| 1. |
- Pick, C. M., et al.
(author)
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Family still matters : Human social motivation across 42 countries during a global pandemic
- 2022
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In: Evolution and human behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-5138 .- 1879-0607. ; 43:6, s. 527-535
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic caused drastic social changes for many people, including separation from friends and coworkers, enforced close contact with family, and reductions in mobility. Here we assess the extent to which people's evolutionarily-relevant basic motivations and goals—fundamental social motives such as Affiliation and Kin Care—might have been affected. To address this question, we gathered data on fundamental social motives in 42 countries (N = 15,915) across two waves, including 19 countries (N = 10,907) for which data were gathered both before and during the pandemic (pre-pandemic wave: 32 countries, N = 8998; 3302 male, 5585 female; Mage = 24.43, SD = 7.91; mid-pandemic wave: 29 countries, N = 6917; 2249 male, 4218 female; Mage = 28.59, SD = 11.31). Samples include data collected online (e.g., Prolific, MTurk), at universities, and via community sampling. We found that Disease Avoidance motivation was substantially higher during the pandemic, and that most of the other fundamental social motives showed small, yet significant, differences across waves. Most sensibly, concern with caring for one's children was higher during the pandemic, and concerns with Mate Seeking and Status were lower. Earlier findings showing the prioritization of family motives over mating motives (and even over Disease Avoidance motives) were replicated during the pandemic. Finally, well-being remained positively associated with family-related motives and negatively associated with mating motives during the pandemic, as in the pre-pandemic samples. Our results provide further evidence for the robust primacy of family-related motivations even during this unique disruption of social life.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Pick, Cari M., et al.
(author)
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Fundamental social motives measured across forty-two cultures in two waves
- 2022
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In: Scientific Data. - : Springer Nature. - 2052-4463. ; 9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- How does psychology vary across human societies? The fundamental social motives framework adopts an evolutionary approach to capture the broad range of human social goals within a taxonomy of ancestrally recurring threats and opportunities. These motives-self-protection, disease avoidance, affiliation, status, mate acquisition, mate retention, and kin care-are high in fitness relevance and everyday salience, yet understudied cross-culturally. Here, we gathered data on these motives in 42 countries (N = 15,915) in two cross-sectional waves, including 19 countries (N = 10,907) for which data were gathered in both waves. Wave 1 was collected from mid-2016 through late 2019 (32 countries, N = 8,998; 3,302 male, 5,585 female; M-age = 24.43, SD = 7.91). Wave 2 was collected from April through November 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic (29 countries, N = 6,917; 2,249 male, 4,218 female; M-age = 28.59, SD = 11.31). These data can be used to assess differences and similarities in people's fundamental social motives both across and within cultures, at different time points, and in relation to other commonly studied cultural indicators and outcomes.
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| 4. |
- Elmas, S., et al.
(author)
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Platinum Terpyridine Metallopolymer Electrode as Cost-Effective Replacement for Bulk Platinum Catalysts in Oxygen Reduction Reaction and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
- 2017
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In: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 5:11, s. 10206-10214
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Conducting polymers consisting of metal-selective coordination units and a highly conductive backbone, so-called metallopolymers, are interesting materials exposing single atoms for photo/electrocatalysis and thus represent a potential low-cost alternative for bulk or nano particulate platinum group metals (PGMs). We synthesized and fully characterized an electropolymerisable monomer bearing a pendant terpyridine unit for the selective complexation of PGMs. Electrocatalytic tests of the resulting metallopolymer, poly-[(tThTerpy)PtCl]Cl, revealed activity both in the oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction. Rotating disk experiments showed the direct four-electron reduction of molecular oxygen to water at low angular velocities of the rotating electrode. Furthermore, the fabrication of Pt metallopolymers proved to be simple, nonhazardous and versatile. This proof-of-concept opens up the possibility for developing future low-cost electro-and photocatalysts to replace current systems.
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| 5. |
- Bini, Kim, 1987, et al.
(author)
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Broad spectrum absorption and low-voltage electrochromic operation from indacenodithieno[3,2-: B] thiophene-based copolymers
- 2019
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In: Polymer Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1759-9954 .- 1759-9962. ; 10:16, s. 2004-2014
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electrochromic performance of conjugated polymers has quickly become an important design factor in a variety of applications. There is still significant need to develop highly stable materials with high optical contrast, desired colour switching and fast kinetics. Here, poly[indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,8-diyl] (PIDTT) is introduced as a new type of electrochromic polymer exhibiting a narrow absorption band, excellent electrochemical stability and fast colour switching kinetics between vibrant red (peak maximum at ∼550 nm) and transparent (peak maximum at ∼920 nm) within a low potential range of 0-0.8 V. To widen the spectral coverage of the well-functioning PIDTT over the entire visible range, a modified donor-acceptor approach is used by incorporating three different donor-acceptor-donor (DAD) segments into an indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene (IDTT) based polymer backbone, so as to obtain three different alternating copolymers. This design motif is further rationalized by the maintained electrochemical stability of the new copolymers, and their full colour switching between black and transparent down to an ultra-low potential range of 0-0.6 V.
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| 6. |
- Dewi, M. R., et al.
(author)
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Monofunctionalization and Dimerization of Nanoparticles Using Coordination Chemistry
- 2015
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In: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-086X .- 1936-0851. ; 9:2, s. 1434-1439
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes a strategy for controlled nanoparticle dimerization by using a solid support approach. Two types of nanoparticles have been linked by using a 5-([2,2':6',2"-terpyridine]-4'-yloxy)pentan-1-amine (terpy-amine) iron complex. The strategy includes two major steps: first, the monofunctionalization of individual nanoparticles with terpy-amine ligand molecules on a solid support, followed by release of monofunctionalized particles and subsequent dimerization. The versatility of the approach was demonstrated by dimerizing two different types of nanoparticles: spherical gold and cube-shaped iron oxide nanoparticles.
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| 7. |
- Garg, R., et al.
(author)
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Deposition Methods of Graphene as Electrode Material for Organic Solar Cells
- 2017
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In: Advanced Energy Materials. - : Wiley. - 1614-6840 .- 1614-6832. ; 7:10, s. Article Number: 1601393-
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Advances in the research of graphene in the development of optoelectronic devices have clearly witnessed a strong increase in the past few years. Graphene, a zero bandgap semiconducting material exhibits exceptional properties such as high conductivity, mechanical robustness, optical transparency, flexibility and much more yet to be discovered. Due to its extraordinary properties, graphene is believed to have the potential to replace many traditional electrode materials that are being used in optoelectronic devices. To achieve a high device performance various deposition techniques have been developed to deposit a thin, transparent, and uniform layer of graphene on different substrates. However, the success of these methods strongly relies on the processing conditions, resulting morphology and the work function of the graphene films. This review summarizes the developments in the synthesis and deposition methods of graphene electrodes in combination with organic solar cells over the past 10 years.
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| 8. |
- Murto, Petri Henrik, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Highly Stable Indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene-Based Donor-Acceptor Copolymers for Hybrid Electrochromic and Energy Storage Applications
- 2020
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In: Macromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5835 .- 0024-9297. ; 53:24, s. 11106-11119
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stable doping of indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene (IDTT) structures enables easy color tuning and significant improvement in the charge storage capacity of electrochromic polymers, making use of their full potential as electrochromic supercapacitors and in other emerging hybrid applications. Here, the IDTT structure is copolymerized with four different donor-acceptor-donor (DAD) units, with subtle changes in their electron-donating and electron-withdrawing characters, so as to obtain four different donor-acceptor copolymers. The polymers attain important form factor requirements for electrochromic supercapacitors: desired switching between achromatic black and transparent states (L*a*b∗ 45.9, -3.1, -4.2/86.7, -2.2, and -2.7 for PIDTT-TBT), high optical contrast (72% for PIDTT-TBzT), and excellent electrochemical redox stability (Ired/Iox ca. 1.0 for PIDTT-EBE). Poly[indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,8-diyl-alt-4,7-bis(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)-2-(2-hexyldecyl)-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-7,7′-diyl] (PIDTT-EBzE) stands out as delivering simultaneously a high contrast (69%) and doping level (>100%) and specific capacitance (260 F g-1). This work introduces IDTT-based polymers as bifunctional electro-optical materials for potential use in color-tailored, color-indicating, and self-regulating smart energy systems.
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| 9. |
- Naeimi Kararoudi, Meisam, et al.
(author)
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Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas9 Gene Editing Technique in Xenotransplantation.
- 2018
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In: Frontiers in immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 9
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Genetically modified pigs have been considered favorable resources in xenotransplantation. Microinjection of randomly integrating transgenes into zygotes, somatic cell nuclear transfer, homologous recombination, zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and most recently, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9) are the techniques that have been used to generate these animals. Here, we provide an overview of the CRISPR approaches that have been used to modify genes which are vital in improving xenograft survival rate, including cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase, B1,4N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, isoglobotrihexosylceramide synthase, class I MHC, von Willebrand factor, C3, and porcine endogenous retroviruses. In addition, we will mention the importance of potential candidate genes which could be targeted using CRISPR/Cas9.
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| 10. |
- Pan, Xun, et al.
(author)
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Water/Ethanol Soluble p-Type Conjugated Polymers for the Use in Organic Photovoltaics
- 2020
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In: Frontiers in Materials. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-8016. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have developed two series of p-type conjugated polymers based on poly[2,3-bis-(3-octyloxyphenyl)quinoxaline-5,8-diyl-alt-thiophene-2,5-diyl] (TQ1) polymeric backbone utilizing polar pendant groups, i.e., tertiary amine and pyridine, to achieve switchable solubility in water and ethanol. By balancing the ratio between polar and non-polar side-groups, we could combine green-solvent processability with the manufacturing of functional photovoltaic devices. Due to the unavailability of water/alcohol soluble acceptors, the photovoltaic performance of these new polymers was evaluated using organic solvent by incorporating PC61BM. For water/alcohol soluble partial amine-based polymers, we achieve a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ∼0.8% whereas alcohol soluble partial pyridine-based polymers show enhanced PCE of ∼1.3% with inverted device structure. We propose that the enhancement in PCE is a result of the reduction in amino-group content and the lower basicity of pyridine, both of which decrease the interaction between functionalized polymers with the anode interface material and reduce the miscibility of the donor and acceptor. Further improvement of the photovoltaic performance, in particular the open-circuit voltage (Voc), was achieved by using an anode buffer layer to mitigate the unfavorable interaction of the amino/pyridine groups with the MoO3 electrode. Our work demonstrated the possibility of substituent modification for conjugated polymers using tertiary amine and pyridine groups to achieve water/alcohol soluble and functional donor materials.
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