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- Elsharkawi, Ibrahim, et al.
(author)
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Exploring the effect of epigenetic modifiers on developing insulin-secreting cells
- 2020
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In: HUMAN CELL. - : SPRINGER JAPAN KK. - 1749-0774 .- 0914-7470. ; 33, s. 1-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Diabetes is a worldwide health problem with increasing incidence. The current management modalities did not succeed to decrease comorbidities. This study aimed at enhancing the regenerative solution for diabetes by improving the differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) into glucose-sensitive, insulin-secreting cells through an epigenetic modification approach. A 3-day treatment protocol with the epigenetic modifiers, either decitabine (5-aza-2 -deoxycytidine; Aza); a DNA methylation inhibitor or Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid; SAHA); a histone deacetylase inhibitor was added to two different human stem cell lines. The cells followed a multi-step differentiation protocol that provided the critical triggers in a temporal approach. Aza-pretreated group showed higher intracellular expression of insulin and the transcription factor PDX-1. The cells responded to the high glucose challenge by secreting insulin in the media, as shown by ELISA. Gene expression showed induction of the genes for insulin, the glucose transporter 2, glucokinase, as well as the transcription factors MafA and NKX6.1. Although SAHA showed upregulation of insulin secretion, in comparison to control, the cells could not respond to the high glucose challenge. Interestingly, Aza-treated cells showed a significant decrease in the global DNA methylation level at the end of the culture. In conclusion, this additional step with Aza could enhance the response of MSC to the classical differentiation protocol for insulin-secreting cells and may help in establishing a regenerative solution for patients with diabetes.
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| 2. |
- Elsharkawi, Ibrahim, et al.
(author)
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Investigating the role of the histone deacetylases-inhibitor suberanilohydroxamic acid in the differentiation of stem cells into insulin secreting cells
- 2019
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In: Hamdan Medical Journal. - : Medknow Publications. - 2227-2437. ; 12:1, s. 10-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: The United Arab Emirates has the second incidence of diabetes in the world. The current diabetes management plans are associated with many complications and do not provide a cure. Stem cells offer hope for permanent alleviation of this health problem through the possible differentiation into insulin-secreting cells. The current methods for the differentiation do not produce homogeneous beta-cell populations. Histone deacetylation is an epigenetic silencing mechanism that can render many genes irresponsive to the induction protocols. This study aimed at investigating the effect of the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA) on the production of functional beta cells, based on a mesenchymal stem cells model. Methods: MG63 cells were treated for three consecutive days with SAHA, followed by a three-steps of beta cells differentiation protocol, with media-contained retinoic acid, epidermal growth factor, nicotinamide and exendin-4 at different stages. Then, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was conducted to assess the functional state of the differentiated cells.Results: Pretreating the cells with SAHA enhanced the insulin production and secretion in comparison to the control (PBS) and the vehicle dimethyl sulfoxide, as shown by the immunofluorescence detection of insulin and the transcription factor “PDX1”, as well as an increase in insulin secretion in the media. Gene expression analysis showed that SAHA pretreated cells had more induction of the studied markers when challenged with high glucose level.Conclusion: Such findings indicate a novel approach to enhance the ability of stem cells to differentiate into insulin-producing cells with potential therapeutic implications.
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