| 1. |
- Amizhtan, S. K., et al.
(author)
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Impact of Surfactants on the Electrical and Rheological Aspects of Silica Based Synthetic Ester Nanofluids
- 2022
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In: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2169-3536. ; 10, s. 18192-18200
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study reports experimental investigations of the effects of different surfactants (CTAB, Oleic acid and Span 80) on silica based synthetic ester nanofluids. The positive and negative potential observed for the ionic (CTAB) and non-ionic surfactant (Span 80) from zeta potential analysis indicates an improved stability. The optimization of nanofillers and surfactants is performed considering the corona inception voltage measured using ultra high frequency (UHF) technique and fluorescent fiber. Rheological analysis shows no significant variation of properties with shear rate, implying Newtonian behavior even with the addition of surfactant. In addition, the permittivity of the nanofluid is not much affected by adding surfactant but a marginal variation is noticed in the loss tangent with the effect of temperature. The fluorescence spectroscopy shows no change in the emission wavelength with the addition of silica nanofiller and surfactants. Flow electrification studies indicate an increase in the streaming current with the rotation speed and temperature, with a higher current magnitude observed in the case of nanofluids.
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| 2. |
- Anilkumar, V., et al.
(author)
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Impact of heat treatment analysis on the wear behaviour of al-14.2si-0.3mg-tic composite using response surface methodology
- 2021
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In: Tribology in Industry. - : Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac. - 0354-8996 .- 2217-7965. ; 43:4, s. 590-602
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Al-14.2Si-0.3Mg Alloy reinforced with hard phased TiC coarse particulates (10 wt-%) was contrived using the liquid metallurgy route. The so fabricated aluminium metal matrix composites was made to undergo solutionising at 5250C for 12 hours in a heat treatment furnace and was subsequently water quenched to room temperature. The developed composite was then kept for age hardening at varying temperatures and time for enhanced tribological properties. A pin on disc Tribometer (ASTM-G99) was utilised to study the wear properties of the fabricated composite. Aging temperature (0C), applied load (N) and Aging time (hours) were chosen as the process parameters for analysing the material's resistance to wear. Using response surface methodology the influence of reinforcement in the wear properties of the composite was studied. The design of the regression equation was prepared and the impact of each experimental parameter was scrutinized. Results depict that with an increase in the aging temperature, aging time and load, there observed a variation in the materials wear properties. The worn-out surface of the metal matrix composite was then investigated with the help of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
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| 3. |
- Bhargavi, G., et al.
(author)
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Protein-protein interaction of Rv0148 with Htdy and its predicted role towards drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- 2020
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In: Bmc Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2180. ; 20:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides inside host macrophages during infection and adapts to resilient stresses generated by the host immune system. As a response, M. tuberculosis codes for short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs). These SDRs are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-reliant oxidoreductases involved in cell homeostasis. The precise function of oxidoreductases in bacteria especially M. tuberculosis were not fully explored. This study aimed to know the detail functional role of one of the oxidoreductase Rv0148 in M. tuberculosis. Results In silico analysis revealed that Rv0148 interacts with Htdy (Rv3389) and the protein interactions were confirmed using far western blot. Gene knockout mutant of Rv0148 in M. tuberculosis was constructed by specialized transduction. Macrophage cell line infection with this knockout mutant showed increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This knockout mutant is sensitive to oxidative, nitrogen, redox and electron transport inhibitor stress agents. Drug susceptibility testing of the deletion mutant showed resistance to first-line drugs such as streptomycin and ethambutol and second-line aminoglycosides such as amikacin and kanamycin. Based on interactorme analysis for Rv0148 using STRING database, we identified 220 most probable interacting partners for Htdy protein. In the Rv0148 knockout mutants, high expression of htdy was observed and we hypothesize that this would have perturbed the interactome thus resulting in drug resistance. Finally, we propose that Rv0148 and Htdy are functionally interconnected and involved in drug resistance and cell homeostasis of M. tuberculosis. Conclusions Our study suggests that Rv0148 plays a significant role in various functional aspects such as intermediatory metabolism, stress, homeostasis and also in drug resistance.
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| 4. |
- Ragunathrao, Vijay Avin Balaji, et al.
(author)
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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Activity Promotes Tumor Growth by Amplifying VEGF-VEGFR2 Angiogenic Signaling
- 2019
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In: Cell Reports. - : CELL PRESS. - 2211-1247. ; 29:11, s. 3472-3487
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A)-VEGFR2 pathway drives tumor vascularization by activating proangiogenic signaling in endothelial cells (ECs). Here, we show that EC-sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) amplifies VEGFR2-mediated angiogenic signaling to enhance tumor growth. We show that cancer cells induce S1 PR1 activity in ECs, and thereby, conditional deletion of Si PR1 in ECs (EC-Slpr1(-/-) mice) impairs tumor vascularization and growth. Mechanistically, we show that S1 PR1 engages the heterotrimeric G-protein Gi, which amplifies VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling due to an increase in the activity of the tyrosine kinase c-Abl1. c-Abl1, by phosphorylating VEGFR2 at tyrosine-951, prolongs VEGFR2 retention on the plasmalemma to sustain Rac1 activity and EC migration. Thus, S1 PR1 or VEGFR2 antagonists, alone or in combination, reverse the tumor growth in control mice to the level seen in EC-Slpr1(-/-) mice. Our findings suggest that blocking S1 PR1 activity in ECs has the potential to suppress tumor growth by preventing amplification of VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling.
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| 5. |
- Balaji, G., et al.
(author)
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Investigations on Hot-wall deposited Cadmium Sulphide buffer layer for thin film solar cell
- 2018
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In: Materials Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4979 .- 0167-577X. ; 222, s. 82-87
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) thin films were deposited on to well-cleaned soda lime glass substrates using hot wall deposition technique at room temperature. The structure of CdS thin films was found to be hexagonal with < 0 0 2 > orientation and after annealing the film crystallized to < 0 0 2 >, < 1 0 1 >, < 1 0 2 >, < 1 1 2 > directions. Raman Spectroscopy confirmed the hexagonal structure with a shift at 312 cm(1). SAED pattern from the Transmission electron microscopy also confirmed the formation of hexagonal CdS. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy confirmed the formation of CdS with relevant at% of Cd and S. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images revealed smooth surface of the thin film with distinctive grains. Atomic force microscopy results showed a surface roughness of 4.47 nm. Transmission spectra of the films were studied and the transparency was found to be above 80%. The optical band gap was found to be around 2.4 eV in accordance with the reported values. The results show that device quality buffer layers can be deposited using Hot-wall deposition. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Griswold, Max G., et al.
(author)
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Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- 2018
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In: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 392:10152, s. 1015-1035
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, but its overall association with health remains complex given the possible protective effects of moderate alcohol consumption on some conditions. With our comprehensive approach to health accounting within the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we generated improved estimates of alcohol use and alcohol-attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 195 locations from 1990 to 2016, for both sexes and for 5-year age groups between the ages of 15 years and 95 years and older.Methods: Using 694 data sources of individual and population-level alcohol consumption, along with 592 prospective and retrospective studies on the risk of alcohol use, we produced estimates of the prevalence of current drinking, abstention, the distribution of alcohol consumption among current drinkers in standard drinks daily (defined as 10 g of pure ethyl alcohol), and alcohol-attributable deaths and DALYs. We made several methodological improvements compared with previous estimates: first, we adjusted alcohol sales estimates to take into account tourist and unrecorded consumption; second, we did a new meta-analysis of relative risks for 23 health outcomes associated with alcohol use; and third, we developed a new method to quantify the level of alcohol consumption that minimises the overall risk to individual health.Findings: Globally, alcohol use was the seventh leading risk factor for both deaths and DALYs in 2016, accounting for 2.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1.5-3.0) of age-standardised female deaths and 6.8% (5.8-8.0) of age-standardised male deaths. Among the population aged 15-49 years, alcohol use was the leading risk factor globally in 2016, with 3.8% (95% UI 3.2-4-3) of female deaths and 12.2% (10.8-13-6) of male deaths attributable to alcohol use. For the population aged 15-49 years, female attributable DALYs were 2.3% (95% UI 2.0-2.6) and male attributable DALYs were 8.9% (7.8-9.9). The three leading causes of attributable deaths in this age group were tuberculosis (1.4% [95% UI 1. 0-1. 7] of total deaths), road injuries (1.2% [0.7-1.9]), and self-harm (1.1% [0.6-1.5]). For populations aged 50 years and older, cancers accounted for a large proportion of total alcohol-attributable deaths in 2016, constituting 27.1% (95% UI 21.2-33.3) of total alcohol-attributable female deaths and 18.9% (15.3-22.6) of male deaths. The level of alcohol consumption that minimised harm across health outcomes was zero (95% UI 0.0-0.8) standard drinks per week.Interpretation: Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for global disease burden and causes substantial health loss. We found that the risk of all-cause mortality, and of cancers specifically, rises with increasing levels of consumption, and the level of consumption that minimises health loss is zero. These results suggest that alcohol control policies might need to be revised worldwide, refocusing on efforts to lower overall population-level consumption.
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| 10. |
- Amer, Abdelhalim, et al.
(author)
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Scaling FMM with data-driven OpenMP tasks on multicore architectures
- 2016
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In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. ; 9903 LNCS, s. 156-170
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Poor scalability on parallel architectures can be attributed to several factors, among which idle times, data movement, and runtime overhead are predominant. Conventional parallel loops and nested parallelism have proved successful for regular computational patterns. For more complex and irregular cases, however, these methods often perform poorly because they consider only a subset of these costs. Although data-driven methods are gaining popularity for efficiently utilizing computational cores, their data movement and runtime costs can be prohibitive for highly dynamic and irregular algorithms, such as fast multipole methods (FMMs). Furthermore, loop tiling, a technique that promotes data locality and has been successful for regular parallel methods, has received little attention in the context of dynamic and irregular parallelism. We present a method to exploit loop tiling in data-driven parallel methods. Here, we specify a methodology to spawn work units characterized by a high data locality potential. Work units operate on tiled computational patterns and serve as building blocks in an OpenMP task-based data-driven execution. In particular, by the adjusting work unit granularity, idle times and runtime overheads are also taken into account. We apply this method to a popular FMM implementation and show that, with careful tuning, the new method outperforms existing parallel-loop and user-level thread-based implementations by up to fourfold on 48 cores.
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