| 1. |
- Ding, Lijie, et al.
(author)
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Ideal cardiovascular health and risk of death in a large Swedish cohort
- 2024
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In: BMC Public Health. - 1471-2458. ; 24:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) can be assessed by 7 metrics: smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diet, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, proposed by the American Heart Association. We examined the association of ideal CVH metrics with risk of all-cause, CVD and non-CVD death in a large cohort. Methods A total of 29,557 participants in the Swedish National March Cohort were included in this study. We ascertained 3,799 deaths during a median follow-up of 19 years. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of the association between CVH metrics with risk of death. Laplace regression was used to estimate 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles of age at death. Results Compared with those having 6-7 ideal CVH metrics, participants with 0-2 ideal metrics had 107% (95% CI = 46-192%) excess risk of all-cause, 224% (95% CI = 72-509%) excess risk of CVD and 108% (31-231%) excess risk of non-CVD death. The median age at death among those with 6-7 vs. 0-2 ideal metrics was extended by 4.2 years for all-causes, 5.8 years for CVD and 2.9 years for non-CVD, respectively. The observed associations were stronger among females than males. Conclusions The strong inverse association between number of ideal CVH metrics and risk of death supports the application of the proposed seven metrics for individual risk assessment and general health promotion.
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| 2. |
- Ding, Lijie, et al.
(author)
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Smoking, heavy drinking, physical inactivity, and obesity among middle-aged and older adults in China : cross-sectional findings from the baseline survey of CHARLS 2011-2012.
- 2020
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In: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 20:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Prevention and control of cardiometabolic conditions and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in China may contribute to sustainable CVD reduction globally, given the fact that one-fifth of the worldwide population is in China. Knowing the distribution of behavioral risk factors (e.g., smoking and physical inactivity), especially at a national level in China, would be extremely relevant to the field of public health and CVD prevention. The objectives of this study were to investigate the nationwide prevalence of obesity, smoking, heavy drinking, and physical inactivity in Chinese adults, and further explore whether cardiometabolic conditions would modify the distribution of behavioral risk factors.METHODS: This population-based study is based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2012), including 17,302 adults (≥45 years, mean age 59.67 years, female 51.66%) from 25 provinces in China. Data on demographics, lifestyle factors, health status and history of diseases were collected via structured interviews and laboratory tests. Smoking, heavy drinking, obesity, and physical inactivity were defined following standard guidelines. We performed descriptive analysis and logistic regressions in this study.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of heavy drinking, obesity, current smoking, and physical inactivity among middle-aged and older adults was 7.23% (95% confidence interval 6.53-7.29%), 11.53% (10.43-12.62%), 27.46% (26.30-28.62%), and 44.06% (41.19-46.92%), respectively. The prevalence varied between rural and urban areas as well as among geographic areas, with higher prevalence in the Northern and Northeastern regions. Heavy drinking and obesity were significantly associated with incident hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol; while current smoking was significantly associated with incident hypertension. Compared with healthy individuals, participants who self-reported a diagnosis of hypertension, high cholesterol, or diabetes were less likely to smoke currently and drink alcohol heavily, but more likely to be physically inactive and obese.CONCLUSIONS: Among Chinese middle-aged and older adults, the prevalence of behavioral risk factors varies by geographic region. Further effort is required to improve physical activity and fitness for Chinese adults, especially those with cardiometabolic conditions.
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| 3. |
- Ding, Yu, et al.
(author)
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Hydrogen-enhanced grain boundary vacancy stockpiling causes transgranular to intergranular fracture transition
- 2022
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In: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 239
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The attention to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) has been intensified recently in the light of hydrogen as a carbon-free energy carrier. Despite worldwide research, the multifaceted HE mechanism remains a mat-ter of debate. Here we report an atomistic study of the coupled effect of hydrogen and deformation temperature on the pathway to intergranular fracture of nickel. Uniaxial straining is applied to nickel E5(210)[001] and E9(1-10)[22-1] grain boundaries with or without pre-charged hydrogen at various temperatures. Without hydrogen, vacancy generation at grain boundary is limited and transgranular frac-ture mode dominates. When charged, hydrogen as a booster can enhance strain-induced vacancy genera-tion by up to ten times. This leads to the superabundant vacancy stockpiling at the grain boundary, which agglomerates and nucleates intergranular nanovoids eventually causing intergranular fracture. While hy-drogen tends to persistently enhance vacancy concentration, temperature plays an intriguing dual role as either an enhancer or an inhibitor for vacancy stockpiling. These results show good agreement with recent positron annihilation spectroscopy experiments. An S-shaped quantitative correlation between the proportion of intergranular fracture and vacancy concentration was for the first time derived, highlight-ing the existence of a critical vacancy concentration, beyond which fracture mode will be completely intergranular.
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| 4. |
- Huang, Dan, et al.
(author)
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Interface of Sn-doped AgAlTe2 and LiInTe2 : A theoretical model of tandem intermediate band absorber
- 2021
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In: Applied Physics Letters. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 118:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Designing a new absorber to overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit for single-junction solar cells is of great importance for solar cell advancements. Here, a theoretical model of tandem intermediate band absorber is proposed based on the interface of Sn-doped AgAlTe2 and LiInTe2. Sn-doped AgAlTe2 and LiInTe2 are imminent to produce ideal heterojunctions as they possess similar lattice constants and the type-II band offset, providing an approach to overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit.
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