investigation to the nonlinear case and focus on entropy conservation. By switching to entropy variables, we provide an estimation of the boundary operators also for nonlinear problems, that guarantee conservation. In numerical simulations, we verify our theoretical analysis.
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| 3. |
- Dao, Tuan Anh, 1994-
(author)
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Invariant domain preserving schemes for magnetohydrodynamics
- 2024
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) studies the behaviors of ionized gases, such as plasmas, in the presence of a magnetic field. MHD is used in many applications, such as geophysics, space physics, and nuclear fusion.Despite intensive research in recent decades, many physical and numerical aspects of MHD are not well understood. The challenges inherent in solving MHD stem from the obstacles encountered in ordinary hydrodynamics, such as those described by the compressible Euler/Navier-Stokes equations, along with the intricacies arising from electromagnetism. A characteristic of compressible flows is their tendency to develop shocks/discontinuities over time. This often leads to unphysical traits in numerical approximations if the capturing scheme is not constructed properly. By physical laws, the magnetic field is solenoidal. However, in practice, numerical schemes seldom ensure this property precisely, which may lead to instability and convergence to wrong solutions. In numerical simulation of many applications, positive physical quantities such as density and pressure can easily become negative. On the whole, preserving the physical relevance of the numerical solutions poses a significant challenge in MHD.This thesis presents several numerical schemes based on Galerkin approximations to solve MHD. The schemes rely on viscous regularization, a technique to remove mathematical singularities by adding a vanishing viscosity term to the MHD equations. At the continuous level, we propose several choices of viscous regularization and rigorously show that they are consistent with thermodynamics. Based on these choices, we construct numerical schemes of which robustness is confirmed through many challenging benchmarks. Finally, we propose a nonconventional algorithm that simultaneously preserves many desirable physical properties, including positivity of density and internal energy, conservation of total energy, minimum entropy principle, and zero magnetic divergence.
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| 4. |
- Pettersson, Per, 1981-
(author)
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Uncertainty Quantification and Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws
- 2013
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Conservation laws with uncertain initial and boundary conditions are approximated using a generalized polynomial chaos expansion approach where the solution is represented as a generalized Fourier series of stochastic basis functions, e.g. orthogonal polynomials or wavelets. The stochastic Galerkin method is used to project the governing partial differential equation onto the stochastic basis functions to obtain an extended deterministic system.The stochastic Galerkin and collocation methods are used to solve an advection-diffusion equation with uncertain viscosity. We investigate well-posedness, monotonicity and stability for the stochastic Galerkin system. High-order summation-by-parts operators and weak imposition of boundary conditions are used to prove stability. We investigate the impact of the total spatial operator on the convergence to steady-state. Next we apply the stochastic Galerkin method to Burgers' equation with uncertain boundary conditions. An analysis of the truncated polynomial chaos system presents a qualitative description of the development of the solution over time. An analytical solution is derived and the true polynomial chaos coefficients are shown to be smooth, while the corresponding coefficients of the truncated stochastic Galerkin formulation are shown to be discontinuous. We discuss the problematic implications of the lack of known boundary data and possible ways of imposing stable and accurate boundary conditions.We present a new fully intrusive method for the Euler equations subject to uncertainty based on a Roe variable transformation. The Roe formulation saves computational cost compared to the formulation based on expansion of conservative variables. Moreover, it is more robust and can handle cases of supersonic flow, for which the conservative variable formulation fails to produce a bounded solution. A multiwavelet basis that can handle discontinuities in a robust way is used.Finally, we investigate a two-phase flow problem. Based on regularity analysis of the generalized polynomial chaos coefficients, we present a hybrid method where solution regions of varying smoothness are coupled weakly through interfaces. In this way, we couple smooth solutions solved with high-order finite difference methods with non-smooth solutions solved for with shock-capturing methods.
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| 5. |
- Wahlsten, Markus, 1986-
(author)
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Uncertainty quantification for wave propagation and flow problems with random data
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this thesis we study partial differential equations with random inputs. The effects that different boundary conditions with random data and uncertain geometries have on the solution are analyzed. Further, comparisons and couplings between different uncertainty quantification methods are performed. The numerical simulations are based on provably strongly stable finite difference formulations based on summation-by-parts operators and a weak implementation of boundary and interface conditions.The first part of this thesis treats the construction of variance reducing boundary conditions. It is shown how the variance of the solution can be manipulated by the choice of boundary conditions, and a close relation between the variance of the solution and the energy estimate is established. The technique is studied on both a purely hyperbolic system as well as an incompletely parabolic system of equations. The applications considered are the Euler, Maxwell's, and Navier--Stokes equations.The second part focuses on the effect of uncertain geometry on the solution. We consider a two-dimensional advection-diffusion equation with a stochastically varying boundary. We transform the problem to a fixed domain where comparisons can be made. Numerical results are performed on a problem in heat transfer, where the frequency and amplitude of the prescribed uncertainty are varied.The final part of the thesis is devoted to the comparison and coupling of different uncertainty quantification methods. An efficiency analysis is performed using the intrusive polynomial chaos expansion with stochastic Galerkin projection, and nonintrusive numerical integration. The techniques are compared using the non-linear viscous Burgers' equation. A provably stable coupling procedure for the two methods is also constructed. The general coupling procedure is exemplified using a hyperbolic system of equations.
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