| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Bergenholtz, Gunnar, 1939, et al.
(author)
-
Sveriges ledande position inom odontologisk forskning hotas
- 2003
-
In: Tandläkartidn. ; 9, s. 60-61
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Nationella samordningsgruppens aktiviteter syftar till att: - identifiera forskningsmiljöer som kan stärkas genom nationell koordinering - sammanföra yngre forskare från olika forskningsmiljöer - sammanföra etablerade forskare men yngre forskare - stimulera till forskningssamarbete på ett nationellt plan
|
|
| 3. |
- Bienvenu, Emile, et al.
(author)
-
Frequencies of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Cytochrome P450 Genes in a Rwandan Population: Difference to Other African Populations
- 2013
-
In: Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine. - 1875-6921 .- 1875-6913. ; 11:3, s. 237-246
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes play a key role for interindividual variability in drug response. No comprehensive pharmacogenetic data are yet available for the Rwandan population in regards to single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP450s of major importance for personalized medicine. This study investigated the genotype and allele frequencies with respect to relevant SNPs for CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genes in Rwandan subjects (n=80). Results were compared with data from South African and Cameroonian populations using Pearson's χ2 and Fisher's Exact statistical tests. Genetic variation was observed in 11 out of the 13 SNPs in the above CYP450 genes. There were significant differences in the distribution of the allelic variants when the Rwandan sample was compared to the Cameroonian and the South African groups, with respect to CYP2A6 1093G>A SNP (P=0.0033 and 0.019, respectively) and CYP3A4 -392A>G SNP (P=0.0001 and 0.0084, respectively). The distribution of the CYP1A2-163C>A SNP differed between the Rwandans and the South Africans (P=0.0001), and CYP3A5 6986A>G SNP between the Rwandan and the Cameroonian subjects (P=0.017). The polymorphisms CYP2B6 516G>T and 785A>G did not show significant differences (P>0.05) between the Rwandans, Cameroonians and South Africans in the distribution of the 516T and the 785G variants. This is the first study evaluating the allele and genotype frequencies of these key CYP450 genes in Rwandan subjects. The results demonstrate the need to further characterize individual African populations with respect to genetic variations in order for personalized medicine to be realized among Africans. These data will also help illuminate the future planning of pharmacodynamic studies aimed at associations of these pharmacogenetic variants with drug safety and efficacy in Rwanda. © 2013 Bentham Science Publishers.
|
|
| 4. |
- Damberg, Mattias, et al.
(author)
-
Investigation of transcription factor AP-2 beta genotype in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
- 2005
-
In: Neuroscience letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3940. ; 377:1, s. 49-52
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It has repeatedly been shown that the serotonergic system is involved in the symptomatology of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Women with PMDD are reported to differ from symptom-free controls with regard to serotonin-related biological markers. Evidence from family and twin studies suggests a genetic contribution to the aetiology of PMDD. The expression of human transcription factor AP-2beta in neural crest cell lineages and neuroectodermal cells suggests that this protein may be of importance for functional characteristics of neurons by regulating the expression of target genes. Within the monoaminergic systems, several genes have binding sites for AP-2beta in regulatory regions, suggesting an involvement of AP-2beta in these systems. The gene encoding AP-2beta is located on chromosome 6p12-p21.1 and includes a polymorphic region consisting of a variable number of [CAAA] repeats located in the second intron. We have earlier shown that AP-2beta genotype is associated with serotonergic phenotypes and that brainstem levels of AP-2beta correlate positively to serotonin metabolism in rat frontal cortex. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between PMDD and transcription factor AP-2beta genotype. The participants included 176 women with PMDD and 91 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reactions. We did not observe any differences in AP-2beta genotype frequencies between PMDD subjects and controls. Our results suggest that AP-2beta genotype is not a risk factor for PMDD. To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating transcription factor AP-2beta genotype in women with PMDD. Hence, these results should be considered preliminary until replicated.
|
|
| 5. |
- Ekman, Agneta, 1961, et al.
(author)
-
Low density and high affinity of platelet [3H]paroxetine binding in women with bulimia nervosa.
- 2006
-
In: Psychiatry research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1781 .- 1872-7123. ; 142:2-3, s. 219-23
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Impaired serotonin transmission has been suggested to be implicated in the pathophysiology of bulimia nervosa. As an indirect measure of brain serotonergic activity, the binding of tritiated ligands to platelet serotonin transporters has been studied in bulimia nervosa as well as in other putatively serotonin-related psychiatric disorders. In this study, the density and affinity of platelet serotonin transporters were assessed in 20 women meeting the DSM-IV criteria for bulimia nervosa and in 14 controls without previous or ongoing eating disorder using [(3)H]paroxetine as a ligand. In comparison to controls, women with bulimia nervosa had a significantly reduced number of platelet binding sites (B(max) = 721 +/- 313 vs. 1145 +/- 293 fmol/mg protein) and an increase in the affinity for the ligand demonstrated by a lower dissociaton constant (K(d) = 33 +/- 10 vs. 44 +/- 10 pM). A significant correlation between B(max) and K(d) values was found in patients but not in controls. Our results support the notion that bulimia nervosa is associated with a reduction in platelet serotonin transporter density. In addition, our study is the first to report that this reduced transporter density in women with bulimia nervosa is accompanied by an increase in the affinity of the transporter for the ligand.
|
|
| 6. |
- Eriksson, Anna-Lena, 1971, et al.
(author)
-
[Preparing for the licence to prescribe in medical school - a questionnaire study on medical students professional confidence in the art of prescribing]. : Läkemedelsarbete behöver vara integrerat i klinisk utbildning - Att göra många läkemedelsgenomgångar ökar trygghet och reflektion över patientens behandling, visar enkätstudie.
- 2019
-
In: Lakartidningen. - 1652-7518. ; 116
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A prerequisite for rational use of medicines is adequate prescribing skills; drug treatment isa complex task requiring diagnostic competence combined with pharmacologic knowledge and patient communication skills.Acquiring professional confidence in the art of prescribing is essential during medical training.The results of this questionnaire study, conducted in four medical schools in Sweden after the course in internal medicine (252 respondents; response rate: 74%; median age: 24 years, 61% female), show that 45% and 62% were confident in performing medication reviews and writing medication summary reports, respectively, i.e. the basics of prescribing. The confidence increased by the number of reviews and reports performed, i.e. the extent of practice (correlation coefficients: 0.41 and 0.38, respectively, both p<0.0001), as did the extent of the students' reflection on important aspects of drug treatment such as adherence, adverse reactions, renal function, dosing, and drug interactions. In multivariate regression analyses, major predictors for confidence in performing medication reviews were extent of practice and extent of clinical supervision. The results suggest that these factors are keys to acquiring professional confidence in the art of prescribing.
|
|
| 7. |
- Eriksson, Elias, 1956, et al.
(author)
-
Escitalopram Administered in the Luteal Phase Exerts a Marked and Dose-Dependent Effect in Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.
- 2008
-
In: Journal of clinical psychopharmacology. - 0271-0749. ; 28:2, s. 195-202
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This is the first placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), escitalopram, in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Women with PMDD (intention-to-treat population, n = 151) were treated intermittently for 3 months, during luteal phases only, with 10 mg/d escitalopram, 20 mg/d escitalopram, or placebo. Escitalopram was found to exert a marked and a dose-dependent symptom-reducing effect, 20 mg/d being clearly superior to 10 mg/d. Although the primary outcome parameter, that is, the sum of the symptoms irritability, depressed mood, tension, and affective lability, was decreased by 90% with 20 mg/d escitalopram, the effect of active treatment on breast tenderness, food craving, and lack of energy was more modest and not significantly different from that of placebo; this outcome supports our previous assumption that the former symptoms are more inclined to respond to intermittent administration of an SSRI than are the latter. Although the placebo response was high, the difference between the placebo group and the 20-mg/d escitalopram group with respect to the percentage of subjects displaying 80% or greater reduction in the rating of the cardinal symptom of PMDD, that is, irritability, was considerable: 30% versus 80%. Adverse events were those normally reported in SSRI trials, such as nausea and reduced libido, and were not more common in patients given 20 mg/d of escitalopram than in patients given the lower dose. This study supports the usefulness of escitalopram for the treatment of PMDD and sheds further light on how different components of this syndrome are differently influenced by intermittent administration of an SSRI.
|
|
| 8. |
- Ernberg, M, et al.
(author)
-
Examina och utbildning inom svensk odontologisk forskning
- 2003
-
In: Tandläkartidn. ; 95:9, s. 54-59
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- En internationell utvärdering visade för några år sedan att Sverige riskerar att förlora sin position som världsledande nation inom odontologisk forskning. För att få en uppfattning om förändringarna inom forskarutbildningen och den postdoktorala meriteringen samlades data för 1990-2001 in från fakulteterna, Statistiska Centralbyrån samt Högskoleverket. Avsikten var att undersöka antalet forskarutbildade tandläkare, mångfalden bland doktoranderna och de som disputerat samt deras nuvarande anställningsform. Materialet jämfördes sedan med tidigare data. I medeltal avlade 25 personer per år doktorsexamen åren 1990-2001. Antalet har minskat under senare år. En majoritet av dem som avlade doktorsexamen hade odontologisk bakgrund. Relativt få har meriterat sig för en fortsatt akademisk karriär. 32 studerande påbörjade forskarutbildning åren 1991-2001. Andelen doktorander med annan akademisk grundexamen än odontologisk ökar. Sedan 1999 har forskningsvolymen minskat med motsvarande en hel fakultets forskningsvolym. Vi drar därför slutsatsen att kunskapsutvecklingen inom svensk odontologi riskerar att stagnera samt att fakulteternas behov av lärare till högre akademiska tjänster liksom folktandvårdens behov av handledare inom specialistutbildningen inte kommer att kunna tillgodoses i framtiden.
|
|
| 9. |
- Fardell, Camilla, et al.
(author)
-
S100B polymorphisms are associated with age of onset of Parkinson's disease
- 2018
-
In: Bmc Medical Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2350. ; 19:42
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: In this study we investigated the association between SNPs in the S100B gene and Parkinson's disease (PD) in two independent Swedish cohorts. The SNP rs9722 has previously been shown to be associated with higher S100B concentrations in serum and frontal cortex in humans. S100B is widely expressed in the central nervous system and has many functions such as regulating calcium homeostasis, inflammatory processes, cytoskeleton assembly/disassembly, protein phosphorylation and degradation, and cell proliferation and differentiation. Several of these functions have been suggested to be of importance for the pathophysiology of PD. Methods: The SNPs rs9722, rs2239574, rs881827, rs9984765, and rs1051169 of the S100B gene were genotyped using the KASPar (R) PCR SNP genotyping system in a case-control study of two populations (431 PD patients and 465 controls, 195 PD patients and 378 controls, respectively). The association between the genotype and allelic distributions and PD risk was evaluated using Chi-Square and Cox proportional hazards test, as well as logistic regression. Linear regression and Cox proportional hazards tests were applied to assess the effect of the rs9722 genotypes on age of disease onset. Results: The S100B SNPs tested were not associated with the risk of PD. However, in both cohorts, the T allele of rs9722 was significantly more common in early onset PD patients compared to late onset PD patients. The SNP rs9722 was significantly related to age of onset, and each T allele lowered disease onset with 4.9 years. In addition, allelic variants of rs881827, rs9984765, and rs1051169, were significantly more common in early-onset PD compared to late-onset PD in the pooled population. Conclusions: rs9722, a functional SNP in the 3'-UTR of the S100B gene, was strongly associated with age of onset of PD.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
