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- Raison-Peyron, Nadia, et al.
(författare)
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Acetophenone azine : A new allergen responsible for severe contact dermatitis from shin pads
- 2016
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 75:2, s. 106-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Contact dermatitis resulting from the use of shin pads is usually caused by rubber components, dyes, benzoyl peroxide, or formaldehyde resins. Objectives: To investigate and identify a new allergen in shin pads that was responsible for severe contact dermatitis in a young football player. Methods: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of samples of shin pads was performed. The boy was patch tested with pieces of shin pads and with acetophenone azine, a chemical substance identified by HPLC in the foam of the shin pads. Results: HPLC identified acetophenone azine at concentrations of approximately 20μg/g of shin pad samples. Patch tests gave strongly positive reactions to pieces of shin pads and to acetophenone azine down to 0.001% in acetone, whereas acetophenone and hydrazine sulfate were both negative. Twenty controls were negative for acetophenone azine 0.01% in acetone. Conclusions: Acetophenone azine is a new, strong allergen of shin pads, and more generally of other sport equipment based on ethylene vinyl acetate. It may be used as a biocide, but this has to be confirmed. Further investigations are needed to understand factors such as exposure, cross-reaction patterns, metabolism, and the optimal patch test preparation.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Samaran, Quentin, et al.
(författare)
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A new case of photoallergic contact dermatitis caused by benzophenones in magazine covers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 86:4, s. 300-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD) to benzophenone present in printing ink have been reported. However, precise chemical analyses and extended photo-patch tests have not been performed in these cases. Objectives: To determine which components present in a magazine cover are responsible for a patient's skin reaction, to determine the primary sensitizer, and precisely diagnose ACD and PACD. Methods: After initial photo-patch tests were performed on a patient with a history of reaction to magazine covers after sun exposure, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses of the magazine covers, and additional photo-patch tests were performed. Results: The first photo-patch test results confirmed PACD to ketoprofen and fenofibrate and evoked PACD to the magazine covers. 4-methyl benzophenone (4-MBP) and 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone (1-HCPK) were found in the magazine cover. Additional photo-patch tests confirmed PACD to 1-HCPK and to benzophenone, and photo-aggravated ACD to 4-MBP. The primary sensitizer was ketoprofen. Conclusions: Benzophenones are present in a wide variety of products, without always being listed on the packaging. Patients previously sensitized to other ketones, such as ketoprofen, may react to benzophenones without being able to avoid contact with these molecules. New regulations may be needed for more efficient eviction advice.
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