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- Bengtsson, Henning, 1974-
(author)
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Att utveckla mellanstadieelevers kritiska och temporala tänkande : En lärandeverksamhetsteoretisk studie rörande hållbar utveckling
- 2021
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of the study is to investigate what critical and temporal thinking can mean for younger students (aged 9-10) that requires the adoption of various perspectives in the context of sustainable urban planning, and how such knowing can be orchestrated in joint theoretical exploration work. A particular area of interest is the concept of contradictions (as used in activity theory) as a potential didactic tool for the subject, i.e. in what way it can be a driver for students and teachers to jointly identify problems, explore knowledge content with different tools (learning models) and discuss possible creative solutions to environmental and sustainability issues.This study used the learning study research approach. In collaboration with teachers, lessons were designed, analysed and evaluated to extract knowledge through the iterative process that characterises this approach. The design of the research lessons was structured in accordance with Davydov’s theory of learning activity. The students’ experiences were analysed phenomenographically and the analysis of the lessons was guided by Engeström and Sannino’s conceptual tools for how contradictions can manifest themselves (such as in dilemmas, conflicts and double-binds). The results of the study include phenomenographical descriptions of what it means to know how to use a natural site for sustainable urban planning, and what critical aspects students need to be able to discern in order to be competent to participate in such a practice. The results also show that the way contradictions are manifested in joint work (involving teachers and students) affects the form of practice that develops and the opportunities for students to jointly make the problem their own and explore the complexity of sustainable urban planning using mediating tools (learning models).The discussion highlights how the results of the study can be used as tools for designing, implementing and evaluating teaching, and, more broadly, the results are reflected in ways in which the task used in the research lessons can be developed.
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- Bengtsson, Inger M., 1944, et al.
(author)
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Lasting impact on health-related quality of life after a first myocardial infarction.
- 2004
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In: International journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273. ; 97:3, s. 509-16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: To investigate if the previously reported lack of recovery in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), in myocardial infarction, patients, would be long lasting. METHODS: Of 72 consecutive patients (19% women) with a mean age of 59 years, 65 consented to participate in a follow-up 1 and 2 years after their first myocardial infarction. HRQOL was assessed by self-administered questionnaires (SF-36, Cardiac Health Profile and Zung Depression Inventory). RESULTS: For the age group <59 years, there was no statistically significant recovery in SF-36 Mental Component Summary scores over time. There were improvements in Physical Component Summary scores, from baseline to 12 and to 24 months (p=0.006 and p<0.001, respectively) and from 6 to 24 months (p=0.044). This group reached community norms in Physical Component Summary scores after 2 years but scored significantly below norms in Mental Component Summary scores throughout with an effect size of -0.5 (CI -0.88 to -0.14) at 2 years. In patients > or =59 years, no changes took place after 6 months. At 2 years, factors Emotional and Social Functioning in the Cardiac Health Profile showed statistically significant differences between groups (p=0.03 and p=0.05, respectively) demonstrating poorer quality of life in the age group <59 years. CONCLUSIONS: In younger patients, a clinically important poorer effect on Health-Related Quality of life is still present 2 years after an acute myocardial infarction.
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- Bengtsson, Inger M., 1944
(author)
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Psychosocial and stress-related aspects on ischemic heart disease
- 2011
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Objective: To study different aspects of ischemic heart disease (IHD) i.e. stress related risk factors, biochemical markers of stress, in particular the cortisol awakening response (CAR) and outcome in terms of health related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: 72 myocardial infarction (AMI) patients took part in the HRQoL studies. From a subsample of a population-based cohort of Swedish adults 194 men and women, 15% with the metabolic syndrome (MetS), took part in awakening cortisol sampling. The risk factor study was conducted on 290 previous chest pain patients. Assessment of HRQoL was via questionnaires (SF-36, CHP, Zung). CAR was performed by measuring salivary cortisol and medical records or death certificates were read identifying ischemic heart or cerebrovascular disease during 14-years of follow-up. Results: Patients < 59 years improved in SF-36 Physical Component scores (PCS) but not in Mental Component scores (MCS), and scored significantly below community norms in both PCS, mean (CI) = 44.7 (40.6–48.7) vs. 50.3 (49.3–51.4) and MCS = 45.9 (41.8–49.9) vs. 51.3 (50.3–52.4) at 6 months. Predictors for MCS were age (p=0.03) and Vitality (p=0.02). Predictors for PCS were Physical Function (p=0.01) and CCS angina scores (p < 0.001). Angina was negatively related to HRQoL. Patients < 59 years reached community norms in PCS after 2 years but scored significantly below norms in MCS throughout with an effect size of -0.5 (CI -0.88 to -0.14) at 2 years. In patients ≥ 59 years, no changes took place after 6 months. A significant difference in CAR% was found between men and women with MetS, mean (±SE) = 38.5 (13.1)% and 91.4 (17.0)%, p=0.02. Women with the MetS awoke with the lowest cortisol level, mean (± SE) = 8.92 (0.96) nmol/l. Women without MetS had a CAR% of 36.5 (5.7)% and a awakening cortisol level of 12.33 (0.69) nmol/l. The values for men were 38.5 (13.1)% and 36.0 (6.1)%. 74 patients had died or been hospitalised with a diagnosis of IHD or cerebrovascular disease. Age (OR 1.1, CI 1.1–1.2), previous history of angina pectoris (OR 9.7, CI 2.1–71.6), pathological ECG at ED (OR 3.3, CI 1.2–8.7), hypertension (OR 5.0, CI 1.9–13.8) and smoking (OR 3.0, CI 1.3–7.6) were all associated with future IHD or cerebrovascular events. Noradrenalin (NA) levels were highest in the event group compared with the non-event group, mean (± SD) = 2.44 (1.02) versus 1.90 (0.75) and lowest in the non-participants 1.80 (0.61) nmol/l. Cortisol values were lowest in the event group, mean ± (SD) = 377(133) nmol/l. Conclusion: Inferior health in younger compared to older AMI patients in mental health domains of HRQoL was detected as was a sex difference in the cortisol awakening response between men and women with MetS. Traditional risk factors were found to predict future diagnosis of ischemic heart or cerebrovascular disease 14 years after a hospital visit for chest pain.
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- Bengtsson, Inger M., 1944, et al.
(author)
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The cortisol awakening response and the metabolic syndrome in a population-based sample of middle-aged men and women.
- 2010
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In: Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 0026-0495 .- 1532-8600. ; 59:7, s. 1012-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective was to explore the relationship between the cortisol awakening response (CAR) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. The final study sample consisted of 91 women (14 with MetS) and 84 men (15 with MetS), aged 45 to 70 years, from a general population sample. The only exclusion criteria were no consent, pregnancy, or insufficient cortisol testing. On the day of measurement (weekday), salivary cortisol was sampled at awakening and 15 minutes after awakening. Relative CAR (CAR%) and the MetS were the main variables studied. Results showed that, in women with the MetS, cortisol at awakening was significantly lower (mean, 8.92 vs 12.33 nmol/L; P = .05) and the CAR was significantly higher (91.4% vs 36.5%, P < .001) than in women without the syndrome. Significant difference in the relative CAR was also present between men and women with MetS (38.5% and 91.4%, respectively; P = .02). No difference was seen in the awakening response comparing men with and without the MetS. In a regression model, the response to awakening was dependent on the MetS in women (F1,89 = 13.19, P < .001); but the model was not significant in men. Furthermore, the awakening response was associated with more depressive symptoms in women (F1,80 = 8.12, P = .01) and with weekday/weekend cortisol sampling in men (F1,82 = 4.63, P = .03). The association between the relative CAR and the MetS remained significant but somewhat attenuated after adjusting for depressive symptoms (P = .01). Results indicate a sex difference in the CAR% in the presence of the MetS independent of depressive symptoms, a known correlate of the MetS.
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- Bengtsson, Jan, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Elevers och lärares lärande i skolan – livsvärldsliga grunder
- 2015
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In: Lärande ur ett livsvärldsperspektiv. - Malmö : Gleerups. - 9789140687111 ; , s. 15-34
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Centrala dimensioner för lärande i livsvärlden utgörs av individer och deras värld, samt det innehåll som ska läras. Med grund i livsvärldsteorin utvecklas innebörder i dessa dimensioner och hur de samverkar i lärandet. Kapitlet utgör en grund och referensram för innehållet i de övriga kapitlen i antologin. I kapitlet beskrivs skolan som en regional värld med särskilda karakteristika som får sin mening via hur människor förstår och använder det som finns där. Det är i skolan som elever och lärare lär sig en mängd olika innehåll.
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- Bengtsson, Jan, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Learning daily activities – A life-world approach
- 2003
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In: Paper publicerat i Proceedings på CD från 11th International Mobility Conference IMC11, 30 March–11 April, Stellenbosch Sydafrika.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to enhance the rehabilitation for visually impaired and blind persons it is of great importance to deepen our knowledge about the processes that this target group has to undergo. Being blind is such a revolutionary experience, as it tends to change a person’s life in a thoroughly fundamental way – it is indeed an existential challenge. In studying the processes people are going through we have used the phenomenological concept of the life-world as a starting point as we found this promising for studying the phenomenon in focus. From a lifeworld perspective these persons’ worlds are changed. We will give some hints in what respect visually impaired or blind persons life-worlds are changed, but then focus upon how their worlds can be rebuilt again. Here learning processes play a central role. As man is living in the world it is also through an active interaction that a new and changed world can be re-conquered. These processes consist of both re-learning previously well known activities, as well as learning completely new activities, for example the white cane technique. Learning is here elaborated from a life-world approach, grounded in visually impaired peoples’ lived experiences and narratives. We will also stress that visually impaired and blind peoples’ learning can be understood as lived learning.
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