| 1. |
- Enskär, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Barriers in the School-Based Pan-Gender HPV Vaccination Program in Sweden : Healthcare Providers' Perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Vaccines. - : MDPI. - 2076-393X. ; 11:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines effectively prevent, and can even eliminate, HPV-related cancers. Currently, vaccination rates are suboptimal in the national Swedish school-based vaccination program. School nurses play a key role in all aspects of the vaccination process. Therefore, this study aims to explore school nurses' perceived HPV vaccination challenges.Methods: Seven focus group interviews were conducted with school nurses (n = 35) working in nine socio-demographically diverse municipalities in mid-Sweden. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Results: Participants described difficulties in encountering and handling the diversity of reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Parents known to be skeptical of vaccines in general were seen as most difficult to reach. Uncertainty was expressed concerning the extent of professional responsibility for vaccine promotion. The informants expressed a lack of guidelines for vaccine promotion and described challenges in supporting the child's own wishes. Creating a safe space for the individual child was seen as crucial. Other problems described were the challenges of overcoming children's fear of needles, supporting unvaccinated children, and being confronted with the remaining gender inequities of the pan-gender vaccination program.Conclusions: Our results suggest that school nurses, especially those new to their profession, may benefit from training and guidance22 material on how to address vaccine hesitancy.
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| 2. |
- Enskär, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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School children's perceptions about being offered the HPV vaccination : A focus group study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThere is limited knowledge about the perceptions of HPV vaccination in middle-school children. This qualitative study aimed to explore their views.MethodsWe conducted focus group interviews with children, 10–11 years of age, who had been offered HPV vaccination through the school health services in mid-north Sweden in spring of 2023. Data were analysed with qualitative content analysis.ResultsThis study included six focus group interviews with 49 children (boys n = 29; girls n = 20), mean of 11 years of age. Participating children expressed the need to feel safe to be of utmost importance and the means to do so was to be prepared and informed by someone the child trusted. The school nurse was perceived as the expert, best suited to provide factual information, support and motivation, both to children and their parents.ConclusionWe confirm that healthcare providers' recommendations are crucial for HPV vaccine acceptance also from the child's perspective. Improved information about HPV vaccination to children is necessary. Children's right to participate on their own terms is not fulfilled today. Vaccine promotion, both to children and parents, should be actively managed by the school nurse.
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| 3. |
- Gard, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring young people's experiences of race, gender and socioeconomic status in relation to everyday challenges : A focus group study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Children & society. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0951-0605 .- 1099-0860. ; 38:1, s. 228-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reports indicate a decrease in youth mental health in Sweden but at the same time research suggests that what is interpreted as mental ill-health could be considered everyday challenges by young people themselves. The distribution of mental health and illness among young people is uneven based on inequities related to factors such as race, gender and socioeconomic status. Sweden in particular is a country with large socioeconomic inequities in youth mental health and in school results, compared to other European countries. The aim of this study was to explore young people's experiences of the role of race, gender and socioeconomic status in relation to everyday challenges. Sixty-five young people aged 13–15 years old were recruited by student health services and participated in focus group discussions at schools in the southernmost part of Sweden. Data were analysed by secondary analysis with deductive qualitative content analysis using Ecosocial theory of disease distribution as theoretical framework. The analysis resulted in one main theme; Navigating inequities to gain and keep social status, with three underlying themes; Guided by social norms, Negative impact in everyday life and Importance of family influence. Participants were aware and critical of norms and expectations related to race, gender and socioeconomic status. Experiences of prejudice and unfairness was both own lived experiences by the participants as well as observed through friends and classmates. Young people spontaneously identify everyday challenges related to race, gender and socioeconomic status, even when not asked directly about these issues. Conforming to sexist, racist and classist, expectations is a way to lose and gain status in a school setting. Many of the inequities discussed related to socioeconomic status and the direct consequences of having or not having money. Young people's everyday experience of inequities is important to consider in youth mental health promotion aiming to tackle health inequities. Further research is needed on those experiences and how this affects mental health.
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| 4. |
- Gard, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring young people's experiences of race, gender and socioeconomic status in relation to everyday challenges : A focus group study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Children & society. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0951-0605 .- 1099-0860. ; 38:1, s. 228-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reports indicate a decrease in youth mental health in Sweden but at the same time research suggests that what is interpreted as mental ill-health could be considered everyday challenges by young people themselves. The distribution of mental health and illness among young people is uneven based on inequities related to factors such as race, gender and socioeconomic status. Sweden in particular is a country with large socioeconomic inequities in youth mental health and in school results, compared to other European countries. The aim of this study was to explore young people's experiences of the role of race, gender and socioeconomic status in relation to everyday challenges. Sixty-five young people aged 13-15 years old were recruited by student health services and participated in focus group discussions at schools in the southernmost part of Sweden. Data were analysed by secondary analysis with deductive qualitative content analysis using Ecosocial theory of disease distribution as theoretical framework. The analysis resulted in one main theme; Navigating inequities to gain and keep social status, with three underlying themes; Guided by social norms, Negative impact in everyday life and Importance of family influence. Participants were aware and critical of norms and expectations related to race, gender and socioeconomic status. Experiences of prejudice and unfairness was both own lived experiences by the participants as well as observed through friends and classmates. Young people spontaneously identify everyday challenges related to race, gender and socioeconomic status, even when not asked directly about these issues. Conforming to sexist, racist and classist, expectations is a way to lose and gain status in a school setting. Many of the inequities discussed related to socioeconomic status and the direct consequences of having or not having money. Young people's everyday experience of inequities is important to consider in youth mental health promotion aiming to tackle health inequities. Further research is needed on those experiences and how this affects mental health.
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| 5. |
- Johansen, Kine
(författare)
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Towards an evidence-based assessment of early motor performance in the child health services : Psychometric properties and clinical utility of the Structured Observation of Motor Performance in Infants
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish child health services (CHS) have a unique position in that they reach almost all children 0-6 years of age. The child health nurse has the main responsibility for developmental surveillance. Twelve scheduled visits with the nurse during the child’s first year of life make this an ideal setting to systematically identify infants with motor problems, ranging from asymmetric head positioning that may lead to plagiocephaly to more severe forms such as cerebral palsy (CP). However, the CHS lack evidence-based methods to assess motor development.The Structured Observation of Motor Performance in Infants (SOMP-I) assesses motor performance in two domains, i.e. level of motor development and quality of motor performance. SOMP-I is quick, non-invasive, requires minimal handling, and is suitable for a busy clinical setting when applied by physiotherapists. Given the importance of early detection, the increased likelihood of detecting motor problems when using evidence-based assessment methods and the key role of nurses within the CHS, the overall aim of this thesis was investigate the psychometric properties and clinical utility of SOMP-I when used by child health nurses. Furthermore, we aimed to establish the ability of SOMP-I to detect CP.Our results show that child health nurses can reliably assess the level of motor development in infants using SOMP-I. More variability was found when they assessed the infants’ quality of motor performance. Although the nurses expressed concern about introducing a more time-consuming assessment in an already tight schedule, they were able to integrate the SOMP-I assessment in routine care. The nurses reported that barriers to using SOMP-I were mostly logistic and practical in nature, and they pointed out the necessity of education and practice in order to become proficient assessors. Using SOMP-I appears to have supported the nurses in the decision-making process regarding motor performance in routine care. SOMP-I detected CP during the first months of life in neonatal intensive care recipients.To our knowledge, these studies are the first to evaluate child health nurses’ assessment of early motor performance using an evidence-based assessment method in routine care. The results are promising, but further research is warranted.
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| 6. |
- Petersson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Children's experiences about a structured assessment of health-related quality of life during a patient encounter
- 2016
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Ingår i: Child Care Health and Development. - : Wiley. - 0305-1862 .- 1365-2214. ; 42:3, s. 424-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIt has been stated that care for children with chronic health conditions tends to focus on condition-specific issues rather than how these children experience their health and everyday life functioning.AimThe aim of this study was to explore children's experiences about a structured assessment of health-related quality of life applied during a patient encounter.MethodsPrior to the start of the study, a clinical intervention based on the questionnaire DISABKIDS Chronic Generic Measure (DCGM-37) was performed. A qualitative explorative design was chosen, and 25 children between 10–17 years of age were interviewed after the consultation at four different paediatric outpatient clinics. Data were analysed according to qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe results were twofold: children experienced that the assessment was providing them with insights about their health, which motivated them to make lifestyle changes. When outcomes were discussed and requested, the children felt encouraged.ConclusionsThe use of an assessment of health-related quality of life may promote insights about health and encourage children with chronic health conditions to discuss their outcomes with healthcare professionals.
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| 7. |
- Petersson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of type 1 diabetes on health-related quality of life among 8–18-year-old children
- 2016
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Ingår i: Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2469-4207 .- 2469-4193. ; 39:4, s. 245-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measuring the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is one way to understand an individual’s perspective on health, and, more specifically, how type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects a child’s everyday life. Early detection of poor HRQOL is considered a crucial factor for identifying children who are at risk of psychosocial problems. The aim of this study was to describe the differences in the HRQOL of children with T1D according to age, gender, and metabolic control (HbA1c). Cross-sectional data were collected from children with T1D using the DISABKIDS Chronic Generic Measure-37 (DCGM-37) and the diabetes specific module (DM-10). Non-parametric tests were used to investigate differences. There were differences between girls and boys, and girls reported lower HRQOL than boys (HRQOL total score: mean 74 and 67 respectively; p = .005). Adolescents described more worries and fears about the future compared with younger children. Children with poor metabolic control reported a lower HRQOL than those with better metabolic control (HRQOL total score:mean 68 and 76 respectively; p = .006), but the social dimensions were not affected. The findings of the present study elucidate the importance for paediatric nurses to explore potential problems in children with T1D and use this knowledge in clinical practice. Assessment of the HRQOL can provide the patient’s perspective on the quality of diabetes care. The HRQOL is correlated with HbA1c, gender, and age, and the HRQOL as well as HbA1c levels should be regularly assessed to establish a comprehensive care for children with T1D.
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| 8. |
- Petersson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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To promote child involvement – healthcare professionals' use of a health-related quality of life assessment tool during paediatric encounters
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare. - : University of Buckingham Press. - 2052-5648 .- 2052-5656. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Children and healthcare professionals should be provided with easy-to-use tools which could lead to actionable results.Objectives: There is increasing interest in the use of patient reported outcomes to aid management of individual care; therefore, the use of health-related qualityof life (HRQOL) assessments during consultations need to be studied. The aim of this study was to explore how healthcare professionals use a HRQOL assessment tool during paediatric encounters.Design: A descriptive, explorative design with a qualitative approach based on video recordings was chosen.Methods: Twenty-one video recordings, from nine different healthcare professionals’ consultations where an assessment tool of HRQOL were used were analysed by content analysis.Results: The healthcare professionals were using different strategies and when they combined these strategies three approaches emerged. The instructing approach was characterized by healthcare professionals giving a summary of the results, leading to children becoming passive bystanders in the encounter. Based on an inviting approach, the children’s perceptions of their situation were requested while the items were explored. This resulted in involving the children in the conversations. In the engaging approach, an open dialogue and a common interpretation were sought to guide further care which was interpreted as children becoming actively involved.Conclusions: The child’s involvement could be facilitated depending on which approach is being used. When an inviting and engaging approach is used, actions in a non-linear set of interactions is co-produced with the child.Relevance to practice: The use of an HRQOL assessment tool change the management during consultations and could promote child involvement dependent on which approach the healthcare professionals are using.
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| 9. |
- Petersson, Christina
(författare)
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Using health-related quality of life instruments for children with long-term conditions : On the basis of a national quality registry system
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: There has been a continuous development of new technologies in healthcare that are derived from national quality registries. However, this innovation needs to be translated into the workflow of healthcare delivery, to enable children with long-term conditions to get the best support possible to manage their health during everyday life. Since children living with long-term conditions experience different interference levels in their lives, healthcare professionals need to assess the impact of care on children’s day-to-day lives, as a complement to biomedical assessments.Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to explore and describe the use of instruments about health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in outpatient care for children with long-term conditions on the basis of a national quality registry system.Methods: The research was conducted by using comparative, cross-sectional and explorative designs and data collection was performed by using different methods. The questionnaire DISABKIDS Chronic Generic Measure -37 was used as well as semi-structured interviews and video-recordings from consultations. Altogether, 156 children (8–18 years) and nine healthcare professionals participated in the studies. Children with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) (n 131) answered the questionnaire DISABKIDS and children with rheumatic diseases, kidney diseases and T1D (n 25) were interviewed after their consultation at the outpatient clinic after the web-DISABKIDS had been used. In total, nine healthcare professionals used the HRQOL instrument as an assessment tool during the encounters which was video-recorded (n 21). Quantitative deductive content analysis was used to describe content in different HRQOL instruments. Statistical inference was used to analyse results from DISABKIDS and qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interviews and video-recordings.Results: The findings showed that based on a biopsychosocial perspective, both generic and disease-specific instruments should be used to gain a comprehensive evaluation of the child’s HRQOL. The DISABKIDS instrument is applicable when describing different aspects of health concerning children with T1D. When DISABKIDS was used in the encounters, children expressed positive experiences about sharing their results with the healthcare professional. It was discovered that different approaches led to different outcomes for the child when the healthcare professionals were using DISABKIDS during the encounter. When an instructing approach is used, the child’s ability to learn more about their health and how to improve their health is limited. When an inviting or engaging approach is used by the professional, the child may become more involved during the conversations.Conclusions: It could be argued that instruments of HRQOL could be used as a complement to biomedical variables, to promote a biopsychosocial perspective on the child’s health. According to the children in this thesis, feedback on their results after answering to web-DISABKIDS is important, which implies that healthcare professionals need to prioritize time for discussions about results from HRQOL instruments in the encounters. If healthcare professionals involve the child in the discussion of the results of the HRQOL, misinterpreted answers could be corrected during the conversation. Concurrently, this claims that healthcare professionals invite and engage the child.
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| 10. |
- Valan, Lotha
(författare)
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Föräldrars användning av Internet för rådgivning avseende sina friska barns hälsa och utveckling och dess inverkan på Barnhälsovårdens konsultativa arbete : En studie i Svensk Barnhälsovård
- 2020
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att bli förälder är en livsomvälvande händelse som kan vara både glädjande och skrämmande. Som förälder ansvarar man för en annan människa där man i vissa fall behöver ny information, kunskap och råd för att leva upp till de nya kraven som en förändrad familjesituation kräver. Förmågan att tillgodogöra sig information, kunskap och råd kan relateras till begreppet hälsolitteracitet som berör hur personer förstår och tillgodogör sig hälsorelaterad information. Den svenska barnhälsovårdens mål är att främja barns hälsa och utveckling och förebygga ohälsa hos barn, samt stödja föräldrar i föräldrarollen. Barnhälsovårdens sjuksköterskor följer barnets hälsa och utveckling till dess att barnet fyller fem år och är en viktig del i stöttningen av föräldrarna. De flesta av dagens föräldrar är födda i den digitala generationen och Internet är en naturlig källa till information och ökad kunskap. Föräldrarnas hälsolitteracitet kan inverka på hur internetinformationen påverkar dem och deras agerande för att möta barnens behov. I nuläget är litet känt om hur informationsöverflödet från digitala källor som Internet används av föräldrar och i interaktionen med barnhälsovården. Denna licentiatavhandlings syfte är att generera ökad kunskap om hur föräldrar använder Internet för hälsorelaterad information relaterat till deras 0–6 åriga friska barn och hur detta kan påverka dem själva samt om och i så fall, hur detta inverkar på barnavårdssjuksköterskans konsultativa arbete. I licentiatavhandlingen ingår två delstudier: Delstudie I genomfördes som en kvalitativ intervjustudie med sjuksköterskor (n=20) verksamma inom Barnhälsovården. Syftet var att beskriva deras erfarenheter och uppfattningar om föräldrars internetanvändning. I resultatet framkom tre kategorier som belyste syftet: Det framkom att ”Internet underlättar vård samt tillgång och tillgänglighet av vård och vårdinformation”, vidare att ” Internet gör yrkesutövande mer komplext” samt till sist uttrycktes det ”Ett behov av förändrad yrkesroll för barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskan”. I delstudie II genomfördes en enkätundersökning med föräldrar (n=687) som hade barn inskrivna på barnhälsovården inom en region i norra Sverige. Syftet var att beskriva föräldrars internetanvändning för råd eller information relaterat till hälsa och barns utveckling för deras friska barn samt hur informationen användes i kontakten med Barnhälsovården. Nästan alla föräldrar (n=686), uppfattade att Internet är en bra informationskälla för råd och information om barns hälsa och utveckling, men de uttryckte osäkerhet inför mängden av information samt kring den egna förmågan att söka, sortera och värdera funnen information. I resultatet sågs också att många föräldrar 81,7% (n = 561) önskade ha stöd och vägledning av sin barnhälsovårdssjuksköterska avseende internetinformation och webbsidor. Licentiatavhandlingens resultat visar att föräldrar har ett behov av stöd och att barnhälsovårdens sjuksköterskor genom den uppbyggda relationen dem emellan både kan vägleda och ge råd för att stödja föräldrar. Genom att stödja föräldrar på detta sätt kan barnhälsovården bidra till att öka föräldrars hälsolitteracitet och därmed även deras hälsokompetens. Barnhälsovårdens medarbetare behöver kompetensutveckling och verktyg för att kunna stödja föräldrar mot större hälsolitteracitet och därigenom även en högre hälsokompetens. Det ses som viktigt att utveckla fler kvalitetssäkrade digitala verktyg som komplement till dagens Barnhälsovård baserad på personliga möten. Verktygen skulle kunna bestå i att stötta föräldrar till att söka och värdera information från evidensbaserade källor, samt att införliva chatt och videokonferensmöjligheter mellan föräldrar och barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskorna också inom offentlig sjukvård.
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