| 1. |
- Ahlin, Karin, 1963-
(author)
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Benefits of Digital Technical Information
- 2020
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In our daily work life, we use a wealth of information, including a category of information produced as a part of products and their life-cycle phases, named digital technical information (DTI). Manufacturing organizations focus more often on the product than on DTI, because DTI’s impact seems almost invisible, despite its crucial role to the product and its life-cycle phases, development, production, maintenance, and destruction. Hence, the aim of this thesis is to describe DTI’s benefits and the research questions: “What are the benefits of the DTI?” and “What are the perceptions of how to measure benefits of DTI?” The thesis contains five studies related to identifying and measuring DTI’s benefits. The empirical material is based on semi-structured interviews and group interviews within five organizations and a survey among manufacturing organizations in Sweden.I used three characteristics of the DTI and two pairs of previously known benefit categories to analyse the benefits. The analysis shows that the benefits are recognized in the particular product’s life cycle phase where the DTI is published. However, the DTI continues to offer benefits in the product’s other life cycle phases. In relationship to the product, the benefits evolve from supporting an individual product to supporting more general product lines or all products and a more complex product is said to increase DTI’s benefits. DTI’s structure adds benefits as synthesized or aggregated DTI, where the DTI is synthesized or aggregated automatically or manually. The categorization predetermined benefits related to the change are less numerous than the emerging benefits. The predetermined benefits are strategic by nature, and the emerging ones are mainly used to achieve operational goals. Measuring DTI’s benefits is of importance for a formal comparison of its development and is of special interest for managers. Perceptions from the initial stages on how to measure show that to establish common interpretations among the stakeholders of the measurement process is of importance, especially when it comes to what is viewed as a benefit. The benefits are viewed as intangible by the respondents, which creates difficulties when one is evaluating, using conventional measurement methods. The only perceived way to measure is when DTI reduces co-worker’s workload and efficiency is achieved. The thesis’s contribution to academia consists of the analysis of DTI’s benefits, showing details of the relationships between the DTI and its benefits. For practice, the contributions focus on the systematic evaluation process, which can be used for further development of the DTI and comparison of the evolvement of the DTI itself and relating to other resources. One proposal for future research is to use the analysed benefits and compare various approaches to digitizing DTI, e.g. Industry 4.0. Another proposal is to list, in detail, various ways on how to measure DTI’s benefits and their usefulness. The latter can positively impact on any intangible benefits due to the general approach we have established of how to measure those benefits.
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| 2. |
- Borgerud, Charlotte, et al.
(author)
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Open research data, an archival challenge?
- 2020
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In: Archival Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1389-0166 .- 1573-7500. ; 20, s. 279-302
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Swedish government has decided that all research results in the form of research data and scientific publications financed with public funds should be openly accessible as far as possible. The question is whether the responsible actors and if the universities are ready to implement the change. The significance of open access has amplified in Sweden. Earlier research has brought to light that the collection and preservation of research data are often surrounded by ambiguous rules and lack a comprehensive structure. For example, archiving is not given enough consideration in connection to research projects and researchers often tend to save their material on platforms that are not persistent over time. This article is based upon a qualitative research approach where 15 semi-structured interviews have been used as primarily data sources to investigate the implementation of open access of research data and scientific publications. The article investigated how Swedish universities and public authorities were working with archiving and implementation of open research data and their opinions on open access. The results displayed a lack of coordination, resources and infrastructure but also that common agreed nomenclature were missing. The management of research data was not part of an overall recordkeeping strategy. One explanation could be differences in the information culture among researchers and archivists. Social sciences theory has been combined with archival theory in order to explain the reasons to this. These have been put in relation to the principles of the open data directive.
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| 3. |
- Borglund, Erik A. M., 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Active shooter events, a challenge
- 2023
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In: Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference. - : Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM. - 9798218217495 ; , s. 1051-1058
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An active shooter event is one of the most complicated situations a police officer could face. Today the standard procedure for an active shooter event is to enter the scene and try to prevent casualties. This involves taking great risks and puts the police officers in a situation they have not been trained for. This is a work in progress paper where the long-term goal is to develop modern technology that could increase the chance of saving lives and decrease the risk of being injured or killed during an active shooter event. Six active shooter event exercises taking place in Sweden have been studied using an ethnographic field study approach. Four themes have been identified where we argue that technology could enhance the police mission: A) Situational awareness; B) Decision making/prioritization; C) Localization of both sound and people; D) Decreasing time of intervention.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Borglund, Erik A. M., 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Challenges in work procedures in distributed crisis management
- 2023
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In: Proceedings of the International ISCRAM Conference. - : ISCRAM. ; , s. 732-737
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This is a work in progress paper on work and IT usage in distributed crisis management. The data presented in this paper has been collected at a one-day tabletop exercise with four Swedish municipalities. Four members of the four municipalities’ crisis organizations were invited to the exercise, which was designed as one scenario divided into two cases. At the start of each case of the exercise, each municipality was split into two separate rooms, to simulate a distributed crisis management. During the first case they could communicate using phone, TETRA radio, and the Internet. During case two in the scenario, there was no Internet connection. The study indicates that all the municipalities managed to organize and solve the given tasks using primarily voice communication, in case one using phone or, e.g., Teams, and in case two using TETRA radio. Information sharing using IT was non-existing
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| 6. |
- Borglund, Erik A.M, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Checklists for Evaluating the Quality of Recordkeeping
- 2010
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In: Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Information Management and Evaluation. - Reading : Academic Conferences Limited. - 9781906638733 ; , s. 15-23
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Records are evidence of business transactions and actions. They provide the basis for accountability and traceability. Therefore they are essential to evaluation and audit processes. Records and documents are sources of knowledge that support a learning organization and can be defined as “institutional memory”. However there are few examples in the literature of how records have been used to evaluate and critically assess the outcomes of business activities.The purpose of this paper is to identify potential criteria for creating a checklist that provides enough information about the records and the business that created them to ensure that records could be used as tools in evaluation programs. In this research paper we have used the ISO standards ISO 15489 and ISO 23081 as tools to achieve our purpose. This was a qualitative research project, situated in a large railway infrastructure project where the budget is 6.6 billion Swedish kronor (approx 650 million €). The project is ten years long, and to date more than 250 000 records have been produced. Many sub-contractors and 16 other public agencies are involved in the project.The internal regulation of records management regulated within the project is very detailed, and at first glimpse the directives seem to be well grounded. Requirements for records creation, capture and metadata-tagging are presented in the regulations. Yet even after minor analysis it is obvious that the railway project focuses only on managing records that are documents, i.e. in formats that can be treated as a single unit. Common examples of document types are spreadsheets, Word documents, PDF files and blueprints. Thus the project is failing to capture crucial records created in non-document and more complex formats, such as databases and technical drawings produced in applications like CAD. More importantly, the research found that the project’s metadata design and capture is inadequate for capturing the context of the records that are kept and preserved. This makes it difficult to use the records for evaluating the project for accountability purposes both during and after the project. The experience and knowledge gained from the project is also difficult to transfer to similar future projects.Records without the contextual binding and applicable contextual metadata cannot provide a quality basis for evaluation of the business. If records are to be used as tools for evaluation, we need to preserve records following the quality criteria that are presented in the ISO 15489 and ISO 23081 standards.If records are to be used as evaluation tools they need to be usable for that purpose and be of sufficient quality. In this paper we propose that the assessment of the quality of a record should be based upon the metadata elements found in the ISO 23081.
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| 7. |
- Borglund, Erik A. M., et al.
(author)
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Creation of an exercise scenario : A collaborative design effort
- 2014
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In: ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings - 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management. ; , s. 488-492
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To increase the preparedness Crisis response and management authorities carry out various forms of exercises. This article is based upon a three year long project named Gaining security symbiosis (GSS). The project was aiming to increase the collaboration between crisis actors in the Swedish-Norway border region through exercises. We argue that creation of scenarios is a design challenge. In the GSS project, the exercises are built upon designed scenarios, which should make the exercise realistic and make the trainee train the expected. We propose a scenario design method that is built upon an iterative approach and that includes collaboration with the actors that are involved in the exercise. The method also includes a set of characteristics that could be used to evaluate the events of the scenario. The method have been developed and refined during the project and show some promising result. There is however a need for future research when it comes to further development and evaluation of the proposed design method.
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| 8. |
- Borglund, Erik A.M. 1969-
(author)
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Design for Recordkeeping: Areas of Improvement
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis is about problems related to design of information systems in which records are born and managed. The proactive approach has been derived from new archival theories suited for electronic recordkeeping, and implies that electronic records must, at the time of creation fulfil their current and future requirements. Information systems where records are born and managed should, based upon a proactive approach, meet recordkeeping requirements. This thesis is based upon a four-year research effort and consists of seven research articles that present the results of the research. The objective is to contribute to knowledge of design recommendations for information systems, in which records are born and managed. The main result of this thesis is identification of five areas that can affect and improve the design of information systems in which records are born and managed. First: A set of empirically and theoretical grounded characteristics of records are presented. Those characteristics have to be complemented with organization-defined characteristics. Second: this research has contributed a conceptualization of use of records and users of records. The notion of known use/user, and unknown use/user has been introduced. Design becomes difficult because requirements of unknown users are difficult to conceptualize. Third: The Recordkeeping Quality Assessment model (RQAM) is presented. The model implies a holistic quality approach to recordkeeping, and intends to be used as a basis for quality assessment, and as a reference model in design situations to achieve high recordkeeping quality. Fourth: Two dominant different views on records are presented. Private organizations appraise records principally upon business values, and public organisations base their appraisal criteria upon accountability and legislative values. The two views on records should be brought into one view and form a risk management-like appraisal. Fifth: Proactivity is a way of thinking and should be applied on several levels in the recordkeeping environment: to the electronic record, to the information system where the electronic record is born and managed, to the organization, and to the user.
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| 9. |
- Borglund, Erik A.M
(author)
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EDM business values in a SME environment in terms of knowledge management
- 2007
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In: Proceedings of the European and Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems (EMCIS) 2007. - Valencia. - 9788483631843
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electronic document management (EDM) emerged in the mid 1990's and is today a concept of how to manage electronic documents. Much research focus has been on technical issues within EDM, and less on organizational issues. One of the stated benefits of EDM is managing and utilizing an organizations collective memory, which can be described as organizational knowledge. In the information system research community EDM in SMEs has given extremely little interest. SMEs are an important factor in economic growth and especially in peripheral regions. This research has an organizational perspective on EDM and has been guided by the research question: How can EDM support stated and implied needs for management and utilizing of the collective memory in an organization of SME type? The research is based on a case study in a SME in Mid Sweden. The study was following an interpretative approach. The findings indicate that the SME has a large need to manage both explicit and tacit knowledge for their business needs. EDM has the possibility to manage explicit knowledge, but more difficult to manage tacit knowledge. The context where documents are born together with an integrated perspective on business process were identified as possible solutions.
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| 10. |
- Borglund, Erik A.M., et al.
(author)
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How are records used in organizations?
- 2008
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In: Information research. - 1368-1613. ; 13:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction. This paper reports an investigation of whether the use made of records affects the design of record keeping systems.Method. The empirical data used in this paper are from four interpretative case studies. A total of fifty interviews and 100 hours of participative observations have been used in data collection. Analysis. The analyses of the collected data have followed a qualitative approach where the data have been categorized and re-categorized. An analysis model was developed based on archival theory and temporal structures, which were the primary purpose and secondary purposes of the use of records. Results. In the temporal structure, the use characteristics were the relationship to a predetermined work process, which required use of records. Within the other temporal structure, the secondary purpose of records use, the use was more difficult to predetermine or identify in advance. The characteristics of the users and their use resulted in unknown users and use of records. Conclusions. It is difficult to predict future use of records, which requires new methods and techniques for design and developing of record keeping systems that can take both the unknown and known user needs into consideration.
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