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- Bandara, Tmwj, et al.
(author)
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Efficiency enhancement and chrono-photoelectron generation in dye-sensitized solar cells based on spin-coated TiO2 nanoparticle multilayer photoanodes and a ternary iodide gel polymer electrolyte
- 2023
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In: Journal of Materials Science-Materials in Electronics. - 0957-4522. ; 34:28
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of the thickness of a multilayer TiO2 photoanode on the performance of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) made with a polyethylene oxide-based gel polymer electrolyte containing ternary iodides and performance enhancer 4-tert-butylpyridine is studied. Multilayer photoanodes consisting of up to seven layers of TiO2 nano-particles (13 nm and 21 nm) are prepared by spin coating of successive layers. XRD results confirm the predominant presence of the anatase phase of TiO2 in the multilayer structure after sintering. The SEM images reveal the formation of a single TiO2 film upon sintering due to merging of individually deposited layers. The photocurrent density (J(SC)) and the efficiency increase with the number of TiO2 layers exhibiting the maximum efficiency and J(SC) of 5.5% and 12.5 mA cm(-2), respectively, for the 5-layered electrode of total thickness 4.0 mu m with a 9.66 x 10(-8) mol cm(-2) surface dye concentration. The present study introduces a method of determining the rate of effective photoelectron generation and the average time gap between two successive photon absorptions where the respective results are 1.34 molecule(-1) s(-1) and 0.74 s for the most efficient cell studied in this work.
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- Bandara, Tmwj, et al.
(author)
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Nano structured diatom frustules incorporated into TiO2 photoelectrodes to enhance performance of quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells
- 2023
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In: Optical Materials. - 0925-3467. ; 146
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Diatom frustules are incorporated into multilayer photoelectrodes intending to enhance efficiency in dyesensitized solar cells utilizing their light interaction properties. A specific, but ubiquitous in all oceans, pennate-type diatom frustules were used to form the composite layers. Single, double, and triple-layer photoelectrodes were constructed with pure TiO2 (control measurements) as well as with a TiO2/diatom frustule composite. The electrodes were prepared using TiO2 nanoparticles of two sizes (13 and 21 nm) and were analyzed using UV visible absorption and XRD spectra. The morphology of frustules and electrodes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The performance for each photoanode configuration was measured by assembling photoelectrochemical solar cells fabricated with a Pt counter electrode and a gel polymer electrolyte that excludes volatile solvents. The efficiency of the control cell is 3.37%. After replacing the topmost TiO2 layer with a TiO2/diatom frustule composite layer, efficiency increases to 6.78%. This is an impressive efficiency enhancement of 101%. The short circuit current density of frustule-incorporated threelayer cells is 18.1 mA cm-1 while for the control cell it is 8.98 mA cm-1. The enhanced efficiency of cells made with TiO2/diatom frustule composite electrodes and a polyethylene oxide-based gel polymer electrolyte can be attributed to the improved light absorption by the photoanode due to optical scattering and light-trapping effects caused by the presence of diatom frustules. Frustules also can assist in enhancing dye adsorption by increasing the effective specific surface area of the composite photoelectrode due to their nanoporous structure.
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- Nishshanke, G. B. M. M. M., et al.
(author)
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Multi-layers of TiO(2)nanoparticles in the photoelectrode and binary iodides in the gel polymer electrolyte based on poly(ethylene oxide) to improve quasi solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells
- 2021
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In: Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-0768 .- 1432-8488. ; 25:2, s. 707-720
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A gel electrolyte based on poly(ethylene oxide) is optimized in order to improve dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) by varying the contents of a binary mixture of salts, LiI, and Hex(4)NI (tetrahexylammonium iodide). Two series of electrolytes, one excluding and the other including 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (BMII) and 4-tert-butylpyridine (4TBP), are investigated. The added BMII and 4TBP improve the conductivity in electrolytes. The highest conductivities at all the measured temperatures are shown by the electrolyte which includes BMII and 4TBP along with the Hex(4)NI:LiI molar ratio of 3:2. This composition in gel polymer electrolyte exhibits relatively high ionic conductivities, 4.44 x 10(-3)and 6.93 x 10(-3)S cm(-1)at 25 and 50 degrees C, respectively. Quadruple-layered and highly porous nanocrystalline photoelectrodes that are prepared by spin coating TiO(2)nanoparticles of the size 13 and 21 nm were used for the DSC preparation. DSCs that are assembled with BMII and 4TBP added electrolytes exhibit higher efficiencies. The DSC fabricated using the electrolyte having performance enhancers along with Hex(4)NI:LiI molar ratio of 2:3 and the photoelectrode having quadruple layers of TiO(2)nanoparticles exhibit the highest short-circuit current density (11.1 mA cm(-2)), open-circuit voltage (770 mV), and efficiency (5.58%). The stability of the DSC performances is monitored by measuring current-voltage as a function of time. The cell optimized in this study exhibits a good short-term stability. The positive effects of TiO(2)nanoparticle multilayers in the photoelectrodes, as well as of binary salt and performance enhancers in the electrolyte, are successfully utilized to enhance the performance of DSCs.
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- Albinsson, Ingvar, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells for solar energy systems
- 2005
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In: Proceedings of The 4th Sino-Swedish fuel cell workshop and joint Energy-Environment Forum. Ed. by . Zhu, B. , Mao, Z. , Mellander, B.-E. , Sundén, B. , Zhang, M.. ; , s. 69-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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