| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(author)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(author)
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Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
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| 3. |
- Ried, Janina S., et al.
(author)
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A principal component meta-analysis on multiple anthropometric traits identifies novel loci for body shape
- 2016
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Large consortia have revealed hundreds of genetic loci associated with anthropometric traits, one trait at a time. We examined whether genetic variants affect body shape as a composite phenotype that is represented by a combination of anthropometric traits. We developed an approach that calculates averaged PCs (AvPCs) representing body shape derived from six anthropometric traits (body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio). The first four AvPCs explain >99% of the variability, are heritable, and associate with cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed genome-wide association analyses for each body shape composite phenotype across 65 studies and meta-analysed summary statistics. We identify six novel loci: LEMD2 and CD47 for AvPC1, RPS6KA5/C14orf159 and GANAB for AvPC3, and ARL15 and ANP32 for AvPC4. Our findings highlight the value of using multiple traits to define complex phenotypes for discovery, which are not captured by single-trait analyses, and may shed light onto new pathways.
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| 4. |
- Shungin, Dmitry, et al.
(author)
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New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
- 2015
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- af Bjerkén, Sara, et al.
(author)
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Reliability and validity of visual analysis of [18F]FE-PE2I PET/CT in early Parkinsonian disease
- 2023
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In: Nuclear medicine communications. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0143-3636 .- 1473-5628. ; 44:5, s. 397-406
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: [18F]FE-PE2I (FE-PE2I) is a new radiotracer for dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging with PET. The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual interpretation of FE-PE2I images for the diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinsonian syndrome (IPS). The inter-rater variability, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for visual interpretation of striatal FE-PE2I compared to [123I]FP-CIT (FP-CIT) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was evaluated.Methods: Thirty patients with newly onset parkinsonism and 32 healthy controls with both an FE-PE2I and FP-CIT were included in the study. Four patients had normal DAT imaging, of which three did not fulfil the IPS criteria at the clinical reassessment after 2 years. Six raters evaluated the DAT images blinded to the clinical diagnosis, interpreting the image as being ‘normal’ or ‘pathological’, and assessed the degree of DAT-reduction in the caudate and putamen. The inter-rater agreement was assessed with intra-class correlation and Cronbach’s α. For calculation of sensitivity and specificity, DAT images were defined as correctly classified if categorized as normal or pathological by ≥4/6 raters.Results: The overall agreement in visual evaluation of the FE-PE2I- and FP-CIT images was high for the IPS patients (α = 0.960 and 0.898, respectively), but lower in healthy controls (FE-PE2I: α = 0.693, FP-CIT: α = 0.657). Visual interpretation gave high sensitivity (both 0.96) but lower specificity (FE-PE2I: 0.86, FP-CIT: 0.63) with an accuracy of 90% for FE-PE2I and 77% for FP-CIT.Conclusion: Visual evaluation of FE-PE2I PET imaging demonstrates high reliability and diagnostic accuracy for IPS.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Berndt, Sonja I., et al.
(author)
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Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture
- 2013
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:5, s. 501-U69
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups.
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| 9. |
- Bröchner, Jan, 1948, et al.
(author)
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Quality and legal aspects in public care procurement
- 2016
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In: TQM Journal. - 1754-2731 .- 1754-274X. ; 28:4, s. 648-663
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the applicability of care quality concepts as contractaward criteria for public procurement of health and social care, using the case of Sweden.Design/methodology/approach – Based on a literature review, European and Swedish legal texts,government regulations as well as 26 Swedish court review cases concerning care procurement havebeen analysed.Findings – Methods used for assessing care quality are seldom useful for predicting the quality to bedelivered by a potential contractor. Legal principles of transparency and equal treatment of tenderersmake it necessary to apply strict requirements for verification.Research limitations/implications – Results refer primarily to a Swedish context but could beapplicable throughout the EU. Further studies of relations between award criteria and public/privatecollaborative practices for improving care quality during contractual periods are desirable.Practical implications – Local and regional procurement officials should benefit from a betterunderstanding of how quality criteria should be designed and applied to the award procedures for carecontracts. Care providers in the private sector would also be able to develop their quality strategies andpresent their abilities more efficiently when tendering for public contracts.Social implications – Issues of quality of health and social care are of obvious importance for socialsustainability. Public awareness of care quality problems is evident and often a cause of media concern.Originality/value – This investigation pinpoints the difference between traditional care qualitythinking and the legal principles underlying contract award in public procurement of care services.
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| 10. |
- Camén, Carolina, et al.
(author)
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Upphandling och kvalitet – går bra kvalitet att upphandla?
- 2019
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In: Upphandlad - Forskarperspektiv på offentlig upphandling inom vård och omsorg. - 9789187003288 ; , s. 105-137
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Kvalitet är för många ett svårt begrepp som kommit att spela en stor roll i såväl privata som offentliga organisationer. Att varor och tjänster håller en bra kvalitet är viktigt bland annat på grund av att kvalitet kan ses som ett konkurrensmedel. Det innebär att privata och offentliga organisationer ställs inför olika utmaningar när varor och tjänster som upphandlas ska ha en bra och en hög kvalitet. Kvalitet är dessutom ett begrepp som har intresserat forskare i decennier, genom att försöka förstå detta multidimensionella begrepp, vad som karaktäriserar kvalitet, hur kvalitet definieras, hur kvalitet mäts, hur implementering av kvalitet sker för att ta några exempel. Kvalitet har studerats från olika perspektiv och inom olika discipliner, vilket kommer att belysas i detta kapitel för att skapa en förståelse för vad kvalitet är och hur kvalitet kan upphandlas. Kapitlet syftar inte till att vara heltäckande, istället är målet att väcka tankar och reflektioner kring de utmaningar och den komplexa situation som offentliga organisationer ställs inför när varor och tjänster upphandlas och när det skall ske med bra kvalitet eller att varan och tjänsten skall hålla en bra kvalitet.1 Kapitlet beskriver och diskuterar varför kvalitet är viktigt, vad kvalitet är, hur kvalitet kan mätas och vilka utmaningar upphandlande organisationer ställs inför. Därutöver, handlar kapitlet om att sammanfatta relevant forskning i relation till kvalitet i upphandlingar.
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