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- Zeybel, M., et al.
(author)
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Combined metabolic activators therapy ameliorates liver fat in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients
- 2021
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In: Molecular Systems Biology. - : EMBO. - 1744-4292. ; 17:10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to excess fat accumulation in the liver. In animal experiments and human kinetic study, we found that administration of combined metabolic activators (CMAs) promotes the oxidation of fat, attenuates the resulting oxidative stress, activates mitochondria, and eventually removes excess fat from the liver. Here, we tested the safety and efficacy of CMA in NAFLD patients in a placebo-controlled 10-week study. We found that CMA significantly decreased hepatic steatosis and levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, and creatinine, whereas found no differences on these variables in the placebo group after adjustment for weight loss. By integrating clinical data with plasma metabolomics and inflammatory proteomics as well as oral and gut metagenomic data, we revealed the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the reduced hepatic fat and inflammation in NAFLD patients and identified the key players involved in the host-microbiome interactions. In conclusion, we showed that CMA can be used to develop a pharmacological treatment strategy in NAFLD patients.
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- Zeybel, M., et al.
(author)
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Multiomics Analysis Reveals the Impact of Microbiota on Host Metabolism in Hepatic Steatosis
- 2022
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In: Advanced Science. - : Wiley. - 2198-3844. ; 9:11, s. 2104373-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a complex disease involving alterations in multiple biological processes regulated by the interactions between obesity, genetic background, and environmental factors including the microbiome. To decipher hepatic steatosis (HS) pathogenesis by excluding critical confounding factors including genetic variants and diabetes, 56 heterogenous MAFLD patients are characterized by generating multiomics data including oral and gut metagenomics as well as plasma metabolomics and inflammatory proteomics data. The dysbiosis in the oral and gut microbiome is explored and the host–microbiome interactions based on global metabolic and inflammatory processes are revealed. These multiomics data are integrated using the biological network and HS's key features are identified using multiomics data. HS is finally predicted using these key features and findings are validated in a follow-up cohort, where 22 subjects with varying degree of HS are characterized.
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- Walsh, M. T., et al.
(author)
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Uniaxial tensile testing approaches for characterisation of atherosclerotic plaques
- 2014
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In: Journal of Biomechanics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9290 .- 1873-2380. ; 47:4, s. 793-804
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The pathological changes associated with the development of atherosclerotic plaques within arterial vessels result in significant alterations to the mechanical properties of the diseased arterial wall. There are several methods available to characterise the mechanical behaviour of atherosclerotic plaque tissue, and it is the aim of this paper to review the use of uniaxial mechanical testing. In the case of atherosclerotic plaques, there are nine studies that employ uniaxial testing to characterise mechanical behaviour. A primary concern regarding this limited cohort of published studies is the wide range of testing techniques that are employed. These differing techniques have resulted in a large variance in the reported data making comparison of the mechanical behaviour of plaques from different vasculatures, and even the same vasculature, difficult and sometimes impossible. In order to address this issue, this paper proposes a more standardised protocol for uniaxial testing of diseased arterial tissue that allows for better comparisons and firmer conclusions to be drawn between studies. To develop such a protocol, this paper reviews the acquisition and storage of the tissue, the testing approaches, the post-processing techniques and the stress-strain measures employed by each of the nine studies. Future trends are also outlined to establish the role that uniaxial testing can play in the future of arterial plaque mechanical characterisation.
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- Abadal, Sergi, et al.
(author)
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Electromagnetic Nanonetworks Beyond 6G : From Wearable and Implantable Networks to On-Chip and Quantum Communication
- 2024
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In: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0733-8716 .- 1558-0008. ; 42:8, s. 2122-2142
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Emerging from the symbiotic combination of nanotechnology and communications, the field of nanonetworking has come a long way since its inception more than fifteen years ago. Significant progress has been achieved in several key communication technologies as enablers of the paradigm, as well as in the multiple application areas that it opens. In this paper, the focus is placed on the electromagnetic nanonetworking paradigm, providing an overview of the advances made in wireless nanocommunication technology from microwave through terahertz to optical bands. The characteristics and potential of the compared technologies are then confronted with the requirements and challenges of the broad set of nanonetworking applications in the Internet of NanoThings (IoNT) and on-chip networks paradigms, including quantum computing applications for the first time. Finally, a selection of cross-cutting issues and possible directions for future work are given, aiming to guide researchers and practitioners towards the next generation of electromagnetic nanonetworks.
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- Petrov, Vitaly, et al.
(author)
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Guest Editorial : Electromagnetic Nanonetworks: From On-Chip Communication to Wearable and Implantable Networks
- 2024
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In: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0733-8716 .- 1558-0008. ; 42:8, s. 1963-1966
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Nanotechnology is enabling the development of devices on a scale ranging from one to a few hundred nanometers. At this scale, a nanomachine is defined as the most basic functional unit, integrated by nano-components which can carry out sensing and actuation. Coordination and information communication among several nanomachines expand the potential applications of individual devices both in terms of complexity and range of operation. The resulting nanonetworks can cover wide areas, to reach unprecedented locations in a non-invasive way. Moreover, the integration of nanonetworks with classical networks and ultimately with the Internet results in a new networking paradigm, which is referred to as the Internet of Nano-Things (IoNT) by Akyildiz and Jornet one and a half decades ago.
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