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- Munk, P., et al.
(författare)
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Genomic analysis of sewage from 101 countries reveals global landscape of antimicrobial resistance
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global health. Understanding the emergence, evolution, and transmission of individual antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is essential to develop sustainable strategies combatting this threat. Here, we use metagenomic sequencing to analyse ARGs in 757 sewage samples from 243 cities in 101 countries, collected from 2016 to 2019. We find regional patterns in resistomes, and these differ between subsets corresponding to drug classes and are partly driven by taxonomic variation. The genetic environments of 49 common ARGs are highly diverse, with most common ARGs carried by multiple distinct genomic contexts globally and sometimes on plasmids. Analysis of flanking sequence revealed ARG-specific patterns of dispersal limitation and global transmission. Our data furthermore suggest certain geographies are more prone to transmission events and should receive additional attention.
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| 5. |
- Gnosa, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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AEG-1 expression is an independent prognostic factor in rectal cancer patients with preoperative radiotherapy : a study in a Swedish clinical trial
- 2014
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - London, United Kingdom : Nature Publishing Group. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 111:1, s. 166-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Preoperative radiotherapy (RT) is widely used to downstage rectal tumours, but the rate of recurrence varies significantly. Therefore, new biomarkers are needed for better treatment and prognosis. It has been shown that astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is a key mediator of migration, invasion, and treatment resistance. Our aim was to analyse the AEG-1 expression in relation to RT in rectal cancer patients and to test its radiosensitising properties.Methods: The AEG-1 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 158 patients from the Swedish clinical trial of RT. Furthermore, we inhibited the AEG-1 expression by siRNA in five colon cancer cell lines and measured the survival after irradiation by colony-forming assay. Results: The AEG-1 expression was increased in the primary tumours compared with the normal mucosa independently of the RT (P<0.01). High AEG-1 expression in the primary tumour of the patients treated with RT correlated independently with higher risk of distant recurrence (P = 0.009) and worse disease-free survival (P = 0.007). Downregulation of AEG-1 revealed a decreased survival after radiation in radioresistant colon cancer cell lines.Conclusions: The AEG-1 expression was independently related to distant recurrence and disease-free survival in rectal cancer patients with RT and could therefore be a marker to discriminate patients for distant relapse.
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| 7. |
- Laverock, J., et al.
(författare)
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k-resolved susceptibility function of 2H-TaSe2 from angle-resolved photoemission
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 88:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The connection between the Fermi surface and charge-density-wave (CDW) order is revisited in 2H-TaSe2. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, ab initio band-structure calculations, and an accurate tight-binding model, we develop the empirical k-resolved susceptibility function, which we use to highlight states that contribute to the susceptibility for a particular q vector. We show that although the Fermi surface is involved in the peaks in the susceptibility associated with CDW order, it is not through conventional Fermi surface nesting, but rather through finite energy transitions from states located far from the Fermi level. Comparison with monolayer TaSe2 illustrates the different mechanisms that are involved in the absence of bilayer splitting.
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| 8. |
- Laverock, J., et al.
(författare)
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Resonant Soft-X-Ray Emission as a Bulk Probe of Correlated Electron Behavior in Metallic SrxCa1-xVO3
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 111:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evolution of electron correlation in SrxCa1-xVO3 has been studied using a combination of bulk-sensitive resonant soft x-ray emission spectroscopy, surface-sensitive photoemission spectroscopy, and ab initio band structure calculations. We show that the effect of electron correlation is enhanced at the surface. Strong incoherent Hubbard subbands are found to lie similar to 20% closer in energy to the coherent quasiparticle features in surface-sensitive photoemission spectroscopy measurements compared with those from bulk-sensitive resonant soft x-ray emission spectroscopy, and a similar to 10% narrowing of the overall bandwidth at the surface is also observed.
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| 9. |
- Liedberg, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Interstitial laser coagulation versus transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic enlargement - A prospective Randomized study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 37:6, s. 494-497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Interstitial laser coagulation (ILC) of the prostate is a minimally invasive method for treating symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). We performed a prospective randomized study to compare the clinical outcomes of ILC and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Material and Methods: Between December 1997 and February 2000, 38 patients with moderate-to-severe symptomatic BPE were included in the study. Seven were subsequently excluded due to intercurrent disease or protocol violation and the remaining 31 were randomized to either TURP (n = 11) or ILC (n = 20). A suprapubic tube was inserted in all ILC-treated patients, and ILC was performed as an outpatient procedure when feasible. Data were recorded preoperatively and at 3-month and 1-year follow-up. The assessment parameters were International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), uroflow, prostate volume determined by means of transrectal ultrasound and postvoid residue. Results: At 1-year follow-up, uroflowmetry indicated a more pronounced increase in peak urinary flow rate (Q(max) ) in the TURP patients than in the ILC subjects (p < 0.02). Differences in postvoid residue, IPSS and prostate volume between the two treatments could not be evaluated due to the small number of patients in each group. Postoperative urinary tract infections occurred in 13 ILC patients but in only one TURP subject, and catheterization was done for 24 days after ILC and for 2 days after TURP. The study was ended prematurely due to the prolonged postoperative catheterization and the high rate of urinary tract infections in the ILC patients. Conclusions: At 1-year follow-up, the increase in Q(max) was smaller in the ILC subjects than in the TURP patients. The ILC subjects had comparatively more postoperative urinary tract infections and more prolonged postoperative catheterization than the TURP patients.
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