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- Duffy, SW, et al.
(author)
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Correcting for non-compliance bias in case-control studies to evaluate cancer screening programmes
- 2002
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In: The Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series C. - 0035-9254 .- 1467-9876. ; 51, s. 235-243
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the evaluation of uncontrolled service screening programmes for cancer, the case-control design is sometimes used, in which people who die from the disease in question are compared with live controls with respect to screening histories, Such a design tends to yield estimates of relative mortality in voluntary participants compared with non-participants. This may bias results, since compliers and non-compliers may differ a priori in ways which are not related to screening but which nevertheless affect the risk of death from the disease. We present a simple method, employing external data from previously published randomized controlled trials of screening, of correction for this bias. We illustrate it by using data from a case-control study performed within the invited arm of the Malmo mammographic screening trial, a prospective study from the service screening programme in two counties in Sweden, and a matched case-control study of mammographic screening in Florence, Italy.
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