| 1. |
- Chen, DeJiu, et al.
(author)
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DySCAS System Architecture
- 2007
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Reports (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This deliverable provides an architectural strategy and overall system design forthe DySCAS middleware system as a first step towards a complete systemspecification. The DySCAS Basic Architecture captures both the systemconceptualization and an initial function-level outline without consideringimplementation and technology details. It defines the middleware system in termsof its application and operational contexts, expected features, middleware servicesthat group functions, behaviours, as well as the structuring and implementationdecisions that are most crucial to satisfy the given set of requirements. In thisdocument, we also outline some fundamental strategies for binding themiddleware components to the target platforms and infrastructures and forhandling potential errors at both initialization-time and rum-time, while taking thetechnology support and domain needs into consideration.This deliverable also covers the rationale behind the architecture solutions andprovides a generic framework that relates architecture principles and styles, wellknownmechanisms, and reference models to the expected functionalities andqualities of DySCAS. The aim is to consolidate the proposed solutions and also tofacilitate the communications between DySCAS partners and to third-parties.
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| 2. |
- Freitag, Sonja, et al.
(author)
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Frequent Bending-An Underestimated Burden in Nursing Professions
- 2012
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In: Annals of Occupational Hygiene. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0003-4878 .- 1475-3162. ; 56:6, s. 697-707
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to quantify the total duration per shift in which nurses work in a forward bending position over 20 degrees. Furthermore, the influence of several factors on the occurrence of sagittal trunk inclinations in nurses was investigated. Trunk postures were recorded for nine nursing home nurses from four German nursing homes and 18 hospital nurses from seven hospitals using the CUELA measurement system. A total of 79 shifts, 27 in nursing homes and 52 in hospitals, were analysed. All measurements were supported by video recordings. Specially developed software (WIDAAN 2.75) was used to synchronize the measurement data and video footage. The total duration of inclinations per shift was significantly affected by the working area (nursing home or hospital) with an increase of 25.3 min in nursing homes (95% confidence interval 2.4-48.2; P = 0.032). Another factor was the extent of personal basic care tasks performed by the nurses (P < 0.001). Nursing home nurses worked about twice as long per shift in a forward bending position compared with hospital nurses (112 versus 63 min; P < 0.001) and they assumed almost one-third more inclinations per shift (1541 versus 1170; P = 0.005). Nursing staff perform a large number of inclinations. The amount of time spent by nurses working in a forward bending position was highly dependent on the working area and the extent to which patients were in need of help. It is very likely that future preventive measures, focussing on reducing the huge amount of inclination, would reduce the physical stress in everyday nursing work substantially.
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| 3. |
- Freitag, Sonja, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Messtechnische Analyse von belastenden Körperhaltungen bei Pflegekräften : eine geriatrische Station im Vergleich mit anderen Krankenhausstationen
- 2007
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In: ErgoMed. - 0170-2327. ; 31, s. 130-140
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Employees in nursing professions are at increased risk of developing musculoskeletal symptoms of the back. The level of physical stress for the nurse may depend on the type of patient. Nurses who mostly care for older people of restricted mobility are exposed to particularly high physical stress, one reason being that they must transport heavy loads when transferring patients. In addition, static physical postures and frequent bending and rotation of the upper body have been discussed in the literature as possible risk factors. In the present study, the personal CUELA measurement system was used to measure all adopted trunk postures and the movements of a qualified geriatric nurse on a geriatric ward over the course of three successive early shifts, in order to quantify the occurrence of awkward postures. The measurement results from this ward were compared with those from other hospital wards (for surgery and internal medicine). The nurse on the geriatric ward adopted an inclination of the upper body of greater than 20 degrees for an average of 1,390 times per shift. This was 25% greater than the value found for the volunteers in the wards for surgery and internal medicine (1,116 times). In the geriatric ward, almost 70% of the major inclinations of the trunk (above 60 degrees) were linked to work at the patient's bed, in comparison to 42% in the other wards. The results of these measurements suggest, for example, that consistent adjustment of the height of the bed could reduce the frequency and extent of major inclination of the trunk. Reduction in the physical stress from awkward postures can help to protect the health of employees in nursing professions.
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| 4. |
- Pirc, Katja, et al.
(author)
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An oomycete NLP cytolysin forms transient small pores in lipid membranes
- 2022
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In: Science advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 8:10, s. eabj9406-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Microbial plant pathogens secrete a range of effector proteins that damage host plants and consequently constrain global food production. Necrosis and ethylene-inducing peptide 1-like proteins (NLPs) are produced by numerous phytopathogenic microbes that cause important crop diseases. Many NLPs are cytolytic, causing cell death and tissue necrosis by disrupting the plant plasma membrane. Here, we reveal the unique molecular mechanism underlying the membrane damage induced by the cytotoxic model NLP. This membrane disruption is a multistep process that includes electrostatic-driven, plant-specific lipid recognition, shallow membrane binding, protein aggregation, and transient pore formation. The NLP-induced damage is not caused by membrane reorganization or large-scale defects but by small membrane ruptures. This distinct mechanism of lipid membrane disruption is highly adapted to effectively damage plant cells.
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