| 1. |
- Burström, Per Gunnar
(author)
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Varför behövs fogar?
- 1987
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In: Byggsverige. - 1101-0053. ; :3/87, s. 49-54
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
- Hamid, Akram Abdul, et al.
(author)
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Impact of Added Thermal Insulation on Cold Attics in Apartment Buildings in Temperate Climate – A Review
- 2023. - 1
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In: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 0094-243X. ; 2918
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Added insulation in cold attics can be an efficient and profitable energy efficiency measure. Simultaneously, added insulation increases the risk of a decreased temperature in the attic, thereby increasing the risk of high relative humidity and moisture damage. This paper collocates and reviews previous publications that deal with the impact of added insulation on attics as a renovation measure. This is done by systematically searching for publications relevant to tempered climate, specifically Swedish climate. Furthermore, the review aims to categorize and review existing literature in order to synthesize the examined impact of additional insulation of cold attics regarding the potential for energy reduction, the impact on risks for moisture damage, and the impact on indoor environmental quality. Results from the literature review show that the measure reduces the energy use of buildings and emissions. Furthermore, the measure is shown to be a profitable measure, especially in combination with other measures. However, previous publications also show that with increased insulation, the risk for moisture damage also increases, but that supplemental measures can be taken in order to reduce such a risk.
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| 3. |
- Thorlund, Jonas Bloch, et al.
(author)
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Opioid dispensing in relation to arthroscopic knee surgery in Denmark from 2006 to 2018
- 2023
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In: Danish Medical Journal. - 2245-1919. ; 70:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION. In the US, opioids are commonly prescribed after arthroscopic knee surgery. We aimed to investigate opioid dispensing in relation to arthroscopic knee surgeries from 2006 to 2018 in Denmark. METHODS. In Danish registries, we identified patients (≥ 15 years old) having arthroscopic knee surgery (anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction; meniscal surgery; cartilage resection; synovectomy and diagnostic arthroscopy) between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2018 and opioid dispensing (oral morphine equivalents (OMEQ)) within seven days after discharge from surgery. RESULTS. Among 218,940 patients, 15,263 (7%) had an opioid dispensed within seven days after being discharged following surgery. The opioid dispensing incidence (per 1,000 persons/year) increased during the study period for all procedures. This trend was more pronounced for ACL reconstruction, which recorded an increase from 86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 75-99) in 2006 to 278 (95% CI: 255-301) in 2018, corresponding to 9% and 28% of ACL patients, respectively. In the same period, the average amount of opioids dispensed within the first seven days after discharge decreased (change: 70.0 OMEQ (95% CI: 12.4-127.5)). Tramadol and oxycodone were the most commonly dispensed opioids. CONCLUSION. About 7% of patients had an opioid dispensed within the first seven days after discharge following arthroscopic knee surgery. The incidence of opioids dispensed increased for all investigated procedures from 2006 to 2018. In the same period, the average amount of opioids dispensed within the first seven days after discharge decreased.
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| 4. |
- Asgharian, Hossein
(author)
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Essays on Capital Structure
- 1997
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Chapter 2 analyses the relationship between capital structure and industry classification of Swedish firms. This study also analyses the determinants of the capital structure at the industry level. Since the assumption required for a parametric analysis of variances are not satisfied, a nonparametric method is applied to test for cross-industry differences in capital structure. The results show that leverage varies significantly across industries. However, the multiple comparison analysis reveals that the significance of the result is mainly due to the construction and real estate industries. Analysis of some determinants of the capital structure at the industry level, with a descriptive method, verifies that the variation of debt ratios has almost the same pattern as the variation of the collateral value of the firms’ assets. Chapter 3 presents an analysis of the relationship between a firm’s characteristics and its choice of capital structure. A large number of hypotheses of different classes of theories are tested. To reduce deficiencies resulting from using a single indicator for attributes which cannot be directly observed, I apply the LISREL method of structural equation modeling. Furthermore, the Extreme Bound Analysis is applied to test for fragility of the estimated coefficients to changes in the number of explanatory variables of the model. The results show that growth, size, collateral value of the assets, and managers’ shareholding positively affect firm leverage, while the effect of profitability on leverage is negative. Chapter 4 studies determinants of the firm leverage during the economic downturn in Sweden 1989-1992. I use a panel data framework to capture both cross-sectional and intertemporal relationships between firm leverage and its determinants. In the first part, I use a descriptive analysis to study variations in mean leverage ratios during the period 1988 to 1992. In the second part, a regression analysis is applied to find variables which explain variations in firm leverage during the recession. The model allows for firm and time effects as well as time varying coefficients. The consistency and efficiency of the estimators regarding problems such as self selection bias and heteroscedasticity are taken into account. Among other things, I find that dividend payments and stock returns affect firms’ leverage negatively. Chapter 5 studies the relationships between firm performance and leverage during the economic recession in Sweden and tests the hypothesis that highly leveraged firms lose market shares to their less leveraged rivals in an industry downturn. I apply both parametric and semiparametric regression methods to analyze the relationships between firm performance and leverage. I find that the highly leveraged firms in distressed industries face relatively lower sales growth and stock returns, while seemingly able to retain a relatively higher growth in profitability. The finding suggests that the decline in sales of the highly leveraged firms might be a result of managers’ preferences to decrease the activity of product lines with low profitability.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Hamid, Akram Abdul, et al.
(author)
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Choice of Indoor Standard in Hygrothermal Simulations of External Walls – Three Swedish Case Studies
- 2023. - 1
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In: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 0094-243X. ; 2918
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- When assessing the moisture damage risks of different external wall designs using hygrothermal simulation software, the user of said software can choose between different inputs for the determination of the indoor climate. This paper aims to compare results from field measurements in three Swedish buildings using different standards available in a widely used commercial hygrothermal simulation software, WUFI Pro. In this project, field measurements on external walls were conducted before the implementation of interior insulation. Measurements were conducted indoors, outdoors, and on the exterior and interior surfaces of the external walls. Comparing measurement and simulation results shows that on-site measurements give more accurate modelling of an existing external wall. However, the results also show that, when needed, any of the current standards can be used as replacements for actual measurements regarding indoor air temperature. The comparisons show that the most accurate results regarding the relative humidity are generated when ASHRAE Standard 160 is applied with an intermediate approach and a higher air change rate than in the nominal case. However, several parameters must be known for such an approach, such as the actual air change rate and the number of bedrooms. If such parameters are not known, the standard that gives the best fit between measured and simulated relative humidity is EN15026.
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| 7. |
- Kaplan, Alexander
(author)
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Modelling of the absorptivity increase in conduction laser spot welding
- 2003
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In: 9th NOLAMP Conference. - Trondheim : Department of Geography, Norwegian University of Science and Technology. - 8292499016 ; , s. 271-281
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- mathematical model was developed for the absorption process during simple surface heating by a laser pulse (as in laser spot welding) in order to investigate its time dependent behaviour and sensitivity under different conditions. The model included a heat conduction model to determine the temperature field in the material taking into account changes in absorptivity and its temperature dependence. The model was used to analyse the spot welding of the highly reflective substrate material copper using an Nd:YAG laser.
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| 8. |
- Millak, Jurek
(author)
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Organisatorisk kompetens : organisatorisk kompetens och inlärning vid IT-satsningar i tre sjukvårdsorganisationer
- 1998
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overall purpose of the study is to analyse and to create an understanding of the phenomenon of organisational competence in conjunction with the introduction of information technology (IT) or other competence raising measures where IT plays an important part. Comparative case studies have been chosen as the method and three different organisations have been investigated. The analysis and conclusions are based on a qualitative method inspired by Strauss and Corbin.The contribution to research from this study is as follows:In addition to technical and social competence the concept of awareness is introduced, which relates both of these concepts to the environment. Without awareness or insight into the competence which is required, or where and when it is required, the organisation is unable to utilise its total competence in a suitable manner. Further dimensions, both visible and invisible, are required in order to make a more penetrating analysis of the phenomenon of organisational competence.Two new concepts, core competence and peripheral competence are introduced. Core competence has a direct bearing on the core activity of the organisation. It is established in the study that organisational competence is developed when the investment relates to this core competence.There are a number of dimensions in an organisation which are extremely important if an investment in organisational competence is to succeed. These include cooperation among different employee groups, management support which legitimises the investment and the attitudes of the individual managers and employees. The size of the organisation is also important; it is primarily the small organisations which are successful. The financial circumstances of the organisation are of course important, but to a lesser extent than expected. Investments in organisational competence, as long as they refer to core competences, take place whether or not external financing is available.The study shows clearly that investment in IT should not be regarded as a goal in itself. In the successful investments, it is apparent that IT is only one of the means available and that it should be regarded as an integral part of a greater whole.For organisational learning to take place and for changes in organisational competence to be attained, it is essential that the organisation regards and classifies IT as part of its core competence.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- van Wachem, Berend, 1972
(author)
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Modeling of Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds
- 2005
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In: The Multiphase Flow Handbook.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Multiphase flows, such as liquids in gases or particles in liquids, pose challenging, complex problems. While significant advances in experimental techniques and numerical modeling have been made over the past 20 years, no up-to-date, practical book on the subject has been available. The Multiphase Flow Handbook fills that void. It provides complete, authoritative coverage of the concepts, experimental techniques, and numerical modeling of multiphase flows. Chapters contributed by an outstanding international team of experts provide state-of-the-art information on physical and computational models, innovative measurement techniques, numerical examples, and more than 600 illustrations.
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