| 1. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Buchwitz, M., et al.
(author)
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The GHG-CCI project of ESA's climate change initiative : Data products and application
- 2016
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In: Proceedings of Living Planet Symposium 2016. - 9789292213053 ; SP-740
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The goal of the GHG-CCI project (http://www.esa-ghg-cci.org/) of ESA's Climate Change Initiative (CCI) is to generate global atmospheric satellite-derived carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) data sets as needed to improve our understanding of the regional sources and sinks of these important greenhouse gases (GHG). Here we present an overview about the latest data set called Climate Research Data Package No. 3 (CRDP3). We focus on the GHG-CCI project core data products, which are near-surface-sensitive column-averaged dry air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4, denoted XCO2 (in ppm) and XCH4 (in ppb) retrieved from SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT (2002-2012) and TANSO-FTS/GOSAT (2009-today) nadir mode radiance observations in the near-infrared/shortwave-infrared spectral region. The GHG-CCI products are primarily individual sensor Level 2 products. However, we also generate merged Level 2 products ("EMMA products"). Here we also present a first GHG-CCI Level 3 product, namely XCO2 and XCH4 in Obs4MIPs format (monthly, 5°×5°).
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| 3. |
- Buchwitz, M., et al.
(author)
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The greenhouse gas project of Esa's climate change initiative (GHG-CCI) : Overview, achievements and future plans
- 2015. - 7W3
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In: 2015 36th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment. - 1682-1750. ; 40, s. 165-172
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The GHG-CCI project (http://www.esa-ghg-cci.org/) is one of several projects of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI). The goal of the CCI is to generate and deliver data sets of various satellite-derived Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) in line with GCOS (Global Climate Observing System) requirements. The "ECV Greenhouse Gases" (ECV GHG) is the global distribution of important climate relevant gases-namely atmospheric CO2 and CH4-with a quality sufficient to obtain information on regional CO2 and CH4 sources and sinks. The main goal of GHG-CCI is to generate long-term highly accurate and precise time series of global near-surface-sensitive satellite observations of CO2 and CH4, i.e., XCO2 and XCH4, starting with the launch of ESA's ENVISAT satellite. These products are currently retrieved from SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT (2002-2012) and TANSO-FTS/GOSAT (2009-today) nadir mode observations in the near-infrared/shortwave-infrared spectral region. In addition, other sensors (e.g., IASI and MIPAS) and viewing modes (e.g., SCIAMACHY solar occultation) are also considered and in the future also data from other satellites. The GHG-CCI data products and related documentation are freely available via the GHG-CCI website and yearly updates are foreseen. Here we present an overview about the latest data set (Climate Research Data Package No. 2 (CRDP#2)) and summarize key findings from using satellite CO2 and CH4 retrievals to improve our understanding of the natural and anthropogenic sources and sinks of these important atmospheric greenhouse gases. We also shortly mention ongoing activities related to validation and initial user assessment of CRDP#2 and future plans.
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| 4. |
- Becker, J. C., et al.
(author)
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What do national flags stand for? : An exploration of associations across 11 countries
- 2017
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In: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. - : Sage Publications. - 0022-0221 .- 1552-5422. ; 48:3, s. 335-352
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We examined the concepts and emotions people associate with their national flag, and how these associations are related to nationalism and patriotism across 11 countries. Factor analyses indicated that the structures of associations differed across countries in ways that reflect their idiosyncratic historical developments. Positive emotions and egalitarian concepts were associated with national flags across countries. However, notable differences between countries were found due to historical politics. In societies known for being peaceful and open-minded (e.g., Canada, Scotland), egalitarianism was separable from honor-related concepts and associated with the flag; in countries that were currently involved in struggles for independence (e.g., Scotland) and countries with an imperialist past (the United Kingdom), the flag was strongly associated with power-related concepts; in countries with a negative past (e.g., Germany), the primary association was sports; in countries with disruption due to separatist or extremist movements (e.g., Northern Ireland, Turkey), associations referring to aggression were not fully rejected; in collectivist societies (India, Singapore), obedience was linked to positive associations and strongly associated with the flag. In addition, the more strongly individuals endorsed nationalism and patriotism, the more they associated positive emotions and egalitarian concepts with their flag. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Jakob, A.M., et al.
(author)
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A characterisation of electronic properties of alkaline texturized polycrystalline silicon solar cells using IBIC
- 2011
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In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 269:20, s. 2345-2349
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study, electronic properties of p-type alkaline texturized polycrystalline silicon solar cells were investigated using ion beam induced charge (IBIC) analysis. With this technique, quantitative information on electronic diffusion lengths and average electronic capture cross sections of lattice defects generated by high energy protons were obtained. Angular-resolved IBIC analysis was used to quantify the electronic diffusion lengths. For this purpose, the experimental data were fitted using a simulation based on the Ramo-Shockley-Gunn (RSG) theorem and the assumption of an abrupt pn-junction. In order to determine the average electronic capture cross section of proton-induced lattice defects, the loss of charge collection efficiency (CCE) was plotted vs. the accumulated ion fluence. As will be demonstrated, a simple model based on charge carrier diffusion and Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination is able to fit the CCE loss well. Furthermore, spatially and energetically highly resolved IBIC-maps of grain boundaries were recorded. A comparison with PIXE-maps shows that there is no correlation observable between CCE variations at grain boundaries and metallic impurities within the PIXE detection limits of a few ppm. On the contrary, there is an evident correlation to the morphology of the sample's surface as was observed by comparing IBIC-maps and SEM-micrographs. These local CCE fluctuations are dominated by the interplay of charge carrier diffusion processes and the sample surface morphology.
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| 9. |
- Lekki, J., et al.
(author)
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On the follicular pathway of percutaneous uptake of nanoparticles: Ion microscopy and autoradiography studies
- 2007
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In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 260:1, s. 174-177
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on the visualization of the penetration of sunscreen formulations containing TiO2 nanoparticles (about 20 nm primary particle size) into hair follicles of both human and porcine skin using the complementary methods of ion microscopy (PIXE, RBS, STIM) and autoradiography. Particles were found as deep as approx. 400 pin in the follicle, obviously introduced mechanically rather than by a diffusive process. No particles were observed in vital tissue nor in sebaceous glands. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Petri, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Endothelial LSP1 is involved in endothelial dome formation, minimizing vascular permeability changes during neutrophil transmigration in vivo
- 2011
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In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 117:3, s. 942-952
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The endothelium actively participates in neutrophil migration out of the vasculature via dynamic, cytoskeleton-dependent rearrangements leading to the formation of transmigratory cups in vitro, and to domes that completely surround the leukocyte in vivo. Leukocyte-specific protein 1 (LSP1), an F-actin-binding protein recently shown to be in the endothelium, is critical for effective transmigration, although the mechanism has remained elusive. Herein we show that endothelial LSP1 is expressed in the nucleus and cytosol of resting endothelial cells and associates with the cytoskeleton upon endothelial activation. Two-photon microscopy revealed that endothelial LSP1 was crucial for the formation of endothelial domes in vivo in response to neutrophil chemokine keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) as well as in response to endogenously produced chemokines stimulated by cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α [TNFα] or interleukin-1β [IL-1β]). Endothelial domes were significantly reduced in Lsp1-/- compared with wildtype (WT) mice. Lsp1-/- animals not only showed impaired neutrophil emigration after KC and TNFα stimulation, but also had disproportionate increases in vascular permeability. We demonstrate that endothelial LSP1 is recruited to the cytoskeleton in inflammation and plays an important role in forming endothelial domes thereby regulating neutrophil transendothelial migration. The permeability data may underscore the physiologic relevance of domes and the role for LSP1 in endothelial barrier integrity.
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