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- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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- Dasari, D., et al.
(författare)
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End-to-End Analysis of Event Chains under the QNX Adaptive Partitioning Scheduler
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium, RTAS. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 214-227
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern autonomous cars run classic AUTOSAR applications alongside advanced driving assistance systems on a single-vehicle computer. Ensuring safety and predictability in such a complex system is challenging and requires temporal isolation between the various components. A promising solution is the POSIX-compliant QNX operating system: it meets the automotive standards for functional safety at the highest level (ISO 26262 ASIL-D) and provides temporal isolation through the Adaptive Partitioning Scheduler (APS), a resource reservation algorithm that guarantees processor bandwidth to groups of threads. These guarantees make it an ideal platform for composing diverse and complex applications on centralized vehicle computers. However, so far, there is no precise description or analysis of the APS reservation mechanism in real-time literature. In this paper, we provide the first description of the behavior of the APS from a real-time point of view and validate the results by running experiments on a real QNX platform. Based on the derived scheduler rules, we develop a response-time analysis to bound the end-to-end latency of event chains under APS. Finally, we evaluate different design strategies on a case study based on a real autonomous construction vehicle.
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- Becker, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation on AUTOSAR-Compliant solutions for many-core architectures
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 18th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design, DSD 2015. - 9781467380355 ; , s. 95-103
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As of today, AUTOSAR is the de facto standard in the automotive industry, providing a common software architecture and development process for automotive applications. While this standard is originally written for singlecore operated Electronic Control Units (ECU), new guidelines and recommendations have been added recently to provide support for multicore architectures. This update came as a response to the steady increase of the number and complexity of the software functions embedded in modern vehicles, which call for the computing power of multicore execution environments. In this paper, we enumerate and analyze the design options and the challenges of porting AUTOSAR-based automotive applications onto multicore platforms. In particular, we investigate those options when considering the emerging many-core architectures that provide a more 'scalable' environment than the traditional multicore systems. Such platforms are suitable to enable massive parallel execution, and their design is more suitable for partitioning and isolating the software components.
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- Engstrand, J., et al.
(författare)
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Liver resection and ablation for squamous cell carcinoma liver metastases
- 2021
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Ingår i: BJS Open. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Oxford University Press. - 2474-9842. ; 5:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Limited evidence exists to guide the management of patients with liver metastases from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The aim of this retrospective multicentre cohort study was to describe patterns of disease recurrence after liver resection/ablation for SCC liver metastases and factors associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).METHOD: Members of the European-African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association were invited to include all consecutive patients undergoing liver resection/ablation for SCC liver metastases between 2002 and 2019. Patient, tumour and perioperative characteristics were analysed with regard to RFS and OS.RESULTS: Among the 102 patients included from 24 European centres, 56 patients had anal cancer, and 46 patients had SCC from other origin. RFS in patients with anal cancer and non-anal cancer was 16 and 9 months, respectively (P = 0.134). A positive resection margin significantly influenced RFS for both anal cancer and non-anal cancer liver metastases (hazard ratio 6.82, 95 per cent c.i. 2.40 to 19.35, for the entire cohort). Median survival duration and 5-year OS rate among patients with anal cancer and non-anal cancer were 50 months and 45 per cent and 21 months and 25 per cent, respectively. For the entire cohort, only non-radical resection was associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio 3.21, 95 per cent c.i. 1.24 to 8.30).CONCLUSION: Liver resection/ablation of liver metastases from SCC can result in long-term survival. Survival was superior in treated patients with liver metastases from anal versus non-anal cancer. A negative resection margin is paramount for acceptable outcome.
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