| 1. |
- Andersson, Tobias, 1976, et al.
(author)
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The impact of diabetes, education and income on mortality and cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients: A cohort study from the Swedish Primary Care Cardiovascular Database (SPCCD).
- 2020
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In: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 15:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study we aimed to estimate the effect of diabetes, educational level and income on the risk of mortality and cardiovascular events in primary care patients with hypertension.We followed 62,557 individuals with hypertension diagnosed 2001-2008, in the Swedish Primary Care Cardiovascular Database. Study outcomes were death, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke, assessed using national registers until 2012. Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios of outcomes according to diabetes status, educational level, and income.During follow-up, 13,231 individuals died, 9981 were diagnosed with diabetes, 4431 with myocardial infarction, and 4433 with ischemic stroke. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for diabetes versus no diabetes: mortality 1.57 (1.50-1.65), myocardial infarction 1.24 (1.14-1.34), and ischemic stroke 1.17 (1.07-1.27). Hazard ratios for diabetes and ≤9 years of school versus no diabetes and >12 years of school: mortality 1.56 (1.41-1.73), myocardial infarction 1.36 (1.17-1.59), and ischemic stroke 1.27 (1.08-1.50). Hazard ratios for diabetes and income in the lowest fifth group versus no diabetes and income in the highest fifth group: mortality 3.82 (3.36-4.34), myocardial infarction 2.00 (1.66-2.42), and ischemic stroke 1.91 (1.58-2.31).Diabetes combined with low income was associated with substantial excess risk of mortality, myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke among primary care patients with hypertension.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Tobias, 1976, et al.
(author)
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Country of birth and mortality risk in hypertension with and without diabetes: the Swedish primary care cardiovascular database.
- 2021
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In: Journal of hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 39:6, s. 1155-1162
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hypertension and diabetes are common and are both associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate associations between mortality risk and country of birth among hypertensive individuals in primary care with and without concomitant diabetes, which has not been studied previously. In addition, we aimed to study the corresponding risks of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke.This observational cohort study of 62557 individuals with hypertension diagnosed 2001-2008 in the Swedish Primary Care Cardiovascular Database assessed mortality by the Swedish Cause of Death Register, and myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke by the National Patient Register. Cox regression models were used to estimate study outcome hazard ratios by country of birth and time updated diabetes status, with adjustments for multiple confounders.During follow-up time without diabetes using Swedish-born as reference, adjusted mortality hazard ratios per country of birth category were Finland: 1.26 (95% confidence interval 1.15-1.38), high-income European countries: 0.84 (0.74-0.95), low-income European countries: 0.84 (0.71-1.00) and non-European countries: 0.65 (0.56-0.76). The corresponding adjusted mortality hazard ratios during follow-up time with diabetes were high-income European countries: 0.78 (0.63-0.98), low-income European countries: 0.74 (0.57-0.96) and non-European countries: 0.56 (0.44-0.71). During follow-up without diabetes, the corresponding adjusted hazard ratio of myocardial infarction was increased for Finland: 1.16 (1.01-1.34), whereas the results for ischemic stroke were inconclusive.In Sweden, hypertensive immigrants (with the exception for Finnish-born) with and without diabetes have a mortality advantage, as compared to Swedish-born.
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| 3. |
- Aronsson, Linus, et al.
(author)
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Intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma versus pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma : A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2019
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In: International Journal of Surgery. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1743-9191. ; 71, s. 91-99
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Previous studies have indicated that there may be a difference in tumor biology between intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the data are still controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize and compare the outcome of IPMC and PDAC after surgical resection. Methods: Studies comparing IPMC and PDAC were identified using Medline and Embase search engines. Primary outcomes of interest were survival and recurrence. Secondary outcomes were clinicopathological characteristics. Meta-analysis of data was conducted using a random-effects model. Results: A total of 14 studies were included. Pooled analysis revealed an improved 5-year overall survival (OS) for IPMC compared to PDAC (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.09–0.56). Both colloid and tubular IPMC showed improved 5-year OS compared to PDAC (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.05–0.25 and OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.26–0.54, respectively). Median survival time ranged from 21 to 58 months in the IPMC group compared to 12–23 months in the PDAC group. No meta-analysis could be performed on recurrence or on time-to-event data. Descriptive data showed no survival difference for higher TNM stages. IPMC was more often found at a TNM-stage of 1 (OR 4.40, 95% CI 2.71–7.15) and had lower rates of lymph node spread (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.32–0.57). Conclusion: Available data suggest that IPMC has a more indolent course with a better 5-year OS compared to PDAC. The histopathological features are less aggressive in IPMC. The reason may be earlier detection. However, for IPMC with higher TNM stages the survival seems to be similar to that of PDAC.
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| 4. |
- Arvidson, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Brandskydd på Bo01
- 2001
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In: Bygg och Teknik. - 0281-658X .- 2002-8350. ; 93:6, s. 12-16
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 5. |
- Bager, Johan-Emil, et al.
(author)
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Blood pressure levels and risk of haemorrhagic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and oral anticoagulants: results from The Swedish Primary Care Cardiovascular Database of Skaraborg.
- 2021
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In: Journal of hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 39:8, s. 1670-1677
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To assess the risk of haemorrhagic stroke at different baseline SBP levels in a primary care population with hypertension, atrial fibrillation and newly initiated oral anticoagulants (OACs).We identified 3972 patients with hypertension, atrial fibrillation and newly initiated OAC in The Swedish Primary Care Cardiovascular Database of Skaraborg. Patients were followed from 1 January 2006 until a first event of haemorrhagic stroke, death, cessation of OAC or 31 December 2016. We analysed the association between continuous SBP and haemorrhagic stroke with a multivariable Cox regression model and plotted the hazard ratio as a function of SBP with a restricted cubic spline with 130mmHg as reference.There were 40 cases of haemorrhagic stroke during follow-up. Baseline SBP in the 145-180mmHg range was associated with a more than doubled risk of haemorrhagic stroke, compared with a SBP of 130mmHg.In this cohort of primary care patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation, we found that baseline SBP in the 145-180mmHg range, prior to initiation of OAC, was associated with a more than doubled risk of haemorrhagic stroke, as compared with an SBP of 130mmHg. This suggests that lowering SBP to below 145mmHg, prior to initiation of OAC, may decrease the risk of haemorrhagic stroke in patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation.
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, et al.
(author)
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A decision support system for watershed flood design purpose in China
- 1995
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In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Hydro-science and Engineering. ; , s. 982-989
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper presents a computer-based decision support system for watershed planning andflood design purposes including a conceptual rainfall-runoff model. The software package uses up-to-date programing techniques in Windows environment which makes it flexible to handle, adaptableto new areas, and easy to test for different design criteria. The package is suitable for designproblems in small as well as in large river basins. The case study area is the Hongru River basin incentral China where an application of the package with emphasize on rainfall-runoff modeling ispresented.
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| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Linus
(author)
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Assessing sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men in Vietnam : development and use of a new Internet-based sampling method
- 2012
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV infection in all regions globally. Surveys among MSM in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam have shown prevalence rates of 15% and 17% respectively. Representative data about MSM and other hidden populations are extremely difficult to collect, due to stigma. Much available data may thus not be representative of the MSM population as a whole, preventing an evidence-based response to the HIV epidemic. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was developed to enable representative sampling of hidden groups but relies on untested assumptions. In addition, an Internet-based version of RDS (webRDS) can potentially improve several key limitations of the RDS method. Aims: To develop a webRDS system for representative sampling of internet-using MSM in Vietnam and to increase knowledge about sexual risk behavior for HIV among MSM in Vietnam. Methods: RDS studies were simulated on anonymized data from a large webcommunity for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons. The assumptions under which RDS is known to be unbiased were systematically violated and the effects were studied. In-depth interviews (IDIs) were performed with 17 purposively sampled MSM in Hanoi, Vietnam and latent content analysis was used. A webRDS system, designed for MSM in Vietnam, was developed and used in two crosssectional surveys in Vietnam. Results: Simulations indicate that bias using RDS is large if respondents choose to invite people based on characteristics that are correlated with study outcomes. Bias and variance increased if participants preferentially invited frequent contacts. Diverse seed selection was highly beneficial. IDIs showed that male-male relationships were perceived to be short and unstable. Faithfulness was highly valued but largely seen as unobtainable. The webRDS system enabled sustained recruitment of 676 and 983 submissions respectively in the two surveys. Maximum wave length was 29 waves and equilibrium was reached for all but one variable. The sample was younger and of higher education than the Vietnamese average. Thirty-six percent (CI: 32-42%) of MSM in the second webRDS survey had unprotected anal sex (UAS) at least once during the last three months. Thirty-six percent (CI: 32-41%) had ever taken an HIV test and received the result. Ninety-two percent of all UAS acts were reported to have taken place with non-casual partners. The numbers of UAS partners and UAS acts were positively correlated. Modeling showed that this sexual behavior pattern is likely to lead to explosive HIV transmission. Conclusions: Simulations showed that RDS is relatively robust but empirical studies of non-random recruitment and a better understanding of real-life variance is needed. WebRDS is a highly promising method. Further evaluation and development is warranted. HIV prevention services niched for MSM needs to be aggressively scaled up in Vietnam.
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| 8. |
- Bengtsson, Linus, et al.
(author)
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Commentary: containing the Ebola outbreak-the potential and challenge of mobile network data
- 2014
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In: Plos Currents. - : Public Library of Science. - 2157-3999. ; 6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ongoing Ebola outbreak is taking place in one of the most highly connected and densely populated regions of Africa (Figure 1A). Accurate information on population movements is valuable for monitoring the progression of the outbreak and predicting its future spread, facilitating the prioritization of interventions and designing surveillance and containment strategies. Vital questions include how the affected regions are connected by population flows, which areas are major mobility hubs, what types of movement typologies exist in the region, and how all of these factors are changing as people react to the outbreak and movement restrictions are put in place. Just a decade ago, obtaining detailed and comprehensive data to answer such questions over this huge region would have been impossible. Today, such valuable data exist and are collected in real-time, but largely remain unused for public health purposes - stored on the servers of mobile phone operators. In this commentary, we outline the utility of CDRs for understanding human mobility in the context of the Ebola, and highlight the need to develop protocols for rapid sharing of operator data in response to public health emergencies.
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| 9. |
- Bengtsson, Linus, et al.
(author)
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Implementation of Web-Based Respondent-Driven Sampling among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Vietnam
- 2012
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:11, s. e49417-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Lack of representative data about hidden groups, like men who have sex with men (MSM), hinders an evidence-based response to the HIV epidemics. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was developed to overcome sampling challenges in studies of populations like MSM for which sampling frames are absent. Internet-based RDS (webRDS) can potentially circumvent limitations of the original RDS method. We aimed to implement and evaluate webRDS among a hidden population. Methods and Design: criteria were men, aged 18 and above, who had ever had sex with another man and were living in Vietnam. Participants were invited by an MSM friend, logged in, and answered a survey. Participants could recruit up to four MSM friends. We evaluated the system by its success in generating sustained recruitment and the degree to which the sample compositions stabilized with increasing sample size. Results: Twenty starting participants generated 676 participants over 24 recruitment waves. Analyses did not show evidence of bias due to ineligible participation. Estimated mean age was 22 years and 82% came from the two large metropolitan areas. 32 out of 63 provinces were represented. The median number of sexual partners during the last six months was two. The sample composition stabilized well for 16 out of 17 variables. Conclusion: Results indicate that webRDS could be implemented at a low cost among Internet-using MSM in Vietnam. WebRDS may be a promising method for sampling of Internet-using MSM and other hidden groups.
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| 10. |
- Bengtsson, Linus, et al.
(author)
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Improved Response to Disasters and Outbreaks by Tracking Population Movements with Mobile Phone Network Data : A Post-Earthquake Geospatial Study in Haiti
- 2011
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In: PLoS Medicine. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1549-1277 .- 1549-1676. ; 8:8, s. e1001083-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Population movements following disasters can cause important increases in morbidity and mortality. Without knowledge of the locations of affected people, relief assistance is compromised. No rapid and accurate method exists to track population movements after disasters. We used position data of subscriber identity module (SIM) cards from the largest mobile phone company in Haiti (Digicel) to estimate the magnitude and trends of population movements following the Haiti 2010 earthquake and cholera outbreak. Methods and Findings: Geographic positions of SIM cards were determined by the location of the mobile phone tower through which each SIM card connects when calling. We followed daily positions of SIM cards 42 days before the earthquake and 158 days after. To exclude inactivated SIM cards, we included only the 1.9 million SIM cards that made at least one call both pre-earthquake and during the last month of study. In Port-au-Prince there were 3.2 persons per included SIM card. We used this ratio to extrapolate from the number of moving SIM cards to the number of moving persons. Cholera outbreak analyses covered 8 days and tracked 138,560 SIM cards. An estimated 630,000 persons (197,484 Digicel SIM cards), present in Port-au-Prince on the day of the earthquake, had left 19 days post-earthquake. Estimated net outflow of people (outflow minus inflow) corresponded to 20% of the Port-au-Prince pre-earthquake population. Geographic distribution of population movements from Port-au-Prince corresponded well with results from a large retrospective, population-based UN survey. To demonstrate feasibility of rapid estimates and to identify areas at potentially increased risk of outbreaks, we produced reports on SIM card movements from a cholera outbreak area at its immediate onset and within 12 hours of receiving data. Conclusions: Results suggest that estimates of population movements during disasters and outbreaks can be delivered rapidly and with potentially high validity in areas with high mobile phone use.
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