| 1. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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In: The European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6052. ; 75:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 2. |
- Loytynoja, T., et al.
(author)
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Quantum mechanics capacitance molecular mechanics modeling of core-electron binding energies of methanol and methyl nitrite on Ag(111) surface
- 2016
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In: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 145:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study a newly devised quantum mechanics capacitance molecular mechanics ( QMCMM) method for the calculation of core-electron binding energies in the case of molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces. This yet untested methodology is applied to systems with monolayer of methanol/methyl nitrite on an Ag(111) surface at 100 K temperature. It was found out that the studied C, N, and O 1s core-hole energies converge very slowly as a function of the radius of the metallic cluster, which was ascribed to build up of positive charge on the edge of the Ag slab. Further analysis revealed that an extrapolation process can be used to obtain binding energies that deviated less than 0.5 eV against experiments, except in the case of methanol O 1s where the difference was as large as 1.8 eV. Additional QM-cluster calculations suggest that the latter error can be connected to the lack of charge transfer over the QM-CMM boundary. Thus, the results indicate that the QMCMM and QM-cluster methods can complement each other in a holistic picture of molecule-adsorbate core-ionization studies, where all types of intermolecular interactions are considered.
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| 3. |
- Feifel, Raimund, et al.
(author)
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From localised to delocalised electronic states in free Ar, Kr and Xe clusters
- 2004
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In: European Physical Journal D. Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6060 .- 1434-6079. ; 30:3, s. 343-351
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present new results for the inner valence levels of clusters of the three inert gases Ar, Kr and Xe based on photoelectron spectroscopy studies. The inner valence levels are compared to the localised core levels and to the delocalised outer valence levels. This comparison shows a gradual change from a relatively localised behaviour for Ar inner valence 3s, over the intermediate case of Kr inner valence 4s, to a more delocalised behaviour for Xe inner valence 5s. This change correlates well with the ratio between the orbital sizes and the interatomic distances. The Kr4s intermediate case is found to exhibit characteristics of both localised and delocalised behaviour.
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| 7. |
- Abrehdary, Majid, et al.
(author)
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Towards the Moho depth and Moho density contrast along with their uncertainties from seismic and satellite gravity observations
- 2017
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In: Journal of Applied Geodesy. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1862-9016 .- 1862-9024. ; 11:4, s. 231-247
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a combined method for estimating a new global Moho model named KTH15C, containing Moho depth and Moho density contrast (or shortly Moho parameters), from a combination of global models of gravity (GOCO05S), topography (DTM2006) and seismic information (CRUST1.0 and MDN07) to a resolution of 1° × 1° based on a solution of Vening Meinesz-Moritz’ inverse problem of isostasy. This paper also aims modelling of the observation standard errors propagated from the Vening Meinesz-Moritz and CRUST1.0 models in estimating the uncertainty of the final Moho model. The numerical results yield Moho depths ranging from 6.5 to 70.3 km, and the estimated Moho density contrasts ranging from 21 to 650 kg/m3, respectively. Moreover, test computations display that in most areas estimated uncertainties in the parameters are less than 3 km and 50 kg/m3, respectively, but they reach to more significant values under Gulf of Mexico, Chile, Eastern Mediterranean, Timor sea and parts of polar regions. Comparing the Moho depths estimated by KTH15C and those derived by KTH11C, GEMMA2012C, CRUST1.0, KTH14C, CRUST14 and GEMMA1.0 models shows that KTH15C agree fairly well with CRUST1.0 but rather poor with other models. The Moho density contrasts estimated by KTH15C and those of the KTH11C, KTH14C and VMM model agree to 112, 31 and 61 kg/m3 in RMS. The regional numerical studies show that the RMS differences between KTH15C and Moho depths from seismic information yields fits of 2 to 4 km in South and North America, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia and Antarctica, respectively.
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| 9. |
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Coastal tourism communities in transition : change practices, innovation, and governance for resilient futures
- 2023
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Editorial collection (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This special issue focusses on the transition of tourism in coastal communities to more resilient futures. A wide range of land- and marine tourism activities take place in coastal communities, and marine tourism, such as cruise tourism is often promoted as a way to develop the host communities and regional economies. Such communities are, however, particularly vulnerable to disturbances, unexpected shocks, and crises, such as climate change, depopulation, or pandemics. As well as identifying and developing desirable futures, communities need opportunities and activities, including tourism, that create economic value while sustaining livelihoods and restoring and preserving natural and social resources. Change practices, innovation, governance, and resilience are key themes and there is a need to critically rethink the connections between resilient communities and sustainable development in future.As the travel industry rebounds from the pandemic, it is expected that established coastal destinations will continue to grow and new destinations will emerge. While a great debate has emerged around the impacts of tourism on coastal communities and how to manage tourism development to ensure sustainability, we know relatively little about change practices of stakeholders directly affected by and involved in tourism development. Research has shown that, despite differences between communities, the way marine tourism activities are perceived by stakeholders, depends on the balance between different types of visitor segments (land-based, marine-based, organized, or individual travelers) and the development stage of the destination. There is a need for more knowledge on how communities develop change practices and innovate for sustainability and resilience as global anthropogenic transformations have made striving for sustainability more urgent and prominent. Consequently, understanding the environmental, economic, and socio-cultural impacts of tourism in coastal communities, is an important task that has recently been emphasized by several tourism researchers.In this special issue we encourage an approach that invites many more actors than the tourism industries into a coastal tourism ontology, which allows for telling tourism not as a uni-dimensional ´tool´ for development or ´threat´ for nature and culture of coastal communities, but as a messy, distributed, and collaborative achievement and a process of making-with, becoming-with and thinking-with a much larger collective than the usual tourism stakeholders. By including many stories and identifying the ideological influences that are at work, we can ask whose interests are being served by a particular ideology.This special issue is geared towards sharing research on the challenges and possibilities of tourism from the perspective of local communities in which it occurs. Academics so far only generated very few insights on how tourism communities are defining, governing, and implementing the principles of sustainability to prevent negative impacts, or to develop in a favorable direction. Consequently, there is a need to explore how local communities understand, engage with, and adapt to coastal tourism and sustainability, or even finding alternative paths to their future development. It therefore seems timely to examine the concepts of change practices, sustainability, resilience, innovation, and coastal community development at both organizational and community level. This call responds to the acknowledgement that tourism needs to be reoriented towards the public good, and that the types of tourism developed should be decided by the local community. We are therefore looking for voices from coastal tourism communities that discuss and imagine ways tourism can be developed to enable human, non-human and environmental wellbeing.Accordingly, this call for papers seeks original and relevant conceptual and empirical papers on how coastal tourism activities offer opportunities and pose challenges for tourism and hospitality actors, communities, regions, and coastal environment and how these stakeholders adapt, change, and innovate accordingly. We would like to encourage a critical dialog regarding these aspects and engage in the discussions of possible futures for coastal regions, conserving the co-existing development of tourism and other economic sectors.For this special issue we encourage submissions that that examine sustainability and resilience practices in the context of coastal, Arctic, and Nordic tourism and hospitality. Suggested research themes include but are not limited to:• Tourism communities: resilience and sustainability• Mechanisms for promotion of the engagement of local stakeholders with coastal and/or marine tourism• Governance and management of marine tourism development• Innovation, knowledge and change management• Institutional entrepreneurship, social movement, and collective action of tourism stakeholders• Employment and labor markets in the context of coastal tourism and hospitality• Emerging, innovative or participatory research methods and methodologies• Community leadership and collaboration in tourism and across other economic sectors• Role of land-based tourism activities in the cruise tourism development: lessons learned and ways forward• Adaptations of coastal tourism development in the post pandemic era and risk management• Role of public and private sector collaboration in adaptations and crisis management in times of global pandemics
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| 10. |
- Coates, A. J., et al.
(author)
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Recent Results from Titan's Ionosphere
- 2011
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In: Space Science Reviews. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0038-6308 .- 1572-9672. ; 162:1-4, s. 85-111
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Titan has the most significant atmosphere of any moon in the solar system, with a pressure at the surface larger than the Earth's. It also has a significant ionosphere, which is usually immersed in Saturn's magnetosphere. Occasionally it exits into Saturn's magnetosheath. In this paper we review several recent advances in our understanding of Titan's ionosphere, and present some comparisons with the other unmagnetized objects Mars and Venus. We present aspects of the ionospheric structure, chemistry, electrodynamic coupling and transport processes. We also review observations of ionospheric photoelectrons at Titan, Mars and Venus. Where appropriate, we mention the effects on ionospheric escape.
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