| 1. |
- Dellmuth, Lisa M., et al.
(author)
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Dataset on non-state actor participation in regional fisheries management organizations
- 2021
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In: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 34
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, we present and describe a new dataset of non-state actor participation in seven regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs). The dataset contains institutional, economic and ecological variables relevant for non-state actor participation in RFMOs and for RFMO effectiveness. To code non-state actor participation and institutional factors, we quantify information from publicly available RFMO reports as well as data from the Policy IV dataset. We pair these data with existing datasets on ecological and economic factors from the RAM Legacy and the Sea Around Us databases. This article describes the data collection process and the coded variables in detail.
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| 2. |
- Dellmuth, Lisa M., et al.
(author)
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Empowering NGOs? Long-term effects of ecological and institutional change on regional fisheries management organizations
- 2020
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In: Global Environmental Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-3780 .- 1872-9495. ; 65
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The participation of environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) in regional fisheries management organizations has inspired optimism among many observers and researchers about increasing the effectiveness of these regional organizations in managing highly migratory and straddling fish stocks sustainably. Others claim that the attendance of ENGOs in meetings of regional fisheries management organizations as accredited observers or as part of member state or cooperating non-member state delegations, could make decision-making complex, long, and inefficient. More generally, NGO participation has attracted broad scholarly interest in the study of interest groups and transnational advocacy in political science. Yet, we know little about the determinants of ENGO participation in meetings of regional fisheries management organizations in the first place. To fill this gap, this article develops a theoretical framework conceptualizing ENGO participation and developing expectations about how ecological and institutional change shapes ENGO participation. The framework deals with structural determinants of ENGO participation, as existing literature primarily has been preoccupied with the study of actor-specific explanations of specific NGOs' impact in specific political processes. By contrast, we examine how ecological change - such as target fish stock health and biomass status - and institutional change - such as financial resources, membership composition of regional fisheries management organizations and participation by other non-state actors, such as experts and fishing industry representatives - shape ENGO participation. We empirically explore this framework in the context of seven regional fisheries management organizations. A dataset comprising yearly fish stock-level data on participation, institutional, and ecological factors, for 1980-2014, was compiled for our quantitative inquiry into the determinants of ENGO participation. We find robust evidence that institutional change shapes ENGO participation, but not ecological factors related to target fish stock health. We discuss our findings against the backdrop of ongoing debates about NGOs in political science, and spell out broader implications for future research on NGOs in regional fisheries management organizations.
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| 3. |
- Merrie, Andrew, et al.
(author)
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An ocean of surprises - Trends in human use, unexpected dynamics and governance challenges in areas beyond national jurisdiction
- 2014
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In: Global Environmental Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-3780 .- 1872-9495. ; 27, s. 19-31
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The expanse of ocean which makes up all marine areas beyond national jurisdiction has been characterized as the last frontier of exploitation on the planet, a figurative final Wild West. Existing users of areas beyond national jurisdiction, with the exception of fisheries, currently have a limited footprint there as a consequence, in part, of substantial hurdles in technological development that need to be overcome before many resources can be extracted at a commercially viable scale. However, we argue surprise shifts perpetuated by both established and emerging users could lead to an expansion in actors taking opportunities to chase lucrative resources that they are currently constrained from exploiting. Rapid development could also lead to a crowded ocean due to the multiplication of users which could present a problem given the current lack of a unified institutional framework for governance connecting the different user groups. Here, we have collated trends in human use of areas beyond national jurisdiction and offer a framework for, and examples of, unexpected dynamics relevant to living and non-living marine resources. Such an approach is necessary in order to begin to mobilize an adequate governance response to changing conditions and uses of areas beyond national jurisdiction. This governance response must be able to govern established or potential users, be flexible and adaptive in response to unexpected and unpredictable dynamics and be able to transform in the face of unpredictable future uses of this vast area. Here we present a set of institutional design principles as a first tentative step in this direction.
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