| 1. |
- Achtenhagen, Leona, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Qualitative methods in media management research
- 2020
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In: Management and Economics of Communication. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 9783110589542 - 9783110587166 ; , s. 129-147
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this chapter, we argue that well-conducted qualitative research can play an important role in advancing the field of media management through theory building. We outline and compare different perspectives to qualitative research and how these can be used in terms of sampling, data collection and analysis. We also introduce relevant criteria to assess the quality of qualitative research and present some ethical considerations.
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| 2. |
- Cestino-Castilla, Joaquín, et al.
(author)
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Aiming for validity : The experience of conflicts in legitimacy judgments in esports actors and new grassroots activism
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of the 5th International GamiFIN Conference. - : CEUR-WS. ; , s. 190-199
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Esports is a phenomenon which continues to grow in socio-cultural and economic importance, yet it remains at the edges of mainstream society. To date, there have been few works which address the topic in terms of legitimacy, particularly the micro-processes of legitimization. Given that the esports system is one which currently operates outside wider societal practices, the lived experiences of actors in the ecosystem can offer valuable insights into the world of esports. This research employs IPA in order to understand how actors in organized grassroots esports movements make sense of their individual experiences and actions. A series of novel contributions are provided by this work. First, micro-level theories of legitimacy are applied to a phenomenon which has recently come to mainstream attention, one which is at the same time a business and a culture. Second, it is the first, in our knowledge, to apply a qualitative methodology to the explicit issue of legitimacy in esports. Third, it adds to theories of legitimacy and institutional change by providing empirical insights into the circumstances in which the experience of conflicts in legitimacy judgments independently mobilizes actors, shaping collective action into grassroots activism efforts. Finally, it highlights tensions between international success and the foundations of grassroots esports.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Cestino-Castilla, Joaquín, et al.
(author)
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External enablers in existing organizations : Emergence, novelty, and persistence of entrepreneurial initiatives
- 2023
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In: Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1932-4391 .- 1932-443X. ; 17:2, s. 335-371
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research Summary: There is growing consensus that exogenous environmental changes can affect entrepreneurship. The external enabler framework, which provides the structures and terminology to analyze these enabling effects, has typically focused on new venture creation. In an attempt to extend the external enabler framework to corporate entrepreneurship and innovation, our longitudinal multiple-case study explores how environmental changes enable entrepreneurial initiatives in existing organizations. Our findings contribute to the external enabler framework, corporate entrepreneurship, and innovation literature by identifying new conceptual tools to understand the enabling effect of environmental change for the emergence, novelty, and persistence of entrepreneurial initiatives in existing organizations.Managerial Summary: We studied how the Covid-19 pandemic enabled the initiation and continuation of entrepreneurial activities. Our study of eight small US-based news companies shows that some entrepreneurial initiatives emerged as these organizations redirected their course of action toward new initiatives enabled by the changes in the external environment. Notably, the entrepreneurial initiatives that were new-to-the-industry originated from ideas that were already available in some form within the organization but were not in use until the pandemic gave them a second life. Furthermore, the continuation of these initiatives depended on the persistence of the changes in the environment and on the low maintenance requirements of these initiatives in terms of time, effort, and resources.
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| 5. |
- Cestino-Castilla, Joaquín, et al.
(author)
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Legitimizing the game : how gamers' personal experiences shape the emergence of grassroots collective action in esports
- 2023
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In: Internet Research. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1066-2243. ; 33:7, s. 111-132
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: This paper studies early stages of actor mobilization for institutional change within Swedish esports. Design/methodology/approach: The authors employ interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings: The authors’ findings explain how actors become motivated to act in critical reflections linked to conflicting legitimacy judgments and emotionally charged personal struggles. Moreover, the findings show how, as actors get activated in collective action, they identify efficacy lines around valid domains and experience emotionally charged collective endeavors. Furthermore, the findings explain how particularities in early experiences project legitimacy aspirations that orient collective action toward validity ends and particular values and ideals shaping actors' grassroots movements. Originality/value: This study adds to legitimacy and institutional change theory through individual actors' perspectives, providing key insights into how they are motivated, activated, and oriented. This study is the first to investigate grassroots activists' personal stories in esports.
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| 6. |
- Cestino-Castilla, Joaquín
(author)
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SHAPING THE NEW LOCAL : THE FUTURE OF LOCAL JOURNALISM IN THE PUBLIC DISCOURSE OF COLLECTIVE ACTORS IN THE USA
- 2023
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In: Local Journalism: Critical Perspectives on the Provincial Newspaper. - : Taylor and Francis. - 9780429430343 ; , s. 127-147
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- It is impossible to think about the role of local journalism out of its context. In the United States of America, as in many other Western societies, this context is of increasing precarity. This chapter analyses observations made at key industrial and academic events, which are complemented by interviews with local players and articles, reports and studies produced by prominent actors in the field of news. Despite the significant changes brought by the digital, the core ideas that organise the business of providing local journalistic content in the regional press remain virtually unchanged from the analogic age. By the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis, the technological disruption brought by the internet had already syphoned advertising revenue from local newspapers to a reduced number of big technological players. Print advertising is collapsing and collective actors, increasingly aware of the inability of newspapers to compete with SMP for digital advertising, take issue with the sustainability of advertising as a revenue stream.
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| 7. |
- Cestino, Joaquín, et al.
(author)
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A perspective on path dependence processes : The role of knowledge integration and embeddedness in business model innovation dynamics
- 2015
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we examine why strategy innovation is rare. We integrate the knowledge-based view of the firm and embeddedness of economic action to interpret the historic emergence, formation and current lock-in of legacy newspapers. We research the historic case of the provincial press in UK and the current case of a regional leading newspaper in Spain and analyze how, in an industrial context of relative simplicity and certainty, path dependent formation processes are led by knowledge integration mechanisms. We also suggest that in legacy provincial newspapers the formed path has become locked-in due to embeddedness mechanisms, insolating it from outside negative inputs and perpetuating today’s failing business model. Finally, in order to enhance the potential contributions of path dependence to theory and practice, this paper proposes that an observable outcome of strategic change is needed and offer, for this purpose, a refined conceptualization of strategy innovation based on business model studies. This provides some clues about what is needed for the current lock-in of regional newspapers to be eventually unlock.
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| 8. |
- Cestino, Joaquín, et al.
(author)
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A perspective on path dependence processes : The role of knowledge integration in business model persistence dynamics in the provincial press in England
- 2016
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In: Journal of Media Business Studies. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1652-2354 .- 2376-2977. ; 13:1, s. 22-44
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper examines why strategy innovation is rare in the regional news industry. It integrates the knowledge-based view of a firm, path-dependence theoretical perspective and the field of business model studies to interpret the historic emergence, formation, and current lock-in of legacy regional newspapers. The historic case of the provincial press in England is analysed to consider how, in an industrial context of relative simplicity and certainty, path-dependent formation processes are led by knowledge integration mechanisms.
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| 9. |
- Cestino, Joaquín
(author)
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Business model innovation dynamics in legacy newspapers : Strategizing at critical junctures
- 2015
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Relevance of the research A doomed atmosphere has dominated the traditional newspapers environment in the last years. However, legacy newspapers’ economics have experienced similar situations in the past (Conboy, 2010; Nerone, 2013), having succeeded before in managing significant changes in their business models (BMs). Paradoxically, legacy newspapers are perceived today as locked-in in an obsolete dominant BM.Business literature has described the questions posed by the Internet technology revolution to current newspapers’ economics but has failed to provide relevant cues for the development of new BMs. In this paper I analyze previous BM changes in the industry to (1) better understand the current situation that newspaper companies are in and (2) suggest potential lines of action to manage their business challenges today.Theoretical grounding and rationale for selectionIn an ever changing environment, companies which manage to create value over extended periods of time successfully adapt and renew their BMs (Achtenhagen, Melin, & Naldi, 2013). A BM describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and captures value (Osterwalder & Pigneur, 2010). The paper defines BM innovation as a modification in the logic of profit generation (Magretta, 2002) and is operationalized as changes in the variables taking part in the profit formula (Johnson, Christensen & Kagermann, 2008).Path dependency has been referred as a plausible theoretical explanation to the currently locked-in dominant BM in legacy newspapers (Koch, 2008, 2011; Ryfe & Kemmelmeier, 2011; Djerf-Pierre & Weibull, 2011; Rothman & Koch, 2013; Rothman, Wenzel & Wagner, 2014). Often, organizations and inter-organizational networks and industries are immersed in “dynamics that seem to run by and large beyond the control of agents”, usually in a change resistant manner resulting of a self-reinforcing process. A path dependence perspective helps to explain how this process takes place and eventually consolidates and locks organizations and markets into a path of quasi-deterministic character. Path dependent processes have been described in relation to technology, cognitive, normative or resource-based constraints (Sydow, Schreyögg & Koch, 2009).Newspapers’ practices interact with cognitive and cultural processes on multiple levels, resulting in complexly embedded practices, attitudes and assumptions (Ohlsson, 2012). Zukin and DiMaggio (1990) identify four kinds of embeddedness of economic action: cognitive, cultural, structural, and political embeddedness. The notion of embeddedness may offer the right lenses to understand how path dependent dynamics could result in normative practices and affect business strategies in legacy newspapers.Research design, Method and DataThe selected case study, for a longitudinal history, is the Cumbria News Group Ltd. The firm traces its origins to 1815 and holds an extensive archive. During its existence, the firm has gone through various periods when existing BMs have been challenged. The study includes the context of changes at different levels of analysis. The case particularly focuses on supposedly historical critical junctures in the history of newspapers; (1)1830s: origins of the penny press and the modern conception of news, (2) 1960s: big pipes and normatization of objective-investigative-enterprise journalism; and (3) the current period of digital news and defimiliarization of journalism.The available sources in their archives are brought into dialogue trying to reverse the stages by which the series of narratives have accumulated. In-depth interviews are also used in the analysis of the current period of digital news.The case provides a thick and careful description at the different levels of contexts, appearances and defining practices as a combination of discourse and materiality, and attempts to unearth the underlying logics in the process of change (Pettigrew, 1992).Summary of main results Whatever their public claims, legacy newspapers have seldom experienced in the past radical and fast transformations in their BMs. Incremental change is a better description of their business historic evolution, mainly as a result of a gradual incorporation of new technologies, new revenue streams and new business practices in an interwoven fashion.Contributions to the field’s knowledge baseThe paper contributes with a better understanding of:- The role of cognitive and cultural embeddedness in business strategies of newspapers,- The contributions and limitations of path dependence as a theoretical framework to interpret BM dynamics in legacy newspapers,- How -in a BM analytical mode- legacy newspapers have effectively developed and evolved in different contexts in the past.Practical implicationsManagers in the newspaper industry can use the past as a valid reference to interpret and manage the business challenges in the industry today. Key learnings include:- Since BMs of legacy newspapers have been revised through incremental processes in which new practices do not immediately replace old ones, managers should challenge the current BM without jeopardizing current capabilities,- Since new practices spread from successful innovative newspapers to other players in the industry by a replication process, managers should scan the industry for success stories of new practices,- Managers would benefit from understanding that some normative practices in legacy newspapers are relatively accidental and new to the industry (e.g. quality journalism, readership maximization…)
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| 10. |
- Cestino, Joaquín, et al.
(author)
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Cultural norms and path dependence in business model innovation dynamics : The case of legacy provincial newspapers
- 2015
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this paper we examine why business model innovation is rare. We integrate the theoretical frameworks of embeddedness, path dependency and business models to interpret the historic emergence, formation and current lock-in of legacy provincial newspapers. We analyze the historic case of the provincial press in UK and the current case of a regional leading newspaper in Spain and suggest that the cultural norms which today configure the path dependent business model of legacy newspapers are historically contingent. We also propose that in legacy provincial newspapers the formed path has become locked in due to embeddedness mechanisms, isolating it from outside negative inputs and perpetuating today’s failing business model. Finally, we offer a conceptualization of lock-in from a business model innovation perspective which provide some clues about what is needed for the current lock-in of regional newspapers to be eventually unlock.
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