| 1. |
- Berntsson, Lars-Olof, et al.
(author)
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EAST-ADL 2.0 Specification
- 2008
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Reports (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This specification of the EAST ADL 2.0 is based on the EAST-ADL developed in the EAST EEA projectand has been further refined and harmonized with on-going modelling appraches in the automotiveindustry. It presents the modeling infrastructure, i.e. how the modeling elements should be represented inthe language and the UML representation. For each package a usage example is provided.The EAST-ADL 2.0 is harmonized with AUTOSAR.The metamodel and UML profile of EAST ADL 2.0 is defined in two steps: A domain (automotive)metamodel is defined, capturing only the domain specific needs of the language, without adding the UML2details. The basic concepts of UML are used for this purpose, such as classes, compositions andassociations. Based on the domain metamodel, a UML2 profile for the domain metamodel is defined,specifying stereotypes with properties and constraints.Comments on the content of this document are welcomed, and should be directed to .Please download the latest available specification and the XMI file ready for use in UML2 tools from the website.
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| 2. |
- Priebe, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Factors influencing subjective quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and other mental disorders: A pooled analysis
- 2010
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In: Schizophrenia Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-9964. ; 121:1-3, s. 251-258
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Subjective quality of life (SQOL) is an important outcome in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. However, there is only limited evidence on factors influencing SQOL, and little is known about whether the same factors influence SQOL in patients with schizophrenia and other mental disorders. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with SQOL and test whether these factors are equally important in schizophrenia and other disorders. For this we used a pooled data set obtained from 16 studies that had used either the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile or the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life for assessing SQ01_ The sample comprised 3936 patients with schizophrenia, mood disorders, and neurotic disorders. After controlling for confounding factors, within-subject clustering, and heterogeneity of findings across studies in linear mixed models, patients with schizophrenia had more favourable SQOL scores than those with mood and neurotic disorders. In all diagnostic groups, older patients, those in employment, and those with lower symptom scores had higher SQOL scores. Whilst the strength of the association between age and SQOL did not differ across diagnostic groups, symptom levels were more strongly associated with SQOL in neurotic than in mood disorders and schizophrenia. The association of employment and SQOL was stronger in mood and neurotic disorders than in schizophrenia. The findings may inform the use and interpretation of SQOL data for patients with schizophrenia. C 2009 Elsevier BA/. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Eklund, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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A survey on the categorical term construction with applications
- 2016
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In: Fuzzy sets and systems (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-0114 .- 1872-6801. ; 298, s. 128-157
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper gives a survey on the categorical term construction based on the free algebra algorithm. In the framework of monoidal biclosed and cocomplete categories a possible concept of signature for finitary theories is introduced. Applications of these constructions are given in Goguen's category and in the category of complete lattices and join preserving maps.
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| 4. |
- Eklund, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Complete Many-Valued Lattices
- 2017
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In: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). - : IEEE. - 9781509060344
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Let Sup be the category of complete lattices and join preserving maps. The aim of this paper is to show that the theory of complete many-valued lattices exists. For this purpose we recall the concept of many-valued preordered sets and show that the category of many-valued join-complete lattices is isomorphic to the category of right modules in Sup - a theorem which goes back to I. Stubbe in a more general context given by quantaloid enriched categories. Finally, we will explain the presented theory by some natural examples, and do not hesitate to apply the theory to a simple stochastic linear programming problem.
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| 5. |
- Eklund, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Modules in Health Classifications
- 2017
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In: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). - : IEEE. - 9781509060344
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In applications, for example in health care, many-valuedness modelled using quantales plays an important role. The paper presents variations of the three chain modules C-3 over unitalization of the three chain quantale (C-3 is the smallest possible quantale to model many-valuedness), thus, variations of right actions are given. From application point of view, it is then possible to choose suitable modules when modelling, for example, the causalities between disease, intervention and functioning. The effect of drug interaction in presence of multiple diseases, and as affecting functioning, adds to this complexity. Health care communities and professionals comply with a range classifications and terminologies, also including scales to qualify strength or hierarchies of evidence, in the sense of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM), or interaction, or as related to levels of functioning. Such hierarchies adopted in health care are ad hoc as compared to the potentially algebraic and logical structures of terminologies used as part of clinical decision-making. The notion of 'evidence' in EBM would benefit from a logical enrichment. In this paper we show how these hierarchies canonically derive as actions where transitions appear as levels in hierarchies of evidence. In this sense, the Logic-Based Medicine (LBM) view is complementary to EBM, the latter indeed very well known and established, whereas LBM is yet to be recognized more broadly. We will also see how three-valuedness related to health conditions, rather than two-valuedness, is the generator of many-valuedness related to strength of evidence.
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| 6. |
- Eklund, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Non-commutative Quantales for Many-Valuedness in Applications
- 2016
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In: 16th International Conference, IPMU 2016, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, June 20-24, 2016, Proceedings, Part I. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319405964 - 9783319405957 ; , s. 437-449
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we show how the diversity of properties for quantales is well suited for describing multivalence in many-valued logic. Tensor products of quantales will play an important role in showing how more simple valuation scales can be tensored together to provide more complex valuation scales. In health care applications, this is typically seen for disorders and functioning. Classification of disorder is typically quite bivalent, whereas scales used in functioning classifications are multivalent. The role 'not specified' or 'missing' is shown to be of importance.
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| 7. |
- Eklund, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Non-Commutativity and Many-Valuedness : The Topological Representation of the Spectrum of C*-Algebras
- 2017
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In: 2017 IEEE International Conference On Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). - : IEEE. - 9781509060344
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the past there have been made various attempts to define the spectrum of a non-commutative C*-algebra. But all these definitions have certain drawbacks - e.g. C.J. Mulvey's definition does not coincide with the standard definition of the spectrum in the commutative case. The aim of this paper is to give an alternative definition of the spectrum which does not suffer under this deficit - i.e. coincides with the standard situation in the commutative setting. For this purpose we recall some properties of balanced and bisymmetric quantales, introduce a definition of the spectrum of a C*-algebra working for the general case and develop subsequently its topological representation.
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| 8. |
- Eklund, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Preface
- 2018
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In: Semigroups in complete lattices. - : Springer.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Joshi, Peter K, et al.
(author)
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Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations
- 2015
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 523:7561, s. 459-462
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power. Here we use runs of homozygosity to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts, and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in one second, general cognitive ability and educational attainment (P < 1 × 10(-300), 2.1 × 10(-6), 2.5 × 10(-10) and 1.8 × 10(-10), respectively). In each case, increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months' less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing evidence that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples, no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection, this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been.
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