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- Arnberg, HW, et al.
(author)
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Störningar hos människan från vibrationer i byggnader : Förslag till ett kombinerat simulator- och fältförsök
- 1983
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I rapporten ges en genomgång av de aspekter som kan läggas på människans störningsbenägenhet av infraljud, buller och vibrationer i byggnader. Vidare behandlas de fysiologiska mätmetoder som kan bli aktuella vid registrering av människans upplevelse av buller och vibrationer. Rapporten behandlar i första hand vägtrafikinducerade störningar. I rapporten beskrivs också den vibrationssimulator som har uppbyggts. Några försök med sängar och kuddars överföringsfunktioner samt ett sömnförsök beskrivs. Försökspersoner får sova samtidigt som de har utsatts för olika vibrations- och ljudnivåer. Försöksperso- nernas sömnmönster registreras via EEG (hjärnvågor), EMG (muskelaktivitet) och EOG (ögonrörelser). Detta sker för att kunna fastställa nivåer där sömnstörningar inträder.
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- Arnberg, Filip K, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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A longitudinal follow-up of posttraumatic stress : from 9 months to 20 years after a major road traffic accident
- 2011
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In: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health. - London : BioMed Central. - 1753-2000. ; 5:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Although road traffic accidents (RTA) are a major cause of injury and a cause of posttraumatic stress (PTS) in the aftermath, little is known about the long-term psychological effects of RTA.Methods: This prospective longitudinal study assessed long-term PTS, grief, and general mental health after a bus carrying 23 sixth-grade schoolchildren crashed on a school outing and 12 children died. Directly affected (i.e., children in the crash) and indirectly affected children (i.e., all pupils in the sixth grade who were not in the crash) were surveyed at 9 months (N = 102), 4 years (N = 51), and 20 years (N = 40) after the event. Psychological distresswas assessed by single items, including sadness, avoidance, intrusions, and guilt. After 20 years, PTS was assessed by the Impact of Event Scale–Revised.Results: Stress reactions were prevalent 9 months after the event, with sadness (69%) and avoidance (59%) being highly represented in both directly and indirectly affected groups, whereas, nightmares (60%) and feelings of guilt (50%) were only frequent in those directly affected. The frequency of sadness and avoidance decreased after 4 years in the indirectly exposed (ps < .05). After 20 years, the directly affected had a higher prevalence of PTS (p = .003), but not decreased general mental health (p = .14), than those indirectly affected.Conclusions: The limitations preclude assertive conclusions. Nonetheless, the findings corroborate previous studies reporting traumatic events are associated with long-term PTS, but not with decreased general mental health.
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| 8. |
- Arnberg, Filip K, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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Can Demographic and Exposure Characteristics Predict Levels of Social Support in Survivors from a Natural Disaster?
- 2013
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:6, s. e65709-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective Lack of social support is a strong predictor for poor mental health after disasters. Psychosocial post-disaster interventions may benefit from targeting survivors at risk oflow support, yet it is unknown whether demographic and disaster exposure characteristics are associated with social support. This study assessed if age, gender, educational status, cohabitation, and disaster exposure severity predicted aspects of informal social support in a cohort of Swedish survivors from the 2004 Southeast Asian tsunami.Methods The participants were 3,536 disaster survivors who responded to a mail survey 14 months after the disaster (49% response rate). Their perceptions of present emotional support, contact with others, tangible support, negative support and overall satisfaction with informal support were assessed with the Crisis Support Scale and analysed in five separate ordinal regressions.Results Demographic factors and exposure severity explained variation in social supports although the effect size and predictive efficiency were modest. Cohabitation and female gender were associated with both more positive and more negative support. Single-household men were especially at risk for low emotional support and younger women were more likely to perceive negative support. Higher education was associated with more positive support, whereas no clear pattern was found regarding age as a predictor. Disaster exposure severity was associated with more negative support and less overall support satisfaction.Conclusions After a disaster that entailed little disruptions to the community the associations between demographic characteristics and social support concur with findings in the general population. The findings suggest that psychosocial disaster interventions may benefit from targeting specific groups of survivors.
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| 10. |
- Arnberg, Filip K, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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Fifteen years after a ferry disaster : Clinical interviews and survivors’ self-assessment of their experience
- 2013
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In: European Journal of Psychotraumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8198 .- 2000-8066. ; 4, s. 20650-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background:Disasters yield increased rates of psychological disorders decades later. Other consequences, however, have received little attention in the past.Objective:We aimed to examine diagnostic status and survivors’ views on disaster-related consequences and social support.Methods:A mixed-methods approach was used with 22 survivors (of 49 eligible) 15 years after a ferry disaster. Data collection included audiotaped interviews with open-ended questions and diagnostic assessment of Axis-I disorders.Results:The post-disaster incidence was 54% (12/22) for Axis-I disorders, and 45% (10/22) for full or subsyndromal posttraumatic stress disorder. Thematic analysis revealed that survivor perception of the longterm consequences included positive (character change) and negative aspects (being ascribed a survivor identity). Participants’ sought social support for several years, yet many felt hindered by experiential dissimilarity and distress of significant others.Conclusions:Axis-I disorders were prevalent, but not salient to survivors’ perceptions in the long-term. Postdisaster interventions need to attend to common barriers to support.
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