| 1. |
- Ramberg, Per, 1949, et al.
(author)
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The effect of a triclosan dentifrice on mucositis in subjects with dental implants: a six-month clinical study
- 2009
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In: Journal of Clinical Dentistry. - 0895-8831. ; 20:3, s. 103-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present clinical study was to assess the effect of the use of a dentifrice containing triclosan on peri-implant mucositis in subjects that had been restored with dental implants. METHODS: The trial was designed as a double-blind, randomized, two-treatment, parallel-group clinical study. Sixty male and female subjects, aged 30-70 years, were recruited. All subjects had lost teeth due to periodontal disease, and had been restored with a minimum of two implants at least one year prior to the start of the trial. Subjects were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. The subjects in the test group (Test) brushed their teeth and implant-supported restorations with a dentifrice containing triclosan, while the control subjects brushed with a sodium fluoride dentifrice. Only subjects with a minimum of one implant site showing clinical signs of peri-implant mucositis, i.e., bleeding after probing, were enrolled in the study. Clinical examinations were performed at baseline, and after three and six months. The following parameters were scored: Probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BoP), and plaque. The change from baseline within each treatment group at three months and six months was evaluated for all parameters using ANOVA and ANCOVA. RESULTS: Subjects with peri-implant mucositis who used a dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan, as an adjunct to mechanical tooth brushing, exhibited significantly fewer clinical signs of inflammation than subjects who used a regular fluoride dentifrice at six months. The BoP scores were reduced from 53.8% to 29.1% in the Test group, whereas in the same interval there was an increase from 52.3% to 58.8% in the Control group. Furthermore, the individual mean PPD, as well as the frequency of sites with 5 mm and > or = 6 mm deep pockets, were reduced significantly more in the Test than in the Control group. CONCLUSION: The regular use of a dentifrice containing triclosan may reduce the clinical signs of inflammation in the mucosa adjacent to dental implants.
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| 2. |
- Botticelli, Daniele, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Bone regeneration at implants with turned or rough surfaces in self-contained defects. An experimental study in the dog.
- 2005
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In: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 0303-6979. ; 32:5, s. 448-55
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Marginal hard tissue defects present at implants with a rough surface can heal with a high degree of bone fill and osseointegration. The healing of similar defects adjacent to implants with a smooth surface appears to be less predictable. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to compare bone healing at implants with turned or rough surface topographies placed in self-contained defects using either a submerged or non-submerged installation technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six dogs were used. Three months after tooth extraction four experimental sites were prepared for implant installation in both sides of the mandible. The marginal 5 mm of the canal prepared for the implant was widened. Thus, following implant placement a circumferential gap occurred between the bone tissue and the implant surface that was between 1 and 1.25 mm wide. In each side of the mandible two implants with a turned surface and two implants with a rough surface were installed. The implants in the right side were fully submerged, while a non-submerged technique was applied in the left side. The animals were sacrificed 4 months later, block biopsies of each implant site were dissected and ground as well as paraffin sections were prepared. RESULTS: The marginal defects around rough surface implants exhibited after 4 months of healing substantial bone fill and a high degree of osseointegration following either the submerged or the non-submerged installation technique. Healing at turned implants was characterized by incomplete bone fill and the presence of a connective tissue zone between the implant and the newly formed bone. The distance between the implant margin (M) and the most coronal level of bone-to-implant contact (B) at implants with a rough surface was 0.84+/-0.37 mm at submerged and 0.90+/-0.39 mm at non-submerged sites. The distance M-B at implants with a turned surface was 3.39+/-0.52 mm at submerged and 3.23+/-0.68 mm at non-submerged sites. The differences between the rough and turned implants regarding the length of distance M-B were statistically significant (paired t-test). CONCLUSION: Osseointegration at implants placed in sites with marginal defects is influenced by the surface characteristics of the implant.
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| 3. |
- Botticelli, Daniele, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Bone tissue formation adjacent to implants placed in fresh extraction sockets: an experimental study in dogs.
- 2006
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In: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 17:4, s. 351-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the healing of marginal defects that occurred at implants placed in a healed ridge or in fresh extraction sockets. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six dogs were used. The right side of the mandible was used in the first part of the study. The first, second premolars and first molars were extracted. After 3 months of healing the bone was prepared for implant installation in these premolar and molar sites. The marginal 5 mm of each recipient site was widened with a conical drill. Following implant installation a gap of varying dimension occurred around the titanium rod (artificial defect (A) sites). At this interval the third and fourth premolars were extracted and implants were installed in the distal socket of the two teeth (natural defect (N) sites). The flaps were sutured to allow non-submerged healing. After 2 months, the procedures were repeated in the left side. Two months later the animals were euthanized, and biopsies were obtained and prepared for histological examination. RESULTS: The length of the zone of de novo'bone-to-implant contact' in the defect region was longer at the A sites than at the N sites both at the 2- and the 4-month interval. Further, while after 4 months of healing the marginal bone crest at the A sites was located close to the abutment/fixture junction, at the N sites a marked reduction of the height of the bone crest was documented. Hence, most A site defects became completely resolved whereas healing of the N site defects was incomplete. CONCLUSION: The process of bone modeling and remodeling at an implant placed in a fresh extraction socket differs from the resolution of marginal defects that may occur following implant installation in a healed ridge.
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| 4. |
- Botticelli, Daniele, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Hard-tissue alterations following immediate implant placement in extraction sites.
- 2004
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In: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 0303-6979. ; 31:10, s. 820-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The marginal gap that may occur following implant installation in an extraction socket may be resolved by hard-tissue fill during healing. OBJECTIVE: To study dimensional alterations of hard tissues that occur following tooth extraction and immediate placement of implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighteen subjects with a total of 21 teeth scheduled for extraction were included. Following flap elevation and the removal of a tooth and implant installation, clinical measurements were made to characterize the dimension of the surrounding bone walls, as well as the marginal defect. No membranes or filler material was used. The flaps were subsequently replaced and secured with sutures in such a way that the healing cap of the implant was exposed to the oral environment. After 4 months of healing a re-entry procedure was performed and the clinical measurements were repeated. RESULTS: Fifty-two marginal defects exceeding 3 mm were present at baseline: 21 at buccal, 17 at lingual/palatal, and 14 at approximal surfaces. At the re-entry eight defects exceeding 3.0 mm remained. During the 4 months of healing, the bone walls of the extraction underwent marked change. The horizontal resorption of the buccal bone dimension amounted to about 56%. The corresponding resorption of the lingual/palatal bone was 30%. The vertical bone crest resorption amounted to 0.3+/-0.6 mm (buccal), 0.6+/-1.0 mm (lingual/palatal), 0.2+/-0.7 mm (mesial), and 0.5+/-0.9 mm (distal). CONCLUSION: The marginal gap that occurred between the metal rod and the bone tissue following implant installation in an extraction socket may predictably heal with new bone formation and defect resolution. The current results further documented that marginal gaps in buccal and palatal/lingual locations were resolved through new bone formation from the inside of the defects and substantial bone resorption from the outside of the ridge.
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| 5. |
- Botticelli, Daniele, 1953
(author)
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Healing of marginal defects around implants
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The purpose of the present series of investigations was to study the healing of marginal defects around implants. The hard-tissue alterations following immediate implant placement in extrac-tion sites were analyzed in 18 patients (study I). In experimental studies in dogs (i) appositional bone formation in marginal defects at implants (studies II and III), the healing of marginal de-fects at implants with varying surface characteristics and installation techniques (study IV), as well as (iii) the healing of marginal defects that occurred at implants placed in a fully healed ridge or in a fresh extraction socket were evaluated. It was demonstrated that: - The marginal gap between the hard tissue walls and the metal body following implant installa-tion in fresh extraction sockets in humans was in most instances be resolved during the first 4 months of healing. In the process of healing 56% of the buccal and 27% of the lingual/palatal width of the hard tissue walls were lost. - Hard tissue formation started from the walls of the artificially prepared defect (appositional growth) in dogs and complete resolution of the defect including osseointegration was obtained after 4 months of healing. - The resolution of the experimentally produced defect was influenced by the surface characteris-tics but not by the positioning of the mucosa, i.e. if the implants were “submerged” or “non-submerged” during healing. - While almost complete osseointegration occurred at implants placed in artificially produced de-fects in dogs, the process of bone healing and osseointegration was compromised when implants were installed in fresh extraction sockets.
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| 6. |
- Botticelli, Daniele, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Resolution of bone defects of varying dimension and configuration in the marginal portion of the peri-implant bone. An experimental study in the dog.
- 2004
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In: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 0303-6979. ; 31:4, s. 309-17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: It was demonstrated that a marginal defect of about 1 mm between the bone wall and the metal surface after implant installation can heal with a high degree of bone fill and osseointegration. Objective: The aim of the present animal experiment was to study bone healing at implant sites with hard tissue defects of varying dimensions and configuration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four Labrador dogs were used. All mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted. After 3 months of healing, five experimental sites, two control (C1, C2) and three test (T1, T2, T3) sites, were identified. In all five sites, custom-made implants with a sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) surface and with an outer dimension of 3.3x10 mm, were used. In site C1, traditional implant installation was performed. In site C2, the marginal 5 mm of the canal, prepared for the implant, was widened to 5.3 mm using a step-drill. Thus, following the installation of the implant, a circumferential gap occurred between the bone tissue and the metal rod that was 5 mm deep and between 1 and 1.25 mm wide. In test site T1, the canal was widened to establish a marginal gap of 2-2.25 mm. In test sites T2 and T3, the marginal 5 mm of the canal was first widened to 5.3 mm (T2) or 7.3 mm (T3). The buccal bone wall opposite the defect was subsequently removed. Following the placement of a cover screw in sites C2, T1, T2, and T3, a resorbable membrane was placed over the defect. All implants were submerged. After 4 months of healing, block biopsies of each implant site were dissected and processed for ground sectioning. RESULTS: The observations disclosed that four-wall defects of different dimensions (1-2.25 mm wide) that occurred in the marginal portion of the recipient sites following implant installation were resolved during healing. Further, at sites where the buccal bone wall during defect preparation was intentionally removed, healing resulted in defect resolution at the mesial, distal, and lingual aspects. At the buccal aspects, healing was incomplete but the dimension of the defect was reduced by the limited amounts of new bone formation extending from the lateral and apical borders of the defect. CONCLUSION: Wide marginal defects may during healing be filled with bone. In such defects a high degree of osseointegration may occur to implants designed with an SLA surface.
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| 7. |
- Botticelli, Daniele, 1953, et al.
(author)
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The influence of a biomaterial on the closure of a marginal hard tissue defect adjacent to implants. An experimental study in the dog.
- 2004
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In: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 15:3, s. 285-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The present experiment was performed to determine the influence of Bio-Oss on hard tissue formation at sites that, following implant installation, presented a 1-1.25 mm wide marginal defect. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four Labrador dogs were used. The premolars and first molars on both sides of the mandible were extracted. After 3 months, mucoperiosteal flaps were elevated and three experimental sites were prepared for implant installation in each side of the mandible. A step drill was used to widen the marginal 5 mm of the canal. Thus, following the placement of the implant (3.3 x 10 mm, SLA surface, Straumann AG, Waldenburg, Switzerland) a circumferential gap, about 1-1.25 wide and 5 mm deep, remained lateral to the titanium rod. The test sites in the left side of the mandible were first filled with a deproteinized cancellous bone mineral (Bio-Oss). The defect sites in the right side of the mandible (control sites) were left for spontaneous healing. A resorbable barrier membrane (Bio-Gide) was placed to cover the implant and the bone tissue in two sites of each quadrant, while the third site was left without membrane placement. The flaps were repositioned to cover all defect sites and were sutured. After 4 months of healing, block biopsies of each implant site were dissected and processed for ground sectioning. RESULTS: It was demonstrated that at 4 months, all types of defects were filled with newly formed bone and that the biomaterial placed in the marginal defect in conjunction with implant installation during healing became incorporated in the newly formed bone tissue. A high degree of contact was established between the Bio-Oss particles and the newly formed bone. CONCLUSION: Bio-Oss became integrated with the newly formed bone. In the model used, Bio-Oss did not enhance the process of bone formation and defect closure.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Delgado-Ruiz, R. A., et al.
(author)
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Implant stability and marginal bone level of microgrooved zirconia dental implants: A 3-month experimental study on dogs
- 2014
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In: Vojnosanitetski Pregled. - : National Library of Serbia. - 0042-8450. ; 71:5, s. 451-461
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background/Aim. The modification of implant surfaces could affect mechanical implant stability as well as dynamics and quality of pen-implant bone healing. The aim of this 3-month experimental study in dogs was to investigate implant stability, marginal bone levels and bone tissue response to zirconia dental implants with two laser-micro-grooved intraosseous surfaces in comparison with nongrooved sandblasted zirconia and sandblasted, high-temperature etched titanium implants. Methods. Implant surface characterization was performed using optical interferometric profilometry and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. A total of 96 implants (4 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length) were inserted randomly in both sides of the lower jaw of 12 Fox Hound dogs divided into groups of 24 each: the control (titanium), the group A (sandblasted zirconia), the group B (sandblasted zirconia plus microgrooved neck) and the group C (sandblasted zirconia plus all microgrooved). All the implants were immediately loaded. Insertion torque, periotest values, radiographic crestal bone level and removal torque were recorded during the 3-month follow-up. Qualitative scanning electon microscope (SEM) analysis of the bone-implant interfaces of each group was performed. Results. Insertion torque values were higher in the group C and control implants (p < 0.05). Periotest values increased in all the periods in proportion to the extent of microgrooving as follows: the group C > the control > the group B > the group A (p < 0.05). Radiographic measurements showed minimal crestal bone loss at 3 months for microgrooved zirconia implants (groups C and B) and control implants compared with the group A implants (p < 0.05). The removal torque values increased with time for all the groups as follows: the group C > the control > the group B > the group A (p < 0.05). SEM showed that implant surfaces of the groups B and C had an extra bone growth inside the microgrooves that corresponded to the shape and direction of the microgrooves. Conclusion. The addition of microgrooves to the entire intraosseous surface of zirconia dental implants enhances primary and secondary implant stability, promotes bone tissue ingrowth and preserves crestal bone levels.
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| 10. |
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