| 1. |
- Bergman, Maria, 1981-
(author)
-
Constructing communities : The establishment and demographic development of sawmill communities in the Sundsvall district, 1850-1890
- 2010
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation studies the establishment and demographic development of the sawmill communities that emerged in the Sundsvall district during the latter half of the 19th century. The intention is to highlight the importance of the sawmill communities and their resident populations by discussing community construction from a demographic perspective as well as socially and symbolically. Based on church registers, this is a longitudinal study that includes information from 31 individual sawmill communities. This study has shown that the establishment and demographic development of the sawmill communities was not an instant process that necessarily followed the construction of the sawmill industries. The prerequisites of the geographical locations and year of establishment influenced population development, but the speed and size of the settlements were individual to each mill site. More prosperous times for the industry during the 1870s resulted in that migration increased consequently leading to quickly populated communities and larger registered core populations in residence. Migration to the sawmill communities from within the parishes was infrequent and the geographical backgrounds revealed that an extremely small proportion of the populations had been born within the district, implying a migratory hesitation among locally born. The sawmill populations were male-dominated due to the large groups of temporary workers inhabiting the communities, although, adult males barely made up one-third of the registered populations. The largest demographic group was children aged 0-14 years. The strong presence of children and high proportions of married individuals suggests that the sawmill communities were family oriented communities, more so than non-sawmill areas. Long-time settled families had usually formed kinship networks with other residents. This dissertation concludes that while time was important for the development of the sawmill communities, so were the registered populations residing in these communities. Residency would have been key in claiming belonging to the sawmill communities and to be considered as a real sawmill worker. Residency, family and kin therefore contributed to the construction of community structures, geographically, socially and symbolically.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ekblom Bak, Elin, 1981-, et al.
(author)
-
Accelerometer derived physical activity and subclinical coronary and carotid atherosclerosis : cross-sectional analyses in 22 703 middle-aged men and women in the SCAPIS study
- 2023
-
In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim included investigation of the associations between sedentary (SED), low-intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) and the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids and the estimated difference in prevalence by theoretical reallocation of time in different PA behaviours.DESIGN: Cross-sectional.SETTING: Multisite study at university hospitals.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 22 670 participants without cardiovascular disease (51% women, 57.4 years, SD 4.3) from the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage study were included. SED, LIPA and MVPA were assessed by hip-worn accelerometer.PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Any and significant subclinical coronary atherosclerosis (CA), Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS) and carotid atherosclerosis (CarA) were derived from imaging data from coronary CT angiography and carotid ultrasound.RESULTS: High daily SED (>70% ≈10.5 hours/day) associated with a higher OR 1.44 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.91), for significant CA, and with lower OR 0.77 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.95), for significant CarA. High LIPA (>55% ≈8 hours/day) associated with lower OR for significant CA 0.70 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.96), and CACS, 0.71 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.97), but with higher OR for CarA 1.41 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.76). MVPA above reference level, >2% ≈20 min/day, associated with lower OR for significant CA (OR range 0.61-0.67), CACS (OR range 0.71-0.75) and CarA (OR range 0.72-0.79). Theoretical replacement of 30 min of SED into an equal amount of MVPA associated with lower OR for significant CA, especially in participants with high SED 0.84 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.96) or low MVPA 0.51 (0.36 to 0.73).CONCLUSIONS: MVPA was associated with a lower risk for significant atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids, while the association varied in strength and direction for SED and LIPA, respectively. If causal, clinical implications include avoiding high levels of daily SED and low levels of MVPA to reduce the risk of developing significant subclinical atherosclerosis.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ekblom Bak, Elin, 1981-, et al.
(author)
-
Accelerometer derived physical activity patterns in 27.890 middle‐aged adults : The SCAPIS cohort study
- 2022
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 32:5, s. 866-880
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study aims to describe accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) patterns and fulfillment of PA recommendations in a large sample of middle-aged men and women, and to study differences between subgroups of socio-demographic, socio-economic, and lifestyle-related variables. A total of 27 890 (92.5% of total participants, 52% women, aged 50–64 years) middle-aged men and women with at least four days of valid hip-worn accelerometer data (Actigraph GT3X+, wGT3X+ and wGT3X-BT) from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study, SCAPIS, were included. In total, 54.5% of daily wear time was spent sedentary, 39.1% in low, 5.4% in moderate, and only 0.1% in vigorous PA. Male sex, higher education, low financial strain, born in Sweden, and sedentary/light working situation were related to higher sedentary time, but also higher levels of vigorous PA. High BMI and having multiple chronic diseases associated strongly with higher sedentary time and less time in all three PA intensities. All-year physically active commuters had an overall more active PA pattern. The proportion fulfilling current PA recommendations varied substantially (1.4% to 92.2%) depending on data handling procedures and definition used. Twenty-eight percent was defined as having an “at-risk” behavior, which included both high sedentary time and low vigorous PA. In this large population-based sample, a majority of time was spent sedentary and only a fraction in vigorous PA, with clinically important variations between subgroups. This study provides important reference material and emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive assessment of all aspects of the individual PA pattern in future research and clinical practice.
|
|
| 4. |
- Fortuin-de Smidt, Melony, et al.
(author)
-
Early adulthood exercise capacity, but not muscle strength, associates with subclinical atherosclerosis 40 years later in Swedish men
- 2023
-
In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 30:5, s. 407-415
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: Poor exercise capacity and muscle strength in early adulthood are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is unclear how these factors relate to subclinical atherosclerosis due to a lack of longitudinal studies. This study investigated whether early adulthood exercise capacity and muscle strength associated with later adulthood subclinical atherosclerosis.METHODS AND RESULTS: This study included Swedish men (n = 797) who were eligible for military conscription (at ∼18-years of age) and who participated in the baseline assessment of the visualization of asymptomatic atherosclerotic disease for optimum cardiovascular prevention trial between 2013 and 2016 (at 60 years of age). At conscription, isometric muscle strength (dynamometer) and maximum exercise capacity (maximal load cycle ergometer test) were measured. During later adulthood (at 60 years old), the presence of carotid plaques and intima media thickness were measured by using high-resolution ultrasound. At follow-up, plaques were present in 62% (n = 493) of men. Exercise capacity in early adulthood associated with 19% lower odds of plaques [odds ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68-0.96], independent of muscle strength. This association was not mediated by any single CVD risk factor. However, the total indirect effect of later, but not early, adulthood CVD risk factors was significant, while the direct effect was non-significant (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.71-1.02). Associations between muscle strength and subclinical atherosclerosis were non-significant.CONCLUSION: Higher exercise capacity during early adulthood, but not muscle strength, may protect against carotid plaque development during adulthood mediated by the combination rather than a single later adulthood CVD risk factors.
|
|
| 5. |
- Fredriksson, Karolina, et al.
(author)
-
Erfarenheter av att använda forskning för undervisning : tillvägagångssätt, möjligheter och utmaningar
- 2022
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Forskningsresultat ska vara en del av förskolans och skolans praktik. Det framgår av skollagen (2010:800) som anger att utbildningen för barn och elever ska vila på vetenskaplig grund och beprövad erfarenhet. Men vad innebär det och hur gör man? Erfarenheter från utvärdering och forskning visar att svaren på dessa frågor inte är enkla (Skolinspektionen, 2019; Bergmark & Hansson, 2021).Den här rapporten beskriver verksammas erfarenheter av att använda forskning i relation till undervisningen i förskola och skola. Det handlar alltså om verksammas erfarenheter av att använda forskning vid planering, genomförande och utvärdering av undervisningen. Rapporten bygger på en enkät- och intervjuundersökning i vilken vi får ta del av verksammas berättelser i det avseendet.Rapporten riktar sig främst till förskollärare, lärare och skolledare, men även till andra verksamma inom skolväsendet som på olika sätt kan främja goda förutsätt ningar för en undervisning på vetenskaplig grund. Rapporten kan också vara av värde i utbildningen av förskollärare och lärare.Syftet är att bidra till förskollärares och lärares gemensamma reflektion och diskussion om användning av forskning som stöd för att utveckla undervisningen. För skolledare och huvudmän kan rapporten fungera som underlag för att planera hur verksamheten kan organiseras för att främja användning av forskning. Rapporten avser att besvara följande frågeställningar: 1) Hur använder de verksamma forskning för planering, genomförande och utvärdering av undervisning? 2) Vilka möjligheter och hinder ser de verksamma för att använda forskning för undervisning?
|
|
