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- Einfeldt, Marieke, et al.
(author)
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The production of geminates in Italian-dominant bilinguals and heritage speakers of Italian
- 2019
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In: LIA Language, Interaction and Acquisition. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1879-7865 .- 1879-7873. ; 10:2, s. 177-203
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examines cross-linguistic influence (CLI) in adult Italian-German bilinguals based on the production of gemination, a phenomenon that exists in Italian but not in German. We analyzed the spontaneous Italian speech of two groups of Italian-German bilinguals (heritage speakers of Italian and Italian-dominant bilinguals) and a monolingual Italian control group. The results show that the geminates produced by the speakers in both bilingual groups were longer than their singletons. From this it seems that gemination is not affected by CLI. Based on our results, we discuss whether CLI is determined by (1) markedness, (2) frequency of Italian input during acquisition, (3) language dominance or (4) relevance (e.g. phonemic status), concluding that the latter is most crucial.
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- Einfeldt, Marieke, et al.
(author)
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THREE FIRST LANGUAGES (3L1) AT ONCE : A CASE STUDY OF TRILINGUAL CONSONANT DEVELOPMENT
- 2022
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In: Lingue e Linguaggio. - 1720-9331. ; 21:1, s. 73-98
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study investigates the development of the consonant inventories of a trilingual child acquiring Standard German, Swiss German and Italian simultaneously to find out whether and how mono- and trilingual acquisition differ. We examine our findings in the light of cross-linguistic interaction (CLI) and language separation in multilingual first language acquisition. To this end, longitudinal trilingual data as well as monolingual control data was analyzed for all three languages. We will discuss the role of language internal factors (markedness, frequency, complexity, typological proximity) for CLI as well as external ones (quantity and quality of input, dominance, metalinguistic awareness). Results speak for an independent development of the three sound systems with little CLI. Some sounds showed accelerated developments, arguably due to higher metalinguistic awareness resulting in advanced articulatory skills.
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