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- Alexanderson, Kristina, et al.
(author)
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Epidemiology of sickness absence in a Swedish county in 1985, 1986 and 1987 : A three year longitudinal study with focus on gender, age and occupation
- 1994
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - : Sage Publications. - 0300-8037. ; 22:1, s. 27-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to get a better epidemiological base for preventive intervention in the county of Östergötland, Sweden, a comprehensive study of sickness absence was done. During the years 1985, 1986 and 1987, all new periods of sick-leave exceeding seven days were registered with demographic variables. This information was related to data about the total population of Östergötland. Each year approx. 45,000 persons had approx. 61,000 sickness spells. These figures were stable over the years while the number of sick-leave days increased. Blue-collar occupations had the highest sick-leave rates and the female sick-leave rate was higher in general and much higher in most male-dominated occupations. The male rate was lower within female-dominated areas, except among secretaries and textile workers. Females in extremely male-dominated groups had the highest rates, while both male and female sick-leave rates were lower in more gender-integrated occupations.
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| 2. |
- Bjurulf, Björn, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Potassium citrate and metabolic acidosis in children with epilepsy on the ketogenic diet: a prospective controlled study
- 2020
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In: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 61:1, s. 57-61
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim To investigate if potassium citrate, a mild alkaline compound, can prevent metabolic acidosis in children with epilepsy treated with the ketogenic diet without reducing antiepileptic efficacy. Method In this prospective controlled study, we investigated the frequency of initial uncompensated metabolic acidosis in 51 participants. There were 22 participants with and 29 without potassium citrate supplementation. The ketogenic diet was used as add-on treatment to children with drug resistant epilepsy. We also estimated the proportion of participants with a greater than 50% seizure reduction after 7 months. Results None of the 22 participants (15 males, seven females; median age 1y 7mo, interquartile range [IQR] 3y 3mo) with, and 10 of 29 (12 males, 17 females; median age 6y 1mo, IQR 4y 8mo) without potassium citrate developed metabolic acidosis (odds ratio=0.04, 95% CI 0.00–0.75 [p<0.01]); median pH 7.32 vs 7.24; [p<0.001]), and median bicarbonate 19.7mmol/L vs 14.0mmol/L (p<0.001). The number of seizures was reduced by more than 50% in 9 of 22 with potassium citrate and 8 of 29 participants without potassium citrate, 7 months after introducing a ketogenic diet (p=0.4). Interpretation In the ketogenic diet, potassium citrate supplementation can prevent metabolic acidosis, without reducing antiepileptic efficacy.
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| 5. |
- Timpka, Toomas, et al.
(author)
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Long-term economic effects of team-based clinical case management of patients with chronic minor disease and long-term absence from working life
- 1997
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 0300-8037. ; 25:4, s. 229-237
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To examine the socio-economic effects of team-based clinical case management of patients with chronic minor disease bound for early retirement.Design: Marginal analysis of programme costs and benefits to society compared with no-programme baseline of costs occurring in society due to productivity loss. Prospective patient data collection on admission, discharge, and at one year and five years after discharge to determine programme effectiveness.Setting: Out-patient clinic at the department of social medicine in tertiary care hospital.Subjects: 239 patients with minor disease and long-term vocational absence consecutively admitted to the study. At the one-year evaluation, 17 patients had been readmitted to the team, 7 could not be found, 6 declined the interview and 2 were deceased. At the five-year evaluation of 49 patients who were active after one year, one was deceased and 10 were unable to be found.Main outcome measures: Vocational activity. Programme costs. Benefits to society measured by decrease in indirect costs.Results: The one-year vocational rehabilitation rate from the program was 20.5% and the five-year rehabilitation rate was 11.3%. The total discounted cost for case management of the 239 patients was 7.6 MSEK (£600,000). The decrease in the indirect costs to society from the 28 patients found active after five years was 35.1 MSEK (£2,500,000). The net present value of the programme at the 1991 price level was 27.5 MSEK (£2,365,000).Conclusions: Tertiary care level team-based clinical case management for vocational rehabilitation of patients with chronic minor disease has a positive cost-benefit ratio. A cross-boundary awareness at a health policy level is needed of the societal costs involved for this group of patients who fall between the traditional services in health care and social work.
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