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- Claesson, A., et al.
(author)
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Incidence and characteristics of drowning in Sweden during a 15-year period
- 2021
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In: Resuscitation. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 162, s. 11-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: Drowning is a global health problem and deeper knowledge about the extent and causes is of utmost importance for implementing preventative actions. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence and characteristics of drowning in Sweden over time, including both non-fatal and fatal cases. Methods: All cases identified as drowning (ICD-10 coding) at a national level in Sweden between 2003-2017 were collected. Three sources of data from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare were extracted via the Cause of Death Register and the National Patient Register. Results: Over 15 years, a total of 6609 cases occurred, resulting in an annual incidence of 4.66 per 100 000. The median age was 49 years (IQR 23-67) and 67% were males. Non-fatal drownings represented 51% (n = 3363), with an overall non-fatal to fatal ratio of 1:1, this being 8:1 for children (0-17 years of age). Non-fatal cases were more often female (36% vs. 30%; p < 0.001), younger 30 (IQR 10-56) vs. 60 (IQR: 45-72) (p < 0.001) and of unintentional nature (81% vs. 55%; p < 0.001). The overall incidence decreased over time from 5.6 to 4.1 per 100 000 (p < 0.001). The highest rate of 30-day survival was found in females 0-17 years (94%, 95% CI 91.1-95.5) and the lowest in males >66 years (28.7%, 95% CI 26.2-31.2). Although the incidence in children 0-4 years increased from 7.4 to 8.1 per 100 000 (p < 0.001), they demonstrated the highest non-fatal to fatal ratio (13:1). Conclusion: Drowning is declining but remains a consistent and underestimated public-health problem. Non-fatal drowning cases represent about half of the burden and characteristics differ from fatal drowning cases, being younger, more often female and of unintentional nature. Keywords: Drowning, Non-fatal, OHCA
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| 2. |
- Hedlund, J., et al.
(author)
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Management of patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated in hospital in Sweden
- 2002
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - 0036-5548. ; 34:12, s. 887-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To investigate the management of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treated in hospital in Sweden, a multicentre retrospective cohort study was performed with medical record review of 982 patients (mean age 63 y) at 17 departments of infectious diseases at hospitals in Sweden. Information on antimicrobial therapy, demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, physical examination findings, and laboratory and microbiological test results were recorded. Outcome measures were in-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay (LOS). Cultures were obtained from blood in 80% and from sputum in 22% of the patients. A microbiological aetiology was determined for 23% of the patients, with Streptococcus pneumoniae as the dominating agent (9%). The initial antibiotic treatment was mostly given intravenously (78%). Penicillin (50%) or a cephalosporin (30%) was the most common choice. Both of these drugs were usually given as a single agent. The overall mortality was 3.5% and the mean LOS was 6.4 d. Thus, the outcome was favourable despite the empirical antibiotic treatment having a narrow spectrum compared with the broader approach recommended in most recent guidelines on the management of CAP. These findings suggest that a majority of patients who are hospitalized with moderately severe pneumonia can be treated initially with penicillin alone.
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| 3. |
- Woitowich, N. C., et al.
(author)
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Structural basis for light control of cell development revealed by crystal structures of a myxobacterial phytochrome
- 2018
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In: Iucrj. - : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr). - 2052-2525. ; 5:Part 5, s. 619-634
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Phytochromes are red-light photoreceptors that were first characterized in plants, with homologs in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic bacteria known as bacteriophytochromes (BphPs). Upon absorption of light, BphPs interconvert between two states denoted Pr and Pfr with distinct absorption spectra in the red and far-red. They have recently been engineered as enzymatic photoswitches for fluorescent-marker applications in non-invasive tissue imaging of mammals. This article presents cryo- and room-temperature crystal structures of the unusual phytochrome from the non-photosynthetic myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca (SaBphP1) and reveals its role in the fruitingbody formation of this photomorphogenic bacterium. SaBphP1 lacks a conserved histidine (His) in the chromophore-binding domain that stabilizes the Pr state in the classical BphPs. Instead it contains a threonine (Thr), a feature that is restricted to several myxobacterial phytochromes and is not evolutionarily understood. SaBphP1 structures of the chromophore binding domain (CBD) and the complete photosensory core module (PCM) in wild-type and Thr-to-His mutant forms reveal details of the molecular mechanism of the Pr/Pfr transition associated with the physiological response of this myxobacterium to red light. Specifically, key structural differences in the CBD and PCM between the wild-type and the Thr-to-His mutant involve essential chromophore contacts with proximal amino acids, and point to how the photosignal is transduced through the rest of the protein, impacting the essential enzymatic activity in the photomorphogenic response of this myxobacterium.
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| 4. |
- Bibikova, E. V., et al.
(author)
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The early crust of the Volgo-Uralian segment of the East European Craton: Isotope-geochronological zirconology of metasedimentary rocks of the Bolshecheremshanskaya Formation and their Sm-Nd model ages
- 2015
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In: Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation. - 0869-5938. ; 23:1, s. 1-23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present the results of isotope-geochronological study of metasedimentary rocks of the Bolshecheremshanskaya Formation of the Volgo-Uralian segment of the East European Craton carried out to identify their protoliths. 16 samples of high-alumina gneisses from well cores were studied using the Sm-Nd isotope method and T-Nd(DM) model ages. Accessory zircons were selected from rocks with the most ancient model ages (more 3.2 Ga) in three wells: Minnibaevskaya 20000, Novo-Elkhovskaya 20009, and Zai-Karatayskaya 12930 in South Tatarstan. The isotope U-Pb dating of 200 zircon grains was performed on a Cameca 1280 NORDSIM secondary ion mass spectrometer at the Natural History Museum (Stockholm, Sweden). The most applicable sites for analysis of zircon crystals were pre-selected based on cathodoluminescence images. The analytical results demonstrate the diversity of zircon groups in age from 3.8 to 2.6 Ga and together with geochemical features of metasedimentary rocks of the Bolshecheremshanskaya Formation suggest the heterogeneous composition and age of provenance areas under denudation. Occurrence of Eoarchean and Paleoarchean zircons in the clastic material of the protolith of the Bolshecheremshanskaya gneisses indicates the existence of Early Archean crustal terrains in Volgo-Uralia.
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| 9. |
- Fedotova, A. A., et al.
(author)
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New Data on the Paleoproterozoic Age of Metamorphism in the Yelabuga Deformation Zone of Volgo-Uralia, East European Craton
- 2019
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In: Doklady Earth Sciences. - 1028-334X. ; 488:1, s. 1123-1127
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract: This data on the age of metamorphism of rocks of the Yelabuga zone and the geochronological data on detrital zircon from paragneisses of the same zone are presented, and their correlation with the ages of rocks from the Middle Volga megablock is made. The rocks of the Yelabuga zone and Middle Volga megablock have similar geochemical characteristics and degrees of metamorphism, but demonstrate the following differences: Paleoproterozoic metamorphism was clearly expressed in the studied rocks of the Yelabuga zone, which contrasts to rocks of the Middle Volga megablock, where no metamorphism of this age is manifested. The study of the U–Pb isotopic system in external zones of zircon crystals from the Yelabuga deformation zone suggests that rocks underwent two stages of metamorphism, 1.99 and 1.95 Ga ago.
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