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- Andrée O´ Hara, Elisabeth, et al.
(author)
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The impact of body condition after calving on metabolism and milk progesterone profiles in two breeds of dairy cows
- 2016
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In: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 58
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Optimal body condition in early lactation is generally accepted as a prerequisite for good reproductive performance. Examination of milk progesterone profiles offers an objective method for characterization of postpartum ovarian activity in dairy cows. The present study investigated the relationship between body condition after calving, some metabolic parameters in blood plasma, and fertility, as reflected by milk progesterone profiles in the two dairy breeds Swedish Red (SR) and Swedish Holstein (SH).Results: Multiparous dairy cows (n = 73) of SR and SH breeds were selected and divided into three groups based on their body condition score (BCS) after parturition. Selected plasma metabolites were determined, milk progesterone profiles were identified and body condition was scored. Over-conditioned cows and atypical progesterone profiles were more common among SR cows. Insulin sensitivity was lower and IGF 1 higher among SR cows. Insulin was positively related to body condition, but not related to breed.Conclusions: Atypical progesterone profiles were more common and insulin sensitivity lower in SR than in SH cows, but the SR breed had a higher proportion of over-conditioned SR cows. It is reasonable to assume that breed differences in body condition contributed to these results.
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| 2. |
- Andrée, Patrik
(author)
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Oxidative stress and mitochondrial function : role of ubiquinol as antioxidant
- 1996
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Over the last three decades it has been established that biquinone (coenzyme Q), in addition to its function as an electron and proton carrier in the respiratory chain, acts in its reduced form (ubiquinol) as an antioxidant. The main theme of this thesis is a study of the antioxidant function of ubiquinol in preparations of beef heart submitochondrial particles, which consist of inverted vesicular fragments of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Incubation of these particles with ascorbate and ADP-Fe3+ caused a peroxidation of membrane phospholipids, detected by measuring the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. It was found that this process is inhibited by reduction of the endogenous ubiquinone in the particles through the addtion of succinate and antimycin. This effect was abolished when ubiquinone was removed from the particles by pentane extraction, and restored upon reincorporation of ubiquinone. Pentane extraction also removed vitamin E from the particles, showing that the antioxidant effect of ubiquinol was not dependent on vitamin E. Parallel to lipid peroxidation, treatment with ascorbate and ADP-Fe3+ also caused an oxidation of proteins in the particles, which could be detected by measuring the formation of protein carbonyls. This effect also was prevented by ubiquinol. Among the proteins undergoing oxidation, and protected by ubiquinol, the adenine nucleotide translocator was identified by SDS-PAGE analysis and immunoblotting. Functional studies revealed an inhibition of the NADH and succinate oxidase activities in the course of lipid peroxidation, and this effect was accompanied by a degradation of ubiquinone in the particles. Maintaining ubiquinone in the reduced state prevented these effects. The degradation of ubiquinone was dependent on lipid peroxidation and was non-enzymic, which could be shown in experiments with ubiquinone-containing liposomes. Another protein sensitive to ascorbate and ADP-Fe3+ treatment, and protected by ubiquinol, was identified as the proton-translocating nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase. The enzyme was also inactivated by peroxynitrite treatment, but in this case, ubiquinol had no protective effect. Kinetic and immunologic analysis indicated that the inactivation of the enzyme accompanying lipid peroxidation occurred in the proton-translocating membrane domain, whereas peroxynitrite attacked the extramembraneous domains of the enzyme, containing its catalytic sites. A study was also carried out of the effect of reduced plastoquinone in protecting thylakoid membranes of spinach chloroplasts against lipid peroxidation occurring during light-induced oxidative stress. It was found that the extent of lipid peroxidation was dependent on the redox state of the plastoquinone pool, the reduced form acting as an antioxidant. Similar to the ubiquinone pool in submitochondrial particles, the plastoquinone pool in the thylakoid membranes was degraded during lipid peroxidation. The discussion is focused on molecular, physiological, and biomedical aspects of the antioxidant function of ubiquinol.
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| 3. |
- Andreeff, Alexander, 1969-
(author)
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Archaeological Excavations of Picture Stone Sites
- 2012
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In: Gotland's Picture Stones. - Visby : Gotlands museum. - 9789188036865 ; , s. 129-144
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- "Finally, it can be said that the significance of picture stones throughout the centuries has undoubtedly been multifunctional and changing – as territorial marking, a memorial, preserver of oral tradition, burial site and religiously charged artefact. The picture stones have played a key role in the Gotlandic society in the late Iron Age and early Medieval Period, they were a focal point for social and ideological communication between the people of their time."
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| 6. |
- Andreeff, Alexander, 1969-
(author)
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Arkeologiska undersökningar av bildstensplats och stengrundshus vid Buttle Änge, Gotland
- 2017. - 1
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In: Arkeologi på Gotland 2. - Visby : Gotlands Museum. - 9789188759030 ; , s. 191-197
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Husgrunderna från Buttle Änge visar, förutom sin skilda storlek, upp en olikartad karaktär vad gäller konstruktion, kulturlagrens djup och delvis fyndmaterial. Vidare arkeologiska undersökningar och analyser behövs för att klarlägga husens tidshorisont, funktion och relation till varandra. Är de skilda husen samtidiga eller förligger det kronologiska och/eller funktionella skillnader? Forskningsprojektet syftar även till att ge en ökad förståelse av de kronologiska och kontextuella relationerna mellan bildstensplats och gårdsmiljö genom seklerna både vid Buttle Änge och generellt via jämförande studier av andra bildstensplatser och stengrundsmiljöer.
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| 7. |
- Biver, N., et al.
(author)
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Radio observations of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 before and after Deep Impact
- 2007
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In: Icarus. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2643 .- 0019-1035. ; 187:1, s. 253-271
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Comet 9P/Tempel 1 was the target of a multi-wavelength worldwide investigation in 2005. The NASA Deep Impact mission reached the comet on 4.24 July 2005, delivering a 370-kg impactor which hit the comet at 10.3 km s -1 . Following this impact, a cloud of gas and dust was excavated from the comet nucleus. The comet was observed in 2005 prior to and after the impact, at 18-cm wavelength with the Nançay radio telescope, in the millimeter range with the IRAM and CSO radio telescopes, and at 557 GHz with the Odin satellite. OH observations at Nançay provided a 4-month monitoring of the outgassing of the comet from March to June, followed by the observation of H 2 O with Odin from June to August 2005. The peak of outgassing was found to be around 1 × 10 28 molec. s -1 between May and July. Observations conducted with the IRAM 30-m radio telescope in May and July 2005 resulted in detections of HCN, CH 3 OH and H 2 S with classical abundances relative to water (0.12, 2.7 and 0.5%, respectively). In addition, a variation of the HCN production rate with a period of 1.73 ± 0.10 days was observed in May 2005, consistent with the 1.7-day rotation period of the nucleus. The phase of these variations, as well as those of CN seen in July by Jehin et al. [Jehin, E., Manfroid, J., Hutsemékers, D., Cochran, A.L., Arpigny, C., Jackson, W.M., Rauer, H., Schulz, R., Zucconi, J.-M., 2006. Astrophys. J. 641, L145-L148], is consistent with a rotation period of the nucleus of 1.715 days and a strong variation of the outgassing activity by a factor 3 from minimum to maximum. This also implies that the impact took place on the rising phase of the "natural" outgassing which reached its maximum ≈4 h after the impact. Post-impact observations at IRAM and CSO did not reveal a significant change of the outgassing rates and relative abundances, with the exception of CH 3 OH which may have been more abundant by up to one order of magnitude in the ejecta. Most other variations are linked to the intrinsic variability of the comet. The Odin satellite monitored nearly continuously the H 2 O line at 557 GHz during the 38 h following the impact on the 4th of July, in addition to weekly monitoring. Once the periodic variations related to the nucleus rotation are removed, a small increase of outgassing related to the impact is present, which corresponds to the release of ≈ 5000 ± 2000 tons of water. Two other bursts of activity, also observed at other wavelengths, were seen on 23 June and 7 July; they correspond to even larger releases of gas. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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